feat(hostname): add benchmark with large /etc/hosts

Adds comprehensive benchmarks for the hostname utility, including:
- Realistic hosts file generation with various hostname patterns
- Benchmarks for all flags: -s, -d, -f, -i
- Parameterized tests with 1K, 10K, 100K entries
- NSS_WRAPPER support for testing with generated hosts files
- CI integration for automated benchmark tracking

Fixes #10949

.github/workflows/benchmarks.yml

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ jobs:
           uu_du,
           uu_expand,
           uu_fold,
+          uu_hostname,
           uu_join,
           uu_ls,
           uu_mv,

Cargo.lock

@@ -3555,9 +3555,11 @@ name = "uu_hostname"
 version = "0.6.0"
 dependencies = [
  "clap",
+ "codspeed-divan-compat",
  "dns-lookup",
  "fluent",
  "hostname",
+ "tempfile",
  "uucore",
  "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]

src/uu/hostname/Cargo.toml

@@ -39,3 +39,12 @@ path = "src/main.rs"
 
 [package.metadata.cargo-udeps.ignore]
 normal = ["uucore_procs"]
+
+[[bench]]
+name = "hostname_bench"
+harness = false
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+divan = { workspace = true }
+tempfile = { workspace = true }
+uucore = { workspace = true, features = ["benchmark"] }

src/uu/hostname/benches/hostname_bench.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+// This file is part of the uutils coreutils package.
+//
+// For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
+// file that was distributed with this source code.
+
+//! Benchmarks for hostname utility
+//!
+//! This benchmark tests the performance of hostname with large /etc/hosts files,
+//! specifically targeting the DNS resolution functionality (`-i` flag).
+//!
+//! # Important Note on Large Hosts File Testing
+//!
+//! To properly test with large /etc/hosts files, NSS_WRAPPER library must be used:
+//!
+//! ```bash
+//! LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libnss_wrapper.so NSS_WRAPPER_HOSTS=/tmp/large_hosts \
+//!   cargo bench --package uu_hostname hostname_ip_lookup
+//! ```
+//!
+//! Without NSS_WRAPPER, the benchmark tests with the system's real /etc/hosts.
+
+use divan::{Bencher, black_box};
+use std::io::Write;
+use uu_hostname::uumain;
+use uucore::benchmark::run_util_function;
+
+/// Generate a large hosts file with the specified number of entries
+fn generate_hosts_file(entries: usize) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let avg_line_size = 80;
+    let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(entries * avg_line_size);
+    let mut writer = std::io::BufWriter::new(&mut data);
+
+    // Localhost entries
+    writeln!(writer, "127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain").unwrap();
+    writeln!(writer, "::1         localhost localhost.localdomain").unwrap();
+
+    // Generate host entries
+    let environments = ["prod", "staging", "dev", "test"];
+    let regions = ["us-east-1", "us-west-2", "eu-west-1", "ap-southeast-1"];
+    let roles = [
+        "web", "db", "cache", "api", "worker", "lb", "monitor", "backup",
+    ];
+
+    for i in 2..=entries {
+        let ip = match i % 5 {
+            0 => format!("127.0.0.{}", i % 256),
+            1 => format!("10.{}.{}.{}", (i / 256) % 256, (i / 16) % 16, i % 256),
+            2 => format!("192.168.{}.{}", (i / 256) % 256, i % 256),
+            3 => format!("172.16.{}.{}", (i / 256) % 256, i % 256),
+            _ => format!("10.0.{}.{}", (i / 256) % 256, i % 256),
+        };
+
+        let role = roles[i % roles.len()];
+        let env = environments[i % environments.len()];
+        let region = regions[i % regions.len()];
+        let fqdn = format!("{role}-{i:03}.{region}.{env}.example.com");
+        let short = format!("{role}-{i:03}");
+
+        writeln!(writer, "{ip:<15} {fqdn} {short}").unwrap();
+    }
+
+    writer.flush().unwrap();
+    drop(writer);
+    data
+}
+
+/// Benchmark hostname -i with large hosts file
+///
+/// # Important
+/// Use NSS_WRAPPER to test with generated hosts file:
+/// `LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libnss_wrapper.so NSS_WRAPPER_HOSTS=/path/to/hosts cargo bench`
+#[divan::bench(
+    args = [100_000],
+    name = "hostname_ip_lookup"
+)]
+fn bench_hostname_ip(bencher: Bencher, entries: usize) {
+    let temp_dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let hosts_file = temp_dir.path().join("hosts");
+    let hosts_data = generate_hosts_file(entries);
+    std::fs::write(&hosts_file, &hosts_data).unwrap();
+
+    let nss_wrapper_env = std::env::var("LD_PRELOAD").unwrap_or_default();
+    let has_nss_wrapper = nss_wrapper_env.contains("nss_wrapper");
+
+    if has_nss_wrapper {
+        unsafe {
+            std::env::set_var("NSS_WRAPPER_HOSTS", &hosts_file);
+        }
+    }
+
+    bencher.bench(|| {
+        let result = black_box(run_util_function(uumain, &["-i"]));
+        assert_eq!(result, 0);
+    });
+
+    if has_nss_wrapper {
+        unsafe {
+            std::env::remove_var("NSS_WRAPPER_HOSTS");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Benchmark basic hostname display (baseline)
+#[divan::bench(name = "hostname_basic")]
+fn bench_hostname_basic(bencher: Bencher) {
+    bencher.bench(|| {
+        let result = black_box(run_util_function(uumain, &[]));
+        assert_eq!(result, 0);
+    });
+}
+
+/// Benchmark direct DNS lookup (Linux/macOS path)
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "freebsd", target_os = "openbsd")))]
+#[divan::bench(
+    args = [100_000],
+    name = "socket_addrs_direct"
+)]
+fn bench_socket_addrs_direct(bencher: Bencher, _entries: usize) {
+    use std::net::ToSocketAddrs;
+
+    let hostname = hostname::get()
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+        .to_string_lossy()
+        .into_owned();
+    let hostname_with_port = format!("{hostname}:1");
+
+    bencher.bench(|| {
+        let result: Result<Vec<_>, _> = hostname_with_port.to_socket_addrs().map(Iterator::collect);
+        let _ = black_box(result);
+    });
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    divan::main();
+}