Large refactor of Timeline, TimelineBase, ClipBase, and Clip, to allow a Clip access to the parent timeline instance (if available), and thus, certain properties (preview size, timeline FPS, etc...). This allows for a simpler rendering of Clip keyframes (during the Clip::GetFrame method), and a simpler Timeline class, that can change the preview window size dynamically and no longer requires a Singleton Settings class.

- Also removed "crop" from Clip class, as it was never implmeneted correctly, and we have a fully functional "crop" effect when needed
 - Added caching to Clip class, to optimize previewing of cached frames (much faster than previous)

include/Clip.h

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 #include "Effects.h"
 #include "EffectInfo.h"
 #include "Fraction.h"
+#include "Frame.h"
 #include "KeyFrame.h"
 #include "ReaderBase.h"
 #include "JuceHeader.h"
@@ -146,9 +147,6 @@ namespace openshot {
 		void reverse_buffer(juce::AudioSampleBuffer* buffer);
 
 	public:
-		/// Final cache object used to hold final frames
-		CacheMemory final_cache;
-
 		openshot::GravityType gravity;   ///< The gravity of a clip determines where it snaps to its parent
 		openshot::ScaleType scale;		 ///< The scale determines how a clip should be resized to fit its parent
 		openshot::AnchorType anchor;     ///< The anchor determines what parent a clip should snap to
@@ -169,9 +167,8 @@ namespace openshot {
 		/// Destructor
 		virtual ~Clip();
 
-
-		/// Get the cache object used by this reader (always returns NULL for this object)
-		CacheMemory* GetCache() override { return &final_cache; };
+		/// Get the cache object used by this clip
+		CacheMemory* GetCache() { return &cache; };
 
 		/// Determine if reader is open or closed
 		bool IsOpen() override { return is_open; };
@@ -197,20 +194,21 @@ namespace openshot {
 		/// @brief Get an openshot::Frame object for a specific frame number of this timeline. The image size and number
 		/// of samples match the source reader.
 		///
-		/// @returns The requested frame (containing the image)
-		/// @param requested_frame The frame number that is requested
-		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t requested_frame);
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number);
 
 		/// @brief Get an openshot::Frame object for a specific frame number of this timeline. The image size and number
 		/// of samples can be customized to match the Timeline, or any custom output. Extra samples will be moved to the
 		/// next Frame. Missing samples will be moved from the next Frame.
 		///
-		/// @returns The requested frame (containing the image)
-		/// @param requested_frame The frame number that is requested
-		/// @param width The width of the image requested
-		/// @param height The height of the image requested
-		/// @param samples The number of samples requested
-		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t requested_frame, int width, int height, int samples);
+		/// A new openshot::Frame objects is returned, based on a copy from the source image, with all keyframes and clip effects
+		/// rendered.
+		///
+		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame This is ignored on Clip, due to caching optimizations. This frame instance is clobbered with the source frame.
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number);
 
 		/// Open the internal reader
 		void Open();
@@ -265,13 +263,6 @@ namespace openshot {
 		/// Curve representing the color of the audio wave form
 		openshot::Color wave_color;
 
-		// Crop settings and curves
-		openshot::GravityType crop_gravity; ///< Cropping needs to have a gravity to determine what side we are cropping
-		openshot::Keyframe crop_width; ///< Curve representing width in percent (0.0=0%, 1.0=100%)
-		openshot::Keyframe crop_height; ///< Curve representing height in percent (0.0=0%, 1.0=100%)
-		openshot::Keyframe crop_x; ///< Curve representing X offset in percent (-1.0=-100%, 0.0=0%, 1.0=100%)
-		openshot::Keyframe crop_y; ///< Curve representing Y offset in percent (-1.0=-100%, 0.0=0%, 1.0=100%)
-
 		// Perspective curves
 		openshot::Keyframe perspective_c1_x; ///< Curves representing X for coordinate 1
 		openshot::Keyframe perspective_c1_y; ///< Curves representing Y for coordinate 1

include/ClipBase.h

@@ -33,10 +33,13 @@
 
 #include <memory>
 #include <sstream>
+#include "CacheMemory.h"
 #include "Exceptions.h"
+#include "Frame.h"
 #include "Point.h"
 #include "KeyFrame.h"
 #include "Json.h"
+#include "TimelineBase.h"
 
 namespace openshot {
 
@@ -54,6 +57,7 @@ namespace openshot {
 		float start; ///< The position in seconds to start playing (used to trim the beginning of a clip)
 		float end; ///< The position in seconds to end playing (used to trim the ending of a clip)
 		std::string previous_properties; ///< This string contains the previous JSON properties
+		openshot::TimelineBase* timeline; ///< Pointer to the parent timeline instance (if any)
 
 		/// Generate JSON for a property
 		Json::Value add_property_json(std::string name, float value, std::string type, std::string memo, const Keyframe* keyframe, float min_value, float max_value, bool readonly, int64_t requested_frame) const;
@@ -62,6 +66,7 @@ namespace openshot {
 		Json::Value add_property_choice_json(std::string name, int value, int selected_value) const;
 
 	public:
+		CacheMemory cache;
 
 		/// Constructor for the base clip
 		ClipBase() { };
@@ -72,6 +77,25 @@ namespace openshot {
 		bool operator> ( ClipBase& a) { return (Position() > a.Position()); }
 		bool operator>= ( ClipBase& a) { return (Position() >= a.Position()); }
 
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		virtual std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) = 0;
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// modified openshot::Frame object
+		///
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		virtual std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) = 0;
+
 		/// Get basic properties
 		std::string Id() const { return id; } ///< Get the Id of this clip object
 		float Position() const { return position; } ///< Get position on timeline (in seconds)
@@ -79,6 +103,7 @@ namespace openshot {
 		float Start() const { return start; } ///< Get start position (in seconds) of clip (trim start of video)
 		float End() const { return end; } ///< Get end position (in seconds) of clip (trim end of video)
 		float Duration() const { return end - start; } ///< Get the length of this clip (in seconds)
+		openshot::TimelineBase* ParentTimeline() { return timeline; } ///< Get the associated Timeline pointer (if any)
 
 		/// Set basic properties
 		void Id(std::string value) { id = value; } ///> Set the Id of this clip object
@@ -86,6 +111,7 @@ namespace openshot {
 		void Layer(int value) { layer = value; } ///< Set layer of clip on timeline (lower number is covered by higher numbers)
 		void Start(float value) { start = value; } ///< Set start position (in seconds) of clip (trim start of video)
 		void End(float value) { end = value; } ///< Set end position (in seconds) of clip (trim end of video)
+		void ParentTimeline(openshot::TimelineBase* new_timeline) { timeline = new_timeline; } ///< Set associated Timeline pointer
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		virtual std::string Json() const = 0; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/EffectBase.h

@@ -67,6 +67,10 @@ namespace openshot
 	{
 	private:
 		int order; ///< The order to evaluate this effect. Effects are processed in this order (when more than one overlap).
+
+	protected:
+		openshot::ClipBase* clip; ///< Pointer to the parent clip instance (if any)
+
 	public:
 
 		/// Information about the current effect
@@ -78,21 +82,16 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// Constrain a color value from 0 to 255
 		int constrain(int color_value);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
-		/// modified openshot::Frame object
-		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
-		///
-		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		virtual std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) = 0;
-
 		/// Initialize the values of the EffectInfo struct.  It is important for derived classes to call
 		/// this method, or the EffectInfo struct values will not be initialized.
 		void InitEffectInfo();
 
+		/// Parent clip object of this effect (which can be unparented and NULL)
+		openshot::ClipBase* ParentClip();
+
+		/// Set parent clip object of this effect
+		void ParentClip(openshot::ClipBase* new_clip);
+
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		virtual std::string Json() const = 0; ///< Generate JSON string of this object
 		virtual void SetJson(const std::string value) = 0; ///< Load JSON string into this object

include/OpenShot.h

@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@
 #include "QtHtmlReader.h"
 #include "QtImageReader.h"
 #include "QtTextReader.h"
+#include "TimelineBase.h"
 #include "Timeline.h"
 #include "Settings.h"
 

include/ReaderBase.h

@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ namespace openshot
 	{
 	protected:
 		/// Section lock for multiple threads
-	  juce::CriticalSection getFrameCriticalSection;
-	  juce::CriticalSection processingCriticalSection;
-		openshot::ClipBase* parent;
+		juce::CriticalSection getFrameCriticalSection;
+		juce::CriticalSection processingCriticalSection;
+		openshot::ClipBase* clip; ///< Pointer to the parent clip instance (if any)
 
 	public:
 

include/Timeline.h

@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@
 #include "OpenMPUtilities.h"
 #include "ReaderBase.h"
 #include "Settings.h"
+#include "TimelineBase.h"
+
 
 namespace openshot {
 
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ namespace openshot {
 	 * t.Close();
 	 * @endcode
 	 */
-	class Timeline : public openshot::ReaderBase {
+	class Timeline : public openshot::TimelineBase, public openshot::ReaderBase {
 	private:
 		bool is_open; ///<Is Timeline Open?
 		bool auto_map_clips; ///< Auto map framerates and sample rates to all clips

include/TimelineBase.h

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/**
+ * @file
+ * @brief Header file for Timeline class
+ * @author Jonathan Thomas <jonathan@openshot.org>
+ *
+ * @ref License
+ */
+
+/* LICENSE
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2008-2019 OpenShot Studios, LLC
+ * <http://www.openshotstudios.com/>. This file is part of
+ * OpenShot Library (libopenshot), an open-source project dedicated to
+ * delivering high quality video editing and animation solutions to the
+ * world. For more information visit <http://www.openshot.org/>.
+ *
+ * OpenShot Library (libopenshot) is free software: you can redistribute it
+ * and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * OpenShot Library (libopenshot) is distributed in the hope that it will be
+ * useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with OpenShot Library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef OPENSHOT_TIMELINE_BASE_H
+#define OPENSHOT_TIMELINE_BASE_H
+
+
+namespace openshot {
+	/**
+	 * @brief This class represents a timeline (used for building generic timeline implementations)
+	 */
+	class TimelineBase {
+
+	public:
+		int preview_width; ///< Optional preview width of timeline image. If your preview window is smaller than the timeline, it's recommended to set this.
+		int preview_height; ///< Optional preview width of timeline image. If your preview window is smaller than the timeline, it's recommended to set this.
+	};
+}
+
+#endif

include/effects/Bars.h

@@ -77,16 +77,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// @param bottom The curve to adjust the bottom bar size (between 0 and 1)
 		Bars(Color color, Keyframe left, Keyframe top, Keyframe right, Keyframe bottom);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/Blur.h

@@ -89,16 +89,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// @param new_iterations The curve to adjust the # of iterations (between 1 and 100)
 		Blur(Keyframe new_horizontal_radius, Keyframe new_vertical_radius, Keyframe new_sigma, Keyframe new_iterations);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/Brightness.h

@@ -77,16 +77,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// @param new_contrast The curve to adjust the contrast (3 is typical, 20 is a lot, 100 is max. 0 is invalid)
 		Brightness(Keyframe new_brightness, Keyframe new_contrast);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/ChromaKey.h

@@ -74,16 +74,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// @param fuzz The fuzz factor (or threshold)
 		ChromaKey(Color color, Keyframe fuzz);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/ColorShift.h

@@ -81,16 +81,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// @param alpha_y The curve to adjust the Alpha y shift (between -1 and 1, percentage)
 		ColorShift(Keyframe red_x, Keyframe red_y, Keyframe green_x, Keyframe green_y, Keyframe blue_x, Keyframe blue_y, Keyframe alpha_x, Keyframe alpha_y);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/Crop.h

@@ -76,16 +76,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// @param bottom The curve to adjust the bottom bar size (between 0 and 1)
 		Crop(Keyframe left, Keyframe top, Keyframe right, Keyframe bottom);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/Deinterlace.h

@@ -70,16 +70,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// Default constructor
 		Deinterlace(bool isOdd);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/Hue.h

@@ -67,16 +67,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// @param hue The curve to adjust the hue shift (between 0 and 1)
 		Hue(Keyframe hue);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/Mask.h

@@ -89,16 +89,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// @param mask_contrast The curve to adjust the contrast of the wipe's mask (3 is typical, 20 is a lot, 0 is invalid)
 		Mask(ReaderBase *mask_reader, Keyframe mask_brightness, Keyframe mask_contrast);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/Negate.h

@@ -58,16 +58,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// Default constructor
 		Negate();
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/Pixelate.h

@@ -75,16 +75,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// @param bottom The curve to adjust the bottom margin size (between 0 and 1)
 		Pixelate(Keyframe pixelization, Keyframe left, Keyframe top, Keyframe right, Keyframe bottom);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/Saturation.h

@@ -80,16 +80,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// @param saturation_B The curve to adjust blue saturation of the frame's image (0.0 = greyscale, 1.0 = normal, 2.0 = double saturation)
 		Saturation(Keyframe saturation, Keyframe saturation_R, Keyframe saturation_G, Keyframe saturation_B);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object

include/effects/Shift.h

@@ -70,16 +70,24 @@ namespace openshot
 		/// @param y The curve to adjust the y shift (between -1 and 1, percentage)
 		Shift(Keyframe x, Keyframe y);
 
-		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of EffectBase, and returns a
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
+		/// new openshot::Frame object. All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into
+		/// pixels.
+		///
+		/// @returns A new openshot::Frame object
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(int64_t frame_number) override { return GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> (new Frame()), frame_number); }
+
+		/// @brief This method is required for all derived classes of ClipBase, and returns a
 		/// modified openshot::Frame object
 		///
-		/// The frame object is passed into this method, and a frame_number is passed in which
-		/// tells the effect which settings to use from its keyframes (starting at 1).
+		/// The frame object is passed into this method and used as a starting point (pixels and audio).
+		/// All Clip keyframes and effects are resolved into pixels.
 		///
 		/// @returns The modified openshot::Frame object
-		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the effect applied to it
-		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the effect on the timeline.
-		std::shared_ptr<Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
+		/// @param frame The frame object that needs the clip or effect applied to it
+		/// @param frame_number The frame number (starting at 1) of the clip or effect on the timeline.
+		std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> GetFrame(std::shared_ptr<openshot::Frame> frame, int64_t frame_number) override;
 
 		/// Get and Set JSON methods
 		std::string Json() const override; ///< Generate JSON string of this object