The functions for draining per-cpu pages back to buddy allocators
currently always operate on all zones. There are however several cases
where the drain is only needed in the context of a single zone, and
spilling other pcplists is a waste of time both due to the extra
spilling and later refilling.
This patch introduces new zone pointer parameter to drain_all_pages()
and changes the dummy parameter of drain_local_pages() to be also a zone
pointer. When NULL is passed, the functions operate on all zones as
usual. Passing a specific zone pointer reduces the work to the single
zone.
All callers are updated to pass the NULL pointer in this patch.
Conversion to single zone (where appropriate) is done in further
patches.
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch replaces printk(KERN_ERR..) with pr_err found under
shrink_slab. Thus it also reduces one line extra because of formatting.
Signed-off-by: Pintu Kumar <pintu.k@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
On cgroup deletion, outstanding page cache charges are moved to the parent
group so that they're not lost and can be reclaimed during pressure
on/inside said parent. But this reparenting is fairly tricky and its
synchroneous nature has led to several lock-ups in the past.
Since c2931b70a3 ("cgroup: iterate cgroup_subsys_states directly") css
iterators now also include offlined css, so memcg iterators can be changed
to include offlined children during reclaim of a group, and leftover cache
can just stay put.
There is a slight change of behavior in that charges of deleted groups no
longer show up as local charges in the parent. But they are still
included in the parent's hierarchical statistics.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As charges now pin the css explicitely, there is no more need for kmemcg
to acquire a proxy reference for outstanding pages during offlining, or
maintain state to identify such "dead" groups.
This was the last user of the uncharge functions' return values, so remove
them as well.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Charges currently pin the css indirectly by playing tricks during
css_offline(): user pages stall the offlining process until all of them
have been reparented, whereas kmemcg acquires a keep-alive reference if
outstanding kernel pages are detected at that point.
In preparation for removing all this complexity, make the pinning explicit
and acquire a css references for every charged page.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The memcg reclaim iterators use a complicated weak reference scheme to
prevent pinning cgroups indefinitely in the absence of memory pressure.
However, during the ongoing cgroup core rework, css lifetime has been
decoupled such that a pinned css no longer interferes with removal of
the user-visible cgroup, and all this complexity is now unnecessary.
[mhocko@suse.cz: ensure that the cached reference is always released]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
All memory accounting and limiting has been switched over to the
lockless page counters. Bye, res_counter!
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: update Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt]
[mhocko@suse.cz: ditch the last remainings of res_counter]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Paul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Memory is internally accounted in bytes, using spinlock-protected 64-bit
counters, even though the smallest accounting delta is a page. The
counter interface is also convoluted and does too many things.
Introduce a new lockless word-sized page counter API, then change all
memory accounting over to it. The translation from and to bytes then only
happens when interfacing with userspace.
The removed locking overhead is noticable when scaling beyond the per-cpu
charge caches - on a 4-socket machine with 144-threads, the following test
shows the performance differences of 288 memcgs concurrently running a
page fault benchmark:
vanilla:
18631648.500498 task-clock (msec) # 140.643 CPUs utilized ( +- 0.33% )
1,380,638 context-switches # 0.074 K/sec ( +- 0.75% )
24,390 cpu-migrations # 0.001 K/sec ( +- 8.44% )
1,843,305,768 page-faults # 0.099 M/sec ( +- 0.00% )
50,134,994,088,218 cycles # 2.691 GHz ( +- 0.33% )
<not supported> stalled-cycles-frontend
<not supported> stalled-cycles-backend
8,049,712,224,651 instructions # 0.16 insns per cycle ( +- 0.04% )
1,586,970,584,979 branches # 85.176 M/sec ( +- 0.05% )
1,724,989,949 branch-misses # 0.11% of all branches ( +- 0.48% )
132.474343877 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.21% )
lockless:
12195979.037525 task-clock (msec) # 133.480 CPUs utilized ( +- 0.18% )
832,850 context-switches # 0.068 K/sec ( +- 0.54% )
15,624 cpu-migrations # 0.001 K/sec ( +- 10.17% )
1,843,304,774 page-faults # 0.151 M/sec ( +- 0.00% )
32,811,216,801,141 cycles # 2.690 GHz ( +- 0.18% )
<not supported> stalled-cycles-frontend
<not supported> stalled-cycles-backend
9,999,265,091,727 instructions # 0.30 insns per cycle ( +- 0.10% )
2,076,759,325,203 branches # 170.282 M/sec ( +- 0.12% )
1,656,917,214 branch-misses # 0.08% of all branches ( +- 0.55% )
91.369330729 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.45% )
On top of improved scalability, this also gets rid of the icky long long
types in the very heart of memcg, which is great for 32 bit and also makes
the code a lot more readable.
Notable differences between the old and new API:
- res_counter_charge() and res_counter_charge_nofail() become
page_counter_try_charge() and page_counter_charge() resp. to match
the more common kernel naming scheme of try_do()/do()
- res_counter_uncharge_until() is only ever used to cancel a local
counter and never to uncharge bigger segments of a hierarchy, so
it's replaced by the simpler page_counter_cancel()
- res_counter_set_limit() is replaced by page_counter_limit(), which
expects its callers to serialize against themselves
- res_counter_memparse_write_strategy() is replaced by
page_counter_limit(), which rounds down to the nearest page size -
rather than up. This is more reasonable for explicitely requested
hard upper limits.
- to keep charging light-weight, page_counter_try_charge() charges
speculatively, only to roll back if the result exceeds the limit.
Because of this, a failing bigger charge can temporarily lock out
smaller charges that would otherwise succeed. The error is bounded
to the difference between the smallest and the biggest possible
charge size, so for memcg, this means that a failing THP charge can
send base page charges into reclaim upto 2MB (4MB) before the limit
would have been reached. This should be acceptable.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add includes for WARN_ON_ONCE and memparse]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add includes for WARN_ON_ONCE, memparse, strncmp, and PAGE_SIZE]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Adding __printf(3, 4) to slab_err exposed following:
mm/slub.c: In function `check_slab':
mm/slub.c:852:4: warning: format `%u' expects argument of type `unsigned int', but argument 4 has type `const char *' [-Wformat=]
s->name, page->objects, maxobj);
^
mm/slub.c:852:4: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
mm/slub.c:857:4: warning: format `%u' expects argument of type `unsigned int', but argument 4 has type `const char *' [-Wformat=]
s->name, page->inuse, page->objects);
^
mm/slub.c:857:4: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
mm/slub.c: In function `on_freelist':
mm/slub.c:905:4: warning: format `%d' expects argument of type `int', but argument 5 has type `long unsigned int' [-Wformat=]
"should be %d", page->objects, max_objects);
Fix first two warnings by removing redundant s->name.
Fix the last by changing type of max_object from unsigned long to int.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Unlike SLUB, sometimes, object isn't started at the beginning of the slab
in the SLAB. This causes the unalignment problem when after slab merging
is supported by commit 12220dea07 ("mm/slab: support slab merge").
Alignment mismatch check is introduced ("mm/slab: fix unalignment problem
on Malta with EVA due to slab merge") to prevent merge in this case.
This causes undesirable result that merging happens between infrequently
used kmem_caches if there are kmem_caches with same size and is 256 bytes,
are merged into pool_workqueue rather than kmalloc-256, because
kmem_caches for kmalloc are at the tail of the list.
To prevent this situation, this patch reverses iteration order in
find_mergeable() to find frequently used kmem_caches. This change helps
to merge kmem_cache to frequently used kmem_caches, such as kmalloc
kmem_caches.
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently we print the slabinfo header in the seq start method, which
makes it unusable for showing leaks, so we have leaks_show, which does
practically the same as s_show except it doesn't show the header.
However, we can print the header in the seq show method - we only need
to check if the current element is the first on the list. This will
allow us to use the same set of seq iterators for both leaks and
slabinfo reporting, which is nice.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
At one place we assign major number we found to ret. That assignment is
then never used and actually doesn't make any sense given how the code is
currently structured (the assignment comes from pre-git times). Just
remove it.
Coverity id: 1226852.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Do not set the filesystem readonly if the storage link is down. In this
case, metadata is not corrupted and only -EIO is returned. And if it is
indeed corrupted metadata, it has already called ocfs2_error() in
ocfs2_validate_inode_block().
Signed-off-by: Yiwen Jiang <jiangyiwen@huawei.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
ocfs2_readpages() use nonblocking flag to avoid page lock inversion. It
will trigger cluster hang because that flag OCFS2_LOCK_UPCONVERT_FINISHING
is not cleared if nonblocking lock cannot be granted at once. The flag
would prevent dc thread from downconverting. So other nodes cannot
acheive this lockres for ever.
So we should not set OCFS2_LOCK_UPCONVERT_FINISHING when receiving ast if
nonblocking lock had already returned.
Signed-off-by: joyce.xue <xuejiufei@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Error handling if creation of root of debugfs in ocfs2_init() fails is
broken. Although error code is set we fail to exit ocfs2_init() with
error and thus initialization ends with success. Later when mounting a
filesystem, ocfs2 debugfs entries end up being created in the root of
debugfs filesystem which is confusing.
Fix the error handling to bail out.
Coverity id: 1227009.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@huawei.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Filesize is not a good indication that the file needs to be synced.
An example where this breaks is:
1. Open the file in O_SYNC|O_RDWR
2. Read a small portion of the file (say 64 bytes)
3. Lseek to starting of the file
4. Write 64 bytes
If the node crashes, it is not written out to disk because this was not
committed in the journal and the other node which reads the file after
recovery reads stale data (even if the write on the other node was
successful)
Signed-off-by: Goldwyn Rodrigues <rgoldwyn@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.de>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Vlastimil Babka
Pintu Kumar
Anton Blanchard
Johannes Weiner
Pranith Kumar
Andrew Morton
Andrey Ryabinin
Joonsoo Kim
Vladimir Davydov
LQYMGT
Jan Kara
Dan Carpenter
jiangyiwen
Xue jiufei
Goldwyn Rodrigues