Toralf runs trinity on UML/i386. After some time it hangs and the last
message line is
BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 22s! [trinity-child0:1521]
It's found that pages_dirtied becomes very large. More than 1000000000
pages in this case:
period = HZ * pages_dirtied / task_ratelimit;
BUG_ON(pages_dirtied > 2000000000);
BUG_ON(pages_dirtied > 1000000000); <---------
UML debug printf shows that we got negative pause here:
ick: pause : -984
ick: pages_dirtied : 0
ick: task_ratelimit: 0
pause:
+ if (pause < 0) {
+ extern int printf(char *, ...);
+ printf("ick : pause : %li\n", pause);
+ printf("ick: pages_dirtied : %lu\n", pages_dirtied);
+ printf("ick: task_ratelimit: %lu\n", task_ratelimit);
+ BUG_ON(1);
+ }
trace_balance_dirty_pages(bdi,
Since pause is bounded by [min_pause, max_pause] where min_pause is also
bounded by max_pause. It's suspected and demonstrated that the
max_pause calculation goes wrong:
ick: pause : -717
ick: min_pause : -177
ick: max_pause : -717
ick: pages_dirtied : 14
ick: task_ratelimit: 0
The problem lies in the two "long = unsigned long" assignments in
bdi_max_pause() which might go negative if the highest bit is 1, and the
min_t(long, ...) check failed to protect it falling under 0. Fix all of
them by using "unsigned long" throughout the function.
Signed-off-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Reported-by: Toralf Förster <toralf.foerster@gmx.de>
Tested-by: Toralf Förster <toralf.foerster@gmx.de>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Buffer allocation has a very crude indefinite loop around waking the
flusher threads and performing global NOFS direct reclaim because it can
not handle allocation failures.
The most immediate problem with this is that the allocation may fail due
to a memory cgroup limit, where flushers + direct reclaim might not make
any progress towards resolving the situation at all. Because unlike the
global case, a memory cgroup may not have any cache at all, only
anonymous pages but no swap. This situation will lead to a reclaim
livelock with insane IO from waking the flushers and thrashing unrelated
filesystem cache in a tight loop.
Use __GFP_NOFAIL allocations for buffers for now. This makes sure that
any looping happens in the page allocator, which knows how to
orchestrate kswapd, direct reclaim, and the flushers sensibly. It also
allows memory cgroups to detect allocations that can't handle failure
and will allow them to ultimately bypass the limit if reclaim can not
make progress.
Reported-by: azurIt <azurit@pobox.sk>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 3812c8c8f3 ("mm: memcg: do not trap chargers with full
callstack on OOM") assumed that only a few places that can trigger a
memcg OOM situation do not return VM_FAULT_OOM, like optional page cache
readahead. But there are many more and it's impractical to annotate
them all.
First of all, we don't want to invoke the OOM killer when the failed
allocation is gracefully handled, so defer the actual kill to the end of
the fault handling as well. This simplifies the code quite a bit for
added bonus.
Second, since a failed allocation might not be the abrupt end of the
fault, the memcg OOM handler needs to be re-entrant until the fault
finishes for subsequent allocation attempts. If an allocation is
attempted after the task already OOMed, allow it to bypass the limit so
that it can quickly finish the fault and invoke the OOM killer.
Reported-by: azurIt <azurit@pobox.sk>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In commit 27a7c64217 ("partitions/efi: account for pmbr size in lba")
we started treating bad sizes in lba field of the partition that has the
0xEE (GPT protective) as errors.
However, we may run into these "bad sizes" in the real world if someone
uses dd to copy an image from a smaller disk to a bigger disk. Since
this case used to work (even without using force_gpt), keep it working
and treat the size mismatch as a warning instead of an error.
Reported-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Reported-by: Sean Paul <seanpaul@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Doug Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Acked-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Tested-by: Artem Bityutskiy <dedekind1@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 11feeb4980 ("kvm: optimize away THP checks in
kvm_is_mmio_pfn()") introduced a memory leak when KVM is run on gigantic
compound pages.
That commit depends on the assumption that PG_reserved is identical for
all head and tail pages of a compound page. So that if get_user_pages
returns a tail page, we don't need to check the head page in order to
know if we deal with a reserved page that requires different
refcounting.
The assumption that PG_reserved is the same for head and tail pages is
certainly correct for THP and regular hugepages, but gigantic hugepages
allocated through bootmem don't clear the PG_reserved on the tail pages
(the clearing of PG_reserved is done later only if the gigantic hugepage
is freed).
This patch corrects the gigantic compound page initialization so that we
can retain the optimization in 11feeb4980. The cacheline was already
modified in order to set PG_tail so this won't affect the boot time of
large memory systems.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak comment layout and grammar]
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reported-by: andy123 <ajs124.ajs124@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
zswap_tree is not freed when swapoff, and it got re-kmalloced in swapon,
so a memory leak occurs.
Free the memory of zswap_tree in zswap_frontswap_invalidate_area().
Signed-off-by: Weijie Yang <weijie.yang@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
From: Weijie Yang <weijie.yang@samsung.com>
Subject: mm/zswap: bugfix: memory leak when invalidate and reclaim occur concurrently
Consider the following scenario:
thread 0: reclaim entry x (get refcount, but not call zswap_get_swap_cache_page)
thread 1: call zswap_frontswap_invalidate_page to invalidate entry x.
finished, entry x and its zbud is not freed as its refcount != 0
now, the swap_map[x] = 0
thread 0: now call zswap_get_swap_cache_page
swapcache_prepare return -ENOENT because entry x is not used any more
zswap_get_swap_cache_page return ZSWAP_SWAPCACHE_NOMEM
zswap_writeback_entry do nothing except put refcount
Now, the memory of zswap_entry x and its zpage leak.
Modify:
- check the refcount in fail path, free memory if it is not referenced.
- use ZSWAP_SWAPCACHE_FAIL instead of ZSWAP_SWAPCACHE_NOMEM as the fail path
can be not only caused by nomem but also by invalidate.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Weijie Yang <weijie.yang@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Bob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Acked-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After acquiring the semlock spinlock, operations must test that the
array is still valid.
- semctl() and exit_sem() would walk stale linked lists (ugly, but
should be ok: all lists are empty)
- semtimedop() would sleep forever - and if woken up due to a signal -
access memory after free.
The patch also:
- standardizes the tests for .deleted, so that all tests in one
function leave the function with the same approach.
- unconditionally tests for .deleted immediately after every call to
sem_lock - even it it means that for semctl(GETALL), .deleted will be
tested twice.
Both changes make the review simpler: After every sem_lock, there must
be a test of .deleted, followed by a goto to the cleanup code (if the
function uses "goto cleanup").
The only exception is semctl_down(): If sem_ids().rwsem is locked, then
the presence in ids->ipcs_idr is equivalent to !.deleted, thus no
additional test is required.
Signed-off-by: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Acked-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The initial documentation was a bit incomplete, update accordingly.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: make it more readable in 80 columns]
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Acked-by: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
for_each_online_cpu() needs the protection of {get,put}_online_cpus() so
cpu_online_mask doesn't change during the iteration.
cpu_hotplug.lock is held while a cpu is going down, it's a coarse lock
that is used kernel-wide to synchronize cpu hotplug activity. Memcg has
a cpu hotplug notifier, called while there may not be any cpu hotplug
refcounts, which drains per-cpu event counts to memcg->nocpu_base.events
to maintain a cumulative event count as cpus disappear. Without
get_online_cpus() in mem_cgroup_read_events(), it's possible to account
for the event count on a dying cpu twice, and this value may be
significantly large.
In fact, all memcg->pcp_counter_lock use should be nested by
{get,put}_online_cpus().
This fixes that issue and ensures the reported statistics are not vastly
over-reported during cpu hotplug.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull device tree fixes and reverts from Grant Likely:
"One bug fix and three reverts. The reverts back out the slightly
controversial feeding the entire device tree into the random pool and
the reserved-memory binding which isn't fully baked yet. Expect the
reserved-memory patches at least to resurface for v3.13.
The bug fixes removes a scary but harmless warning on SPARC that was
introduced in the v3.12 merge window. v3.13 will contain a proper fix
that makes the new code work on SPARC.
On the plus side, the diffstat looks *awesome*. I love removing lines
of code"
* tag 'devicetree-for-linus' of git://git.secretlab.ca/git/linux:
Revert "drivers: of: add initialization code for dma reserved memory"
Revert "ARM: init: add support for reserved memory defined by device tree"
Revert "of: Feed entire flattened device tree into the random pool"
of: fix unnecessary warning on missing /cpus node
Pull DMA-mapping fix from Marek Szyprowski:
"A bugfix for the IOMMU-based implementation of dma-mapping subsystem
for ARM architecture"
* 'fixes-for-v3.12' of git://git.linaro.org/people/mszyprowski/linux-dma-mapping:
ARM: dma-mapping: Always pass proper prot flags to iommu_map()
Pull Xen fixes from Stefano Stabellini:
"A small fix for Xen on x86_32 and a build fix for xen-tpmfront on
arm64"
* tag 'stable/for-linus-3.12-rc4-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip:
xen: Fix possible user space selector corruption
tpm: xen-tpmfront: fix missing declaration of xen_domain
We use jump label to enable pv-spinlock. With the changes in (442e0973e9
Merge branch 'x86/jumplabel'), the jump label behaviour has changed
that would result in eventual hang of the VM since we would end up in a
situation where slow path locks would halt the vcpus but we will not be
able to wakeup the vcpu by lock releaser using unlock kick.
Similar problem in Xen and more detailed description is available in
a945928ea2 (xen: Do not enable spinlocks before jump_label_init()
has executed)
This patch splits kvm_spinlock_init to separate jump label changes with
pvops patching and also make jump label enabling after jump_label_init().
Signed-off-by: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
This reverts commit 9d8eab7af7. There is
still no consensus on the bindings for the reserved memory and various
drawbacks of the proposed solution has been shown, so the best now is to
revert it completely and start again from scratch later.
Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
This reverts commit 10bcdfb8ba. There is
no consensus on the bindings for the reserved memory, so the code for
handing it will be reverted.
Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
Pull vfio fix from Alex Williamson:
"Fix an incorrect break out of nested loop in iommu mapping code"
* tag 'vfio-v3.12-rc5' of git://github.com/awilliam/linux-vfio:
VFIO: vfio_iommu_type1: fix bug caused by break in nested loop
Pull infiniband updates from Roland Dreier:
"Last batch of IB changes for 3.12: many mlx5 hardware driver fixes
plus one trivial semicolon cleanup"
* tag 'rdma-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/roland/infiniband:
IB: Remove unnecessary semicolons
IB/mlx5: Ensure proper synchronization accessing memory
IB/mlx5: Fix alignment of reg umr gather buffers
IB/mlx5: Fix eq names to display nicely in /proc/interrupts
mlx5: Fix error code translation from firmware to driver
IB/mlx5: Fix opt param mask according to firmware spec
mlx5: Fix opt param mask for sq err to rts transition
IB/mlx5: Disable atomic operations
mlx5: Fix layout of struct mlx5_init_seg
mlx5: Keep polling to reclaim pages while any returned
IB/mlx5: Avoid async events on invalid port number
IB/mlx5: Decrease memory consumption of mr caches
mlx5: Remove checksum on command interface commands
IB/mlx5: Fix memory leak in mlx5_ib_create_srq
IB/mlx5: Flush cache workqueue before destroying it
IB/mlx5: Fix send work queue size calculation
Fengguang Wu
Matias Bjorling
Johannes Weiner
Felipe Pena
Doug Anderson
Andrea Arcangeli
Weijie Yang
Cyrill Gorcunov
Peter Oberparleiter
Joonsoo Kim
Andrew Vagin
Manfred Spraul
Davidlohr Bueso
David Rientjes
Linus Torvalds
Raghavendra K T
Marek Szyprowski