Fix tcpip.Endpoint.Write contract regarding short writes

* Clarify tcpip.Endpoint.Write contract regarding short writes.
* Enforce tcpip.Endpoint.Write contract regarding short writes.
* Update relevant users of tcpip.Endpoint.Write.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 224377586
Change-Id: I24299ecce902eb11317ee13dae3b8d8a7c5b097d

pkg/sentry/socket/epsocket/epsocket.go

@@ -323,20 +323,27 @@ func (s *SocketOperations) Write(ctx context.Context, _ *fs.File, src usermem.IO
 	f := &ioSequencePayload{ctx: ctx, src: src}
 	n, resCh, err := s.Endpoint.Write(f, tcpip.WriteOptions{})
 	if err == tcpip.ErrWouldBlock {
-		return int64(n), syserror.ErrWouldBlock
+		return 0, syserror.ErrWouldBlock
 	}
 
 	if resCh != nil {
 		t := ctx.(*kernel.Task)
 		if err := t.Block(resCh); err != nil {
-			return int64(n), syserr.FromError(err).ToError()
+			return 0, syserr.FromError(err).ToError()
 		}
 
 		n, _, err = s.Endpoint.Write(f, tcpip.WriteOptions{})
-		return int64(n), syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err).ToError()
 	}
 
-	return int64(n), syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err).ToError()
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err).ToError()
+	}
+
+	if int64(n) < src.NumBytes() {
+		return int64(n), syserror.ErrWouldBlock
+	}
+
+	return int64(n), nil
 }
 
 // Readiness returns a mask of ready events for socket s.
@@ -1343,11 +1350,16 @@ func (s *SocketOperations) SendMsg(t *kernel.Task, src usermem.IOSequence, to []
 	n, resCh, err := s.Endpoint.Write(tcpip.SlicePayload(v), opts)
 	if resCh != nil {
 		if err := t.Block(resCh); err != nil {
-			return int(n), syserr.FromError(err)
+			return 0, syserr.FromError(err)
 		}
 		n, _, err = s.Endpoint.Write(tcpip.SlicePayload(v), opts)
 	}
-	if err != tcpip.ErrWouldBlock || flags&linux.MSG_DONTWAIT != 0 {
+	dontWait := flags&linux.MSG_DONTWAIT != 0
+	if err == nil && (n >= uintptr(len(v)) || dontWait) {
+		// Complete write.
+		return int(n), nil
+	}
+	if err != nil && (err != tcpip.ErrWouldBlock || dontWait) {
 		return int(n), syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
 	}
 
@@ -1363,11 +1375,17 @@ func (s *SocketOperations) SendMsg(t *kernel.Task, src usermem.IOSequence, to []
 		n, _, err = s.Endpoint.Write(tcpip.SlicePayload(v), opts)
 		v.TrimFront(int(n))
 		total += n
-		if err != tcpip.ErrWouldBlock {
-			return int(total), syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
+
+		if err != nil && err != tcpip.ErrWouldBlock && total == 0 {
+			return 0, syserr.TranslateNetstackError(err)
+		}
+
+		if err == nil && len(v) == 0 || err != nil && err != tcpip.ErrWouldBlock {
+			return int(total), nil
 		}
 
 		if err := t.Block(ch); err != nil {
+			// handleIOError will consume errors from t.Block if needed.
 			return int(total), syserr.FromError(err)
 		}
 	}

pkg/sentry/socket/socket.go

@@ -90,6 +90,8 @@ type Socket interface {
 
 	// SendMsg implements the sendmsg(2) linux syscall. SendMsg does not take
 	// ownership of the ControlMessage on error.
+	//
+	// If n > 0, err will either be nil or an error from t.Block.
 	SendMsg(t *kernel.Task, src usermem.IOSequence, to []byte, flags int, controlMessages ControlMessages) (n int, err *syserr.Error)
 
 	// SetRecvTimeout sets the timeout (in ns) for recv operations. Zero means

pkg/tcpip/tcpip.go

@@ -312,7 +312,10 @@ type Endpoint interface {
 	// the caller should not use data[:n] after Write returns.
 	//
 	// Note that unlike io.Writer.Write, it is not an error for Write to
-	// perform a partial write.
+	// perform a partial write (if n > 0, no error may be returned). Only
+	// stream (TCP) Endpoints may return partial writes, and even then only
+	// in the case where writing additional data would block. Other Endpoints
+	// will either write the entire message or return an error.
 	//
 	// For UDP and Ping sockets if address resolution is required,
 	// ErrNoLinkAddress and a notification channel is returned for the caller to

pkg/tcpip/transport/ping/endpoint.go

@@ -299,7 +299,11 @@ func (e *endpoint) Write(p tcpip.Payload, opts tcpip.WriteOptions) (uintptr, <-c
 		err = sendPing6(route, e.id.LocalPort, v)
 	}
 
-	return uintptr(len(v)), nil, err
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, nil, err
+	}
+
+	return uintptr(len(v)), nil, nil
 }
 
 // Peek only returns data from a single datagram, so do nothing here.

pkg/tcpip/transport/tcp/endpoint.go

@@ -554,10 +554,6 @@ func (e *endpoint) Write(p tcpip.Payload, opts tcpip.WriteOptions) (uintptr, <-c
 		return 0, nil, perr
 	}
 
-	var err *tcpip.Error
-	if p.Size() > avail {
-		err = tcpip.ErrWouldBlock
-	}
 	l := len(v)
 	s := newSegmentFromView(&e.route, e.id, v)
 
@@ -576,7 +572,7 @@ func (e *endpoint) Write(p tcpip.Payload, opts tcpip.WriteOptions) (uintptr, <-c
 		// Let the protocol goroutine do the work.
 		e.sndWaker.Assert()
 	}
-	return uintptr(l), nil, err
+	return uintptr(l), nil, nil
 }
 
 // Peek reads data without consuming it from the endpoint.