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Steve French
2006-06-25 15:57:32 +00:00
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commit bbe5d235ee
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Documentation/ABI/README
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This directory attempts to document the ABI between the Linux kernel and
userspace, and the relative stability of these interfaces. Due to the
everchanging nature of Linux, and the differing maturity levels, these
interfaces should be used by userspace programs in different ways.
We have four different levels of ABI stability, as shown by the four
different subdirectories in this location. Interfaces may change levels
of stability according to the rules described below.
The different levels of stability are:
stable/
This directory documents the interfaces that the developer has
defined to be stable. Userspace programs are free to use these
interfaces with no restrictions, and backward compatibility for
them will be guaranteed for at least 2 years. Most interfaces
(like syscalls) are expected to never change and always be
available.
testing/
This directory documents interfaces that are felt to be stable,
as the main development of this interface has been completed.
The interface can be changed to add new features, but the
current interface will not break by doing this, unless grave
errors or security problems are found in them. Userspace
programs can start to rely on these interfaces, but they must be
aware of changes that can occur before these interfaces move to
be marked stable. Programs that use these interfaces are
strongly encouraged to add their name to the description of
these interfaces, so that the kernel developers can easily
notify them if any changes occur (see the description of the
layout of the files below for details on how to do this.)
obsolete/
This directory documents interfaces that are still remaining in
the kernel, but are marked to be removed at some later point in
time. The description of the interface will document the reason
why it is obsolete and when it can be expected to be removed.
The file Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt may describe
some of these interfaces, giving a schedule for when they will
be removed.
removed/
This directory contains a list of the old interfaces that have
been removed from the kernel.
Every file in these directories will contain the following information:
What: Short description of the interface
Date: Date created
KernelVersion: Kernel version this feature first showed up in.
Contact: Primary contact for this interface (may be a mailing list)
Description: Long description of the interface and how to use it.
Users: All users of this interface who wish to be notified when
it changes. This is very important for interfaces in
the "testing" stage, so that kernel developers can work
with userspace developers to ensure that things do not
break in ways that are unacceptable. It is also
important to get feedback for these interfaces to make
sure they are working in a proper way and do not need to
be changed further.
How things move between levels:
Interfaces in stable may move to obsolete, as long as the proper
notification is given.
Interfaces may be removed from obsolete and the kernel as long as the
documented amount of time has gone by.
Interfaces in the testing state can move to the stable state when the
developers feel they are finished. They cannot be removed from the
kernel tree without going through the obsolete state first.
It's up to the developer to place their interfaces in the category they
wish for it to start out in.
Documentation/ABI/obsolete/devfs
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What: devfs
Date: July 2005
Contact: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Description:
devfs has been unmaintained for a number of years, has unfixable
races, contains a naming policy within the kernel that is
against the LSB, and can be replaced by using udev.
The files fs/devfs/*, include/linux/devfs_fs*.h will be removed,
along with the the assorted devfs function calls throughout the
kernel tree.
Users:
Documentation/ABI/stable/syscalls
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@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
What: The kernel syscall interface
Description:
This interface matches much of the POSIX interface and is based
on it and other Unix based interfaces. It will only be added to
over time, and not have things removed from it.
Note that this interface is different for every architecture
that Linux supports. Please see the architecture-specific
documentation for details on the syscall numbers that are to be
mapped to each syscall.
Documentation/ABI/stable/sysfs-module
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@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
What: /sys/module
Description:
The /sys/module tree consists of the following structure:
/sys/module/MODULENAME
The name of the module that is in the kernel. This
module name will show up either if the module is built
directly into the kernel, or if it is loaded as a
dyanmic module.
/sys/module/MODULENAME/parameters
This directory contains individual files that are each
individual parameters of the module that are able to be
changed at runtime. See the individual module
documentation as to the contents of these parameters and
what they accomplish.
Note: The individual parameter names and values are not
considered stable, only the fact that they will be
placed in this location within sysfs. See the
individual driver documentation for details as to the
stability of the different parameters.
/sys/module/MODULENAME/refcnt
If the module is able to be unloaded from the kernel, this file
will contain the current reference count of the module.
Note: If the module is built into the kernel, or if the
CONFIG_MODULE_UNLOAD kernel configuration value is not enabled,
this file will not be present.
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class
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What: /sys/class/
Date: Febuary 2006
Contact: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Description:
The /sys/class directory will consist of a group of
subdirectories describing individual classes of devices
in the kernel. The individual directories will consist
of either subdirectories, or symlinks to other
directories.
All programs that use this directory tree must be able
to handle both subdirectories or symlinks in order to
work properly.
Users:
udev <linux-hotplug-devel@lists.sourceforge.net>
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-devices
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What: /sys/devices
Date: February 2006
Contact: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Description:
The /sys/devices tree contains a snapshot of the
internal state of the kernel device tree. Devices will
be added and removed dynamically as the machine runs,
and between different kernel versions, the layout of the
devices within this tree will change.
Please do not rely on the format of this tree because of
this. If a program wishes to find different things in
the tree, please use the /sys/class structure and rely
on the symlinks there to point to the proper location
within the /sys/devices tree of the individual devices.
Or rely on the uevent messages to notify programs of
devices being added and removed from this tree to find
the location of those devices.
Note that sometimes not all devices along the directory
chain will have emitted uevent messages, so userspace
programs must be able to handle such occurrences.
Users:
udev <linux-hotplug-devel@lists.sourceforge.net>
Documentation/CodingStyle
+88 -12
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@@ -155,7 +155,83 @@ problem, which is called the function-growth-hormone-imbalance syndrome.
See next chapter.
Chapter 5: Functions
Chapter 5: Typedefs
Please don't use things like "vps_t".
It's a _mistake_ to use typedef for structures and pointers. When you see a
vps_t a;
in the source, what does it mean?
In contrast, if it says
struct virtual_container *a;
you can actually tell what "a" is.
Lots of people think that typedefs "help readability". Not so. They are
useful only for:
(a) totally opaque objects (where the typedef is actively used to _hide_
what the object is).
Example: "pte_t" etc. opaque objects that you can only access using
the proper accessor functions.
NOTE! Opaqueness and "accessor functions" are not good in themselves.
The reason we have them for things like pte_t etc. is that there
really is absolutely _zero_ portably accessible information there.
(b) Clear integer types, where the abstraction _helps_ avoid confusion
whether it is "int" or "long".
u8/u16/u32 are perfectly fine typedefs, although they fit into
category (d) better than here.
NOTE! Again - there needs to be a _reason_ for this. If something is
"unsigned long", then there's no reason to do
typedef unsigned long myflags_t;
but if there is a clear reason for why it under certain circumstances
might be an "unsigned int" and under other configurations might be
"unsigned long", then by all means go ahead and use a typedef.
(c) when you use sparse to literally create a _new_ type for
type-checking.
(d) New types which are identical to standard C99 types, in certain
exceptional circumstances.
Although it would only take a short amount of time for the eyes and
brain to become accustomed to the standard types like 'uint32_t',
some people object to their use anyway.
Therefore, the Linux-specific 'u8/u16/u32/u64' types and their
signed equivalents which are identical to standard types are
permitted -- although they are not mandatory in new code of your
own.
When editing existing code which already uses one or the other set
of types, you should conform to the existing choices in that code.
(e) Types safe for use in userspace.
In certain structures which are visible to userspace, we cannot
require C99 types and cannot use the 'u32' form above. Thus, we
use __u32 and similar types in all structures which are shared
with userspace.
Maybe there are other cases too, but the rule should basically be to NEVER
EVER use a typedef unless you can clearly match one of those rules.
In general, a pointer, or a struct that has elements that can reasonably
be directly accessed should _never_ be a typedef.
Chapter 6: Functions
Functions should be short and sweet, and do just one thing. They should
fit on one or two screenfuls of text (the ISO/ANSI screen size is 80x24,
@@ -183,7 +259,7 @@ and it gets confused. You know you're brilliant, but maybe you'd like
to understand what you did 2 weeks from now.
Chapter 6: Centralized exiting of functions
Chapter 7: Centralized exiting of functions
Albeit deprecated by some people, the equivalent of the goto statement is
used frequently by compilers in form of the unconditional jump instruction.
@@ -220,7 +296,7 @@ out:
return result;
}
Chapter 7: Commenting
Chapter 8: Commenting
Comments are good, but there is also a danger of over-commenting. NEVER
try to explain HOW your code works in a comment: it's much better to
@@ -240,7 +316,7 @@ When commenting the kernel API functions, please use the kerneldoc format.
See the files Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt and scripts/kernel-doc
for details.
Chapter 8: You've made a mess of it
Chapter 9: You've made a mess of it
That's OK, we all do. You've probably been told by your long-time Unix
user helper that "GNU emacs" automatically formats the C sources for
@@ -288,7 +364,7 @@ re-formatting you may want to take a look at the man page. But
remember: "indent" is not a fix for bad programming.
Chapter 9: Configuration-files
Chapter 10: Configuration-files
For configuration options (arch/xxx/Kconfig, and all the Kconfig files),
somewhat different indentation is used.
@@ -313,7 +389,7 @@ support for file-systems, for instance) should be denoted (DANGEROUS), other
experimental options should be denoted (EXPERIMENTAL).
Chapter 10: Data structures
Chapter 11: Data structures
Data structures that have visibility outside the single-threaded
environment they are created and destroyed in should always have
@@ -344,7 +420,7 @@ Remember: if another thread can find your data structure, and you don't
have a reference count on it, you almost certainly have a bug.
Chapter 11: Macros, Enums and RTL
Chapter 12: Macros, Enums and RTL
Names of macros defining constants and labels in enums are capitalized.
@@ -399,7 +475,7 @@ The cpp manual deals with macros exhaustively. The gcc internals manual also
covers RTL which is used frequently with assembly language in the kernel.
Chapter 12: Printing kernel messages
Chapter 13: Printing kernel messages
Kernel developers like to be seen as literate. Do mind the spelling
of kernel messages to make a good impression. Do not use crippled
@@ -410,7 +486,7 @@ Kernel messages do not have to be terminated with a period.
Printing numbers in parentheses (%d) adds no value and should be avoided.
Chapter 13: Allocating memory
Chapter 14: Allocating memory
The kernel provides the following general purpose memory allocators:
kmalloc(), kzalloc(), kcalloc(), and vmalloc(). Please refer to the API
@@ -429,7 +505,7 @@ from void pointer to any other pointer type is guaranteed by the C programming
language.
Chapter 14: The inline disease
Chapter 15: The inline disease
There appears to be a common misperception that gcc has a magic "make me
faster" speedup option called "inline". While the use of inlines can be
@@ -457,7 +533,7 @@ something it would have done anyway.
Chapter 15: References
Appendix I: References
The C Programming Language, Second Edition
by Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie.
@@ -481,4 +557,4 @@ Kernel CodingStyle, by greg@kroah.com at OLS 2002:
http://www.kroah.com/linux/talks/ols_2002_kernel_codingstyle_talk/html/
--
Last updated on 30 December 2005 by a community effort on LKML.
Last updated on 30 April 2006.
Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl
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@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ X!Ilib/string.c
<chapter id="mm">
<title>Memory Management in Linux</title>
<sect1><title>The Slab Cache</title>
!Iinclude/linux/slab.h
!Emm/slab.c
</sect1>
<sect1><title>User Space Memory Access</title>
@@ -331,6 +332,18 @@ X!Earch/i386/kernel/mca.c
!Esecurity/security.c
</chapter>
<chapter id="audit">
<title>Audit Interfaces</title>
!Ekernel/audit.c
!Ikernel/auditsc.c
!Ikernel/auditfilter.c
</chapter>
<chapter id="accounting">
<title>Accounting Framework</title>
!Ikernel/acct.c
</chapter>
<chapter id="pmfuncs">
<title>Power Management</title>
!Ekernel/power/pm.c
Documentation/DocBook/libata.tmpl
+80 -24
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@@ -169,6 +169,22 @@ void (*tf_read) (struct ata_port *ap, struct ata_taskfile *tf);
</sect2>
<sect2><title>PIO data read/write</title>
<programlisting>
void (*data_xfer) (struct ata_device *, unsigned char *, unsigned int, int);
</programlisting>
<para>
All bmdma-style drivers must implement this hook. This is the low-level
operation that actually copies the data bytes during a PIO data
transfer.
Typically the driver
will choose one of ata_pio_data_xfer_noirq(), ata_pio_data_xfer(), or
ata_mmio_data_xfer().
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2><title>ATA command execute</title>
<programlisting>
void (*exec_command)(struct ata_port *ap, struct ata_taskfile *tf);
@@ -204,11 +220,10 @@ command.
<programlisting>
u8 (*check_status)(struct ata_port *ap);
u8 (*check_altstatus)(struct ata_port *ap);
u8 (*check_err)(struct ata_port *ap);
</programlisting>
<para>
Reads the Status/AltStatus/Error ATA shadow register from
Reads the Status/AltStatus ATA shadow register from
hardware. On some hardware, reading the Status register has
the side effect of clearing the interrupt condition.
Most drivers for taskfile-based hardware use
@@ -269,23 +284,6 @@ void (*set_mode) (struct ata_port *ap);
</sect2>
<sect2><title>Reset ATA bus</title>
<programlisting>
void (*phy_reset) (struct ata_port *ap);
</programlisting>
<para>
The very first step in the probe phase. Actions vary depending
on the bus type, typically. After waking up the device and probing
for device presence (PATA and SATA), typically a soft reset
(SRST) will be performed. Drivers typically use the helper
functions ata_bus_reset() or sata_phy_reset() for this hook.
Many SATA drivers use sata_phy_reset() or call it from within
their own phy_reset() functions.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2><title>Control PCI IDE BMDMA engine</title>
<programlisting>
void (*bmdma_setup) (struct ata_queued_cmd *qc);
@@ -354,16 +352,74 @@ int (*qc_issue) (struct ata_queued_cmd *qc);
</sect2>
<sect2><title>Timeout (error) handling</title>
<sect2><title>Exception and probe handling (EH)</title>
<programlisting>
void (*eng_timeout) (struct ata_port *ap);
void (*phy_reset) (struct ata_port *ap);
</programlisting>
<para>
This is a high level error handling function, called from the
error handling thread, when a command times out. Most newer
hardware will implement its own error handling code here. IDE BMDMA
drivers may use the helper function ata_eng_timeout().
Deprecated. Use ->error_handler() instead.
</para>
<programlisting>
void (*freeze) (struct ata_port *ap);
void (*thaw) (struct ata_port *ap);
</programlisting>
<para>
ata_port_freeze() is called when HSM violations or some other
condition disrupts normal operation of the port. A frozen port
is not allowed to perform any operation until the port is
thawed, which usually follows a successful reset.
</para>
<para>
The optional ->freeze() callback can be used for freezing the port
hardware-wise (e.g. mask interrupt and stop DMA engine). If a
port cannot be frozen hardware-wise, the interrupt handler
must ack and clear interrupts unconditionally while the port
is frozen.
</para>
<para>
The optional ->thaw() callback is called to perform the opposite of ->freeze():
prepare the port for normal operation once again. Unmask interrupts,
start DMA engine, etc.
</para>
<programlisting>
void (*error_handler) (struct ata_port *ap);
</programlisting>
<para>
->error_handler() is a driver's hook into probe, hotplug, and recovery
and other exceptional conditions. The primary responsibility of an
implementation is to call ata_do_eh() or ata_bmdma_drive_eh() with a set
of EH hooks as arguments:
</para>
<para>
'prereset' hook (may be NULL) is called during an EH reset, before any other actions
are taken.
</para>
<para>
'postreset' hook (may be NULL) is called after the EH reset is performed. Based on
existing conditions, severity of the problem, and hardware capabilities,
</para>
<para>
Either 'softreset' (may be NULL) or 'hardreset' (may be NULL) will be
called to perform the low-level EH reset.
</para>
<programlisting>
void (*post_internal_cmd) (struct ata_queued_cmd *qc);
</programlisting>
<para>
Perform any hardware-specific actions necessary to finish processing
after executing a probe-time or EH-time command via ata_exec_internal().
</para>
</sect2>
Documentation/RCU/whatisRCU.txt
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@@ -790,7 +790,6 @@ RCU pointer update:
RCU grace period:
synchronize_kernel (deprecated)
synchronize_net
synchronize_sched
synchronize_rcu
Documentation/SubmitChecklist
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@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
Linux Kernel patch sumbittal checklist
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Here are some basic things that developers should do if they
want to see their kernel patch submittals accepted quicker.
These are all above and beyond the documentation that is provided
in Documentation/SubmittingPatches and elsewhere about submitting
Linux kernel patches.
- Builds cleanly with applicable or modified CONFIG options =y, =m, and =n.
No gcc warnings/errors, no linker warnings/errors.
- Passes allnoconfig, allmodconfig
- Builds on multiple CPU arch-es by using local cross-compile tools
or something like PLM at OSDL.
- ppc64 is a good architecture for cross-compilation checking because it
tends to use `unsigned long' for 64-bit quantities.
- Matches kernel coding style(!)
- Any new or modified CONFIG options don't muck up the config menu.
- All new Kconfig options have help text.
- Has been carefully reviewed with respect to relevant Kconfig
combinations. This is very hard to get right with testing --
brainpower pays off here.
- Check cleanly with sparse.
- Use 'make checkstack' and 'make namespacecheck' and fix any
problems that they find. Note: checkstack does not point out
problems explicitly, but any one function that uses more than
512 bytes on the stack is a candidate for change.
- Include kernel-doc to document global kernel APIs. (Not required
for static functions, but OK there also.) Use 'make htmldocs'
or 'make mandocs' to check the kernel-doc and fix any issues.
- Has been tested with CONFIG_PREEMPT, CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT,
CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB, CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, CONFIG_DEBUG_MUTEXES,
CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK, CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK_SLEEP all simultaneously
enabled.
- Has been build- and runtime tested with and without CONFIG_SMP and
CONFIG_PREEMPT.
- If the patch affects IO/Disk, etc: has been tested with and without
CONFIG_LBD.
2006-APR-27
Documentation/arm/Sharp-LH/ADC-LH7-Touchscreen
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@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
README on the ADC/Touchscreen Controller
========================================
The LH79524 and LH7A404 include a built-in Analog to Digital
controller (ADC) that is used to process input from a touchscreen.
The driver only implements a four-wire touch panel protocol.
The touchscreen driver is maintenance free except for the pen-down or
touch threshold. Some resistive displays and board combinations may
require tuning of this threshold. The driver exposes some of it's
internal state in the sys filesystem. If the kernel is configured
with it, CONFIG_SYSFS, and sysfs is mounted at /sys, there will be a
directory
/sys/devices/platform/adc-lh7.0
containing these files.
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Jan 1 00:00 samples
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Jan 1 00:00 threshold
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Jan 1 00:00 threshold_range
The threshold is the current touch threshold. It defaults to 750 on
most targets.
# cat threshold
750
The threshold_range contains the range of valid values for the
threshold. Values outside of this range will be silently ignored.
# cat threshold_range
0 1023
To change the threshold, write a value to the threshold file.
# echo 500 > threshold
# cat threshold
500
The samples file contains the most recently sampled values from the
ADC. There are 12. Below are typical of the last sampled values when
the pen has been released. The first two and last two samples are for
detecting whether or not the pen is down. The third through sixth are
X coordinate samples. The seventh through tenth are Y coordinate
samples.
# cat samples
1023 1023 0 0 0 0 530 529 530 529 1023 1023
To determine a reasonable threshold, press on the touch panel with an
appropriate stylus and read the values from samples.
# cat samples
1023 676 92 103 101 102 855 919 922 922 1023 679
The first and eleventh samples are discarded. Thus, the important
values are the second and twelfth which are used to determine if the
pen is down. When both are below the threshold, the driver registers
that the pen is down. When either is above the threshold, it
registers then pen is up.
Documentation/arm/Sharp-LH/LCDPanels
+59
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@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
README on the LCD Panels
========================
Configuration options for several LCD panels, available from Logic PD,
are included in the kernel source. This README will help you
understand the configuration data and give you some guidance for
adding support for other panels if you wish.
lcd-panels.h
------------
There is no way, at present, to detect which panel is attached to the
system at runtime. Thus the kernel configuration is static. The file
arch/arm/mach-ld7a40x/lcd-panels.h (or similar) defines all of the
panel specific parameters.
It should be possible for this data to be shared among several device
families. The current layout may be insufficiently general, but it is
amenable to improvement.
PIXEL_CLOCK
-----------
The panel data sheets will give a range of acceptable pixel clocks.
The fundamental LCDCLK input frequency is divided down by a PCD
constant in field '.tim2'. It may happen that it is impossible to set
the pixel clock within this range. A clock which is too slow will
tend to flicker. For the highest quality image, set the clock as high
as possible.
MARGINS
-------
These values may be difficult to glean from the panel data sheet. In
the case of the Sharp panels, the upper margin is explicitly called
out as a specific number of lines from the top of the frame. The
other values may not matter as much as the panels tend to
automatically center the image.
Sync Sense
----------
The sense of the hsync and vsync pulses may be called out in the data
sheet. On one panel, the sense of these pulses determine the height
of the visible region on the panel. Most of the Sharp panels use
negative sense sync pulses set by the TIM2_IHS and TIM2_IVS bits in
'.tim2'.
Pel Layout
----------
The Sharp color TFT panels are all configured for 16 bit direct color
modes. The amba-lcd driver sets the pel mode to 565 for 5 bits of
each red and blue and 6 bits of green.
Documentation/devices.txt
+111 -24
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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
Maintained by Torben Mathiasen <device@lanana.org>
Last revised: 25 January 2005
Last revised: 01 March 2006
This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated
device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating
@@ -94,7 +94,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.
10 = /dev/aio Asyncronous I/O notification interface
11 = /dev/kmsg Writes to this come out as printk's
12 = /dev/oldmem Access to crash dump from kexec kernel
1 block RAM disk
0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk
1 = /dev/ram1 Second RAM disk
@@ -262,13 +261,13 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
7 block Loopback devices
0 = /dev/loop0 First loopback device
1 = /dev/loop1 Second loopback device
0 = /dev/loop0 First loop device
1 = /dev/loop1 Second loop device
...
The loopback devices are used to mount filesystems not
The loop devices are used to mount filesystems not
associated with block devices. The binding to the
loopback devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
loop devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
8 block SCSI disk devices (0-15)
0 = /dev/sda First SCSI disk whole disk
@@ -943,7 +942,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
disks (see major number 3) expect that the partition
disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
45 char isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
@@ -1168,7 +1167,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
The filename of the encrypted container and the passwords
are sent via ioctls (using the sdmount tool) to the master
node which then activates them via one of the
/dev/scramdisk/x nodes for loopback mounting (all handled
/dev/scramdisk/x nodes for loop mounting (all handled
through the sdmount tool).
Requested by: andy@scramdisklinux.org
@@ -2538,18 +2537,32 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
0 = /dev/usb/lp0 First USB printer
...
15 = /dev/usb/lp15 16th USB printer
16 = /dev/usb/mouse0 First USB mouse
...
31 = /dev/usb/mouse15 16th USB mouse
32 = /dev/usb/ez0 First USB firmware loader
...
47 = /dev/usb/ez15 16th USB firmware loader
48 = /dev/usb/scanner0 First USB scanner
...
63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
64 = /dev/usb/rio500 Diamond Rio 500
65 = /dev/usb/usblcd USBLCD Interface (info@usblcd.de)
66 = /dev/usb/cpad0 Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD)
96 = /dev/usb/hiddev0 1st USB HID device
...
111 = /dev/usb/hiddev15 16th USB HID device
112 = /dev/usb/auer0 1st auerswald ISDN device
...
127 = /dev/usb/auer15 16th auerswald ISDN device
128 = /dev/usb/brlvgr0 First Braille Voyager device
...
131 = /dev/usb/brlvgr3 Fourth Braille Voyager device
132 = /dev/usb/idmouse ID Mouse (fingerprint scanner) device
133 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga1 First SiSUSB VGA device
...
140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8 Eigth SISUSB VGA device
144 = /dev/usb/lcd USB LCD device
160 = /dev/usb/legousbtower0 1st USB Legotower device
...
175 = /dev/usb/legousbtower15 16th USB Legotower device
240 = /dev/usb/dabusb0 First daubusb device
...
243 = /dev/usb/dabusb3 Fourth dabusb device
180 block USB block devices
0 = /dev/uba First USB block device
@@ -2710,6 +2723,17 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
1 = /dev/cpu/1/msr MSRs on CPU 1
...
202 block Xen Virtual Block Device
0 = /dev/xvda First Xen VBD whole disk
16 = /dev/xvdb Second Xen VBD whole disk
32 = /dev/xvdc Third Xen VBD whole disk
...
240 = /dev/xvdp Sixteenth Xen VBD whole disk
Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
partitions is 15.
203 char CPU CPUID information
0 = /dev/cpu/0/cpuid CPUID on CPU 0
1 = /dev/cpu/1/cpuid CPUID on CPU 1
@@ -2747,11 +2771,26 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
46 = /dev/ttyCPM0 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 0
...
47 = /dev/ttyCPM5 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 5
50 = /dev/ttyIOC40 Altix serial card
50 = /dev/ttyIOC0 Altix serial card
...
81 = /dev/ttyIOC431 Altix serial card
82 = /dev/ttyVR0 NEC VR4100 series SIU
83 = /dev/ttyVR1 NEC VR4100 series DSIU
81 = /dev/ttyIOC31 Altix serial card
82 = /dev/ttyVR0 NEC VR4100 series SIU
83 = /dev/ttyVR1 NEC VR4100 series DSIU
84 = /dev/ttyIOC84 Altix ioc4 serial card
...
115 = /dev/ttyIOC115 Altix ioc4 serial card
116 = /dev/ttySIOC0 Altix ioc3 serial card
...
147 = /dev/ttySIOC31 Altix ioc3 serial card
148 = /dev/ttyPSC0 PPC PSC - port 0
...
153 = /dev/ttyPSC5 PPC PSC - port 5
154 = /dev/ttyAT0 ATMEL serial port 0
...
169 = /dev/ttyAT15 ATMEL serial port 15
170 = /dev/ttyNX0 Hilscher netX serial port 0
...
185 = /dev/ttyNX15 Hilscher netX serial port 15
205 char Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
0 = /dev/culu0 Callout device for ttyLU0
@@ -2786,8 +2825,8 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
50 = /dev/cuioc40 Callout device for ttyIOC40
...
81 = /dev/cuioc431 Callout device for ttyIOC431
82 = /dev/cuvr0 Callout device for ttyVR0
83 = /dev/cuvr1 Callout device for ttyVR1
82 = /dev/cuvr0 Callout device for ttyVR0
83 = /dev/cuvr1 Callout device for ttyVR1
206 char OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
@@ -2897,7 +2936,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
...
196 = /dev/dvb/adapter3/video0 first video decoder of fourth card
216 char Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices
0 = /dev/rfcomm0 First Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
1 = /dev/rfcomm1 Second Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
@@ -3002,12 +3040,43 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
the device used to access it.
231 char InfiniBand MAD
231 char InfiniBand
0 = /dev/infiniband/umad0
1 = /dev/infiniband/umad1
...
...
63 = /dev/infiniband/umad63 63rd InfiniBandMad device
64 = /dev/infiniband/issm0 First InfiniBand IsSM device
65 = /dev/infiniband/issm1 Second InfiniBand IsSM device
...
127 = /dev/infiniband/issm63 63rd InfiniBand IsSM device
128 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs0 First InfiniBand verbs device
129 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs1 Second InfiniBand verbs device
...
159 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs31 31st InfiniBand verbs device
232-239 UNASSIGNED
232 char Biometric Devices
0 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on first device
1 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/iris first iris sensor on first device
2 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/retina first retina sensor on first device
3 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/voiceprint first voiceprint sensor on first device
4 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/facial first facial sensor on first device
5 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/hand first hand sensor on first device
...
10 = /dev/biometric/sensor1/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on second device
...
20 = /dev/biometric/sensor2/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on third device
...
233 char PathScale InfiniPath interconnect
0 = /dev/ipath Primary device for programs (any unit)
1 = /dev/ipath0 Access specifically to unit 0
2 = /dev/ipath1 Access specifically to unit 1
...
4 = /dev/ipath3 Access specifically to unit 3
129 = /dev/ipath_sma Device used by Subnet Management Agent
130 = /dev/ipath_diag Device used by diagnostics programs
234-239 UNASSIGNED
240-254 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
240-254 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
@@ -3021,6 +3090,24 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
larger number space. No device nodes with this major
should ever be created on the filesystem.
(This is probaly not true anymore, but I'll leave it
for now /Torben)
---LARGE MAJORS!!!!!---
256 char Equinox SST multi-port serial boards
0 = /dev/ttyEQ0 First serial port on first Equinox SST board
127 = /dev/ttyEQ127 Last serial port on first Equinox SST board
128 = /dev/ttyEQ128 First serial port on second Equinox SST board
...
1027 = /dev/ttyEQ1027 Last serial port on eighth Equinox SST board
256 block Resident Flash Disk Flash Translation Layer
0 = /dev/rfda First RFD FTL layer
16 = /dev/rfdb Second RFD FTL layer
...
240 = /dev/rfdp 16th RFD FTL layer
**** ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES
Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
+2 -17
View File
@@ -33,27 +33,12 @@ Who: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
---------------------------
What: RCU API moves to EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL
When: April 2006
Files: include/linux/rcupdate.h, kernel/rcupdate.c
Why: Outside of Linux, the only implementations of anything even
vaguely resembling RCU that I am aware of are in DYNIX/ptx,
VM/XA, Tornado, and K42. I do not expect anyone to port binary
drivers or kernel modules from any of these, since the first two
are owned by IBM and the last two are open-source research OSes.
So these will move to GPL after a grace period to allow
people, who might be using implementations that I am not aware
of, to adjust to this upcoming change.
Who: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
---------------------------
What: raw1394: requests of type RAW1394_REQ_ISO_SEND, RAW1394_REQ_ISO_LISTEN
When: November 2005
When: November 2006
Why: Deprecated in favour of the new ioctl-based rawiso interface, which is
more efficient. You should really be using libraw1394 for raw1394
access anyway.
Who: Jody McIntyre <scjody@steamballoon.com>
Who: Jody McIntyre <scjody@modernduck.com>
---------------------------
Documentation/filesystems/Locking
+5 -4
View File
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ prototypes:
int (*sync_fs)(struct super_block *sb, int wait);
void (*write_super_lockfs) (struct super_block *);
void (*unlockfs) (struct super_block *);
int (*statfs) (struct super_block *, struct kstatfs *);
int (*statfs) (struct dentry *, struct kstatfs *);
int (*remount_fs) (struct super_block *, int *, char *);
void (*clear_inode) (struct inode *);
void (*umount_begin) (struct super_block *);
@@ -142,15 +142,16 @@ see also dquot_operations section.
--------------------------- file_system_type ---------------------------
prototypes:
struct super_block *(*get_sb) (struct file_system_type *, int,
const char *, void *);
struct int (*get_sb) (struct file_system_type *, int,
const char *, void *, struct vfsmount *);
void (*kill_sb) (struct super_block *);
locking rules:
may block BKL
get_sb yes yes
kill_sb yes yes
->get_sb() returns error or a locked superblock (exclusive on ->s_umount).
->get_sb() returns error or 0 with locked superblock attached to the vfsmount
(exclusive on ->s_umount).
->kill_sb() takes a write-locked superblock, does all shutdown work on it,
unlocks and drops the reference.
Documentation/filesystems/inotify.txt
+124 -6
View File
@@ -69,17 +69,135 @@ Prototypes:
int inotify_rm_watch (int fd, __u32 mask);
(iii) Internal Kernel Implementation
(iii) Kernel Interface
Each inotify instance is associated with an inotify_device structure.
Inotify's kernel API consists a set of functions for managing watches and an
event callback.
To use the kernel API, you must first initialize an inotify instance with a set
of inotify_operations. You are given an opaque inotify_handle, which you use
for any further calls to inotify.
struct inotify_handle *ih = inotify_init(my_event_handler);
You must provide a function for processing events and a function for destroying
the inotify watch.
void handle_event(struct inotify_watch *watch, u32 wd, u32 mask,
u32 cookie, const char *name, struct inode *inode)
watch - the pointer to the inotify_watch that triggered this call
wd - the watch descriptor
mask - describes the event that occurred
cookie - an identifier for synchronizing events
name - the dentry name for affected files in a directory-based event
inode - the affected inode in a directory-based event
void destroy_watch(struct inotify_watch *watch)
You may add watches by providing a pre-allocated and initialized inotify_watch
structure and specifying the inode to watch along with an inotify event mask.
You must pin the inode during the call. You will likely wish to embed the
inotify_watch structure in a structure of your own which contains other
information about the watch. Once you add an inotify watch, it is immediately
subject to removal depending on filesystem events. You must grab a reference if
you depend on the watch hanging around after the call.
inotify_init_watch(&my_watch->iwatch);
inotify_get_watch(&my_watch->iwatch); // optional
s32 wd = inotify_add_watch(ih, &my_watch->iwatch, inode, mask);
inotify_put_watch(&my_watch->iwatch); // optional
You may use the watch descriptor (wd) or the address of the inotify_watch for
other inotify operations. You must not directly read or manipulate data in the
inotify_watch. Additionally, you must not call inotify_add_watch() more than
once for a given inotify_watch structure, unless you have first called either
inotify_rm_watch() or inotify_rm_wd().
To determine if you have already registered a watch for a given inode, you may
call inotify_find_watch(), which gives you both the wd and the watch pointer for
the inotify_watch, or an error if the watch does not exist.
wd = inotify_find_watch(ih, inode, &watchp);
You may use container_of() on the watch pointer to access your own data
associated with a given watch. When an existing watch is found,
inotify_find_watch() bumps the refcount before releasing its locks. You must
put that reference with:
put_inotify_watch(watchp);
Call inotify_find_update_watch() to update the event mask for an existing watch.
inotify_find_update_watch() returns the wd of the updated watch, or an error if
the watch does not exist.
wd = inotify_find_update_watch(ih, inode, mask);
An existing watch may be removed by calling either inotify_rm_watch() or
inotify_rm_wd().
int ret = inotify_rm_watch(ih, &my_watch->iwatch);
int ret = inotify_rm_wd(ih, wd);
A watch may be removed while executing your event handler with the following:
inotify_remove_watch_locked(ih, iwatch);
Call inotify_destroy() to remove all watches from your inotify instance and
release it. If there are no outstanding references, inotify_destroy() will call
your destroy_watch op for each watch.
inotify_destroy(ih);
When inotify removes a watch, it sends an IN_IGNORED event to your callback.
You may use this event as an indication to free the watch memory. Note that
inotify may remove a watch due to filesystem events, as well as by your request.
If you use IN_ONESHOT, inotify will remove the watch after the first event, at
which point you may call the final inotify_put_watch.
(iv) Kernel Interface Prototypes
struct inotify_handle *inotify_init(struct inotify_operations *ops);
inotify_init_watch(struct inotify_watch *watch);
s32 inotify_add_watch(struct inotify_handle *ih,
struct inotify_watch *watch,
struct inode *inode, u32 mask);
s32 inotify_find_watch(struct inotify_handle *ih, struct inode *inode,
struct inotify_watch **watchp);
s32 inotify_find_update_watch(struct inotify_handle *ih,
struct inode *inode, u32 mask);
int inotify_rm_wd(struct inotify_handle *ih, u32 wd);
int inotify_rm_watch(struct inotify_handle *ih,
struct inotify_watch *watch);
void inotify_remove_watch_locked(struct inotify_handle *ih,
struct inotify_watch *watch);
void inotify_destroy(struct inotify_handle *ih);
void get_inotify_watch(struct inotify_watch *watch);
void put_inotify_watch(struct inotify_watch *watch);
(v) Internal Kernel Implementation
Each inotify instance is represented by an inotify_handle structure.
Inotify's userspace consumers also have an inotify_device which is
associated with the inotify_handle, and on which events are queued.
Each watch is associated with an inotify_watch structure. Watches are chained
off of each associated device and each associated inode.
off of each associated inotify_handle and each associated inode.
See fs/inotify.c for the locking and lifetime rules.
See fs/inotify.c and fs/inotify_user.c for the locking and lifetime rules.
(iv) Rationale
(vi) Rationale
Q: What is the design decision behind not tying the watch to the open fd of
the watched object?
@@ -145,7 +263,7 @@ A: The poor user-space interface is the second biggest problem with dnotify.
file descriptor-based one that allows basic file I/O and poll/select.
Obtaining the fd and managing the watches could have been done either via a
device file or a family of new system calls. We decided to implement a
family of system calls because that is the preffered approach for new kernel
family of system calls because that is the preferred approach for new kernel
interfaces. The only real difference was whether we wanted to use open(2)
and ioctl(2) or a couple of new system calls. System calls beat ioctls.
Documentation/filesystems/porting
+4 -3
View File
@@ -50,10 +50,11 @@ Turn your foo_read_super() into a function that would return 0 in case of
success and negative number in case of error (-EINVAL unless you have more
informative error value to report). Call it foo_fill_super(). Now declare
struct super_block foo_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data)
int foo_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data, struct vfsmount *mnt)
{
return get_sb_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, ext2_fill_super);
return get_sb_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, foo_fill_super,
mnt);
}
(or similar with s/bdev/nodev/ or s/bdev/single/, depending on the kind of
Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
+3 -3
View File
@@ -113,8 +113,8 @@ members are defined:
struct file_system_type {
const char *name;
int fs_flags;
struct super_block *(*get_sb) (struct file_system_type *, int,
const char *, void *);
struct int (*get_sb) (struct file_system_type *, int,
const char *, void *, struct vfsmount *);
void (*kill_sb) (struct super_block *);
struct module *owner;
struct file_system_type * next;
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ struct super_operations {
int (*sync_fs)(struct super_block *sb, int wait);
void (*write_super_lockfs) (struct super_block *);
void (*unlockfs) (struct super_block *);
int (*statfs) (struct super_block *, struct kstatfs *);
int (*statfs) (struct dentry *, struct kstatfs *);
int (*remount_fs) (struct super_block *, int *, char *);
void (*clear_inode) (struct inode *);
void (*umount_begin) (struct super_block *);
Documentation/hwmon/abituguru
+59
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
Kernel driver abituguru
=======================
Supported chips:
* Abit uGuru (Hardware Monitor part only)
Prefix: 'abituguru'
Addresses scanned: ISA 0x0E0
Datasheet: Not available, this driver is based on reverse engineering.
A "Datasheet" has been written based on the reverse engineering it
should be available in the same dir as this file under the name
abituguru-datasheet.
Authors:
Hans de Goede <j.w.r.degoede@hhs.nl>,
(Initial reverse engineering done by Olle Sandberg
<ollebull@gmail.com>)
Module Parameters
-----------------
* force: bool Force detection. Note this parameter only causes the
detection to be skipped, if the uGuru can't be read
the module initialization (insmod) will still fail.
* fan_sensors: int Tell the driver how many fan speed sensors there are
on your motherboard. Default: 0 (autodetect).
* pwms: int Tell the driver how many fan speed controls (fan
pwms) your motherboard has. Default: 0 (autodetect).
* verbose: int How verbose should the driver be? (0-3):
0 normal output
1 + verbose error reporting
2 + sensors type probing info\n"
3 + retryable error reporting
Default: 2 (the driver is still in the testing phase)
Notice if you need any of the first three options above please insmod the
driver with verbose set to 3 and mail me <j.w.r.degoede@hhs.nl> the output of:
dmesg | grep abituguru
Description
-----------
This driver supports the hardware monitoring features of the Abit uGuru chip
found on Abit uGuru featuring motherboards (most modern Abit motherboards).
The uGuru chip in reality is a Winbond W83L950D in disguise (despite Abit
claiming it is "a new microprocessor designed by the ABIT Engineers").
Unfortunatly this doesn't help since the W83L950D is a generic
microcontroller with a custom Abit application running on it.
Despite Abit not releasing any information regarding the uGuru, Olle
Sandberg <ollebull@gmail.com> has managed to reverse engineer the sensor part
of the uGuru. Without his work this driver would not have been possible.
Known Issues
------------
The voltage and frequency control parts of the Abit uGuru are not supported.

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