diff --git a/include/private/vkd3d_common.h b/include/private/vkd3d_common.h
index 4b7da0a1..79682483 100644
--- a/include/private/vkd3d_common.h
+++ b/include/private/vkd3d_common.h
@@ -340,6 +340,11 @@ static inline int vkd3d_u32_compare(uint32_t x, uint32_t y)
     return (x > y) - (x < y);
 }
 
+static inline int vkd3d_u64_compare(uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
+{
+    return (x > y) - (x < y);
+}
+
 #define VKD3D_BITMAP_SIZE(x) (((x) + 0x1f) >> 5)
 
 static inline bool bitmap_clear(uint32_t *map, unsigned int idx)
diff --git a/include/vkd3d_types.h b/include/vkd3d_types.h
index 9060fa08..18aa118f 100644
--- a/include/vkd3d_types.h
+++ b/include/vkd3d_types.h
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@ enum vkd3d_result
     VKD3D_ERROR_INVALID_SHADER = -4,
     /** The operation is not implemented in this version of vkd3d. */
     VKD3D_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED = -5,
+    /** The object or entry already exists. \since 1.12 */
+    VKD3D_ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS = -6,
 
     VKD3D_FORCE_32_BIT_ENUM(VKD3D_RESULT),
 };
diff --git a/libs/vkd3d-common/error.c b/libs/vkd3d-common/error.c
index b8350a54..a6efedde 100644
--- a/libs/vkd3d-common/error.c
+++ b/libs/vkd3d-common/error.c
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ HRESULT hresult_from_vkd3d_result(int vkd3d_result)
             return E_INVALIDARG;
         case VKD3D_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED:
             return E_NOTIMPL;
+        case VKD3D_ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS:
+            return DXGI_ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS;
         default:
             FIXME("Unhandled vkd3d result %d.\n", vkd3d_result);
             return E_FAIL;
diff --git a/libs/vkd3d/cache.c b/libs/vkd3d/cache.c
index 56ba6990..05b717ba 100644
--- a/libs/vkd3d/cache.c
+++ b/libs/vkd3d/cache.c
@@ -18,11 +18,58 @@
 
 #include "vkd3d_private.h"
 
+struct vkd3d_cache_entry_header
+{
+    uint64_t hash;
+    uint64_t key_size;
+    uint64_t value_size;
+};
+
 struct vkd3d_shader_cache
 {
     unsigned int refcount;
+    struct rb_tree tree;
 };
 
+struct shader_cache_entry
+{
+    struct vkd3d_cache_entry_header h;
+    struct rb_entry entry;
+    uint8_t *payload;
+};
+
+struct shader_cache_key
+{
+    uint64_t hash;
+    const void *key;
+    uint64_t key_size;
+};
+
+static int vkd3d_shader_cache_compare_key(const void *key, const struct rb_entry *entry)
+{
+    const struct shader_cache_entry *e = RB_ENTRY_VALUE(entry, struct shader_cache_entry, entry);
+    const struct shader_cache_key *k = key;
+    int ret;
+
+    if ((ret = vkd3d_u64_compare(k->hash, e->h.hash)))
+        return ret;
+    if ((ret = vkd3d_u64_compare(k->key_size, e->h.key_size)))
+        return ret;
+
+    /* Until now we have not seen an actual hash collision. If the key didn't match it was always
+     * due to a bug in the serialization code or memory corruption. If you see this FIXME please
+     * investigate. */
+    if ((ret = memcmp(k->key, e->payload, k->key_size)))
+        FIXME("Actual case of a hash collision found.\n");
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static void vkd3d_shader_cache_add_entry(struct vkd3d_shader_cache *cache,
+        struct shader_cache_entry *e)
+{
+    rb_put(&cache->tree, &e->h.hash, &e->entry);
+}
+
 int vkd3d_shader_open_cache(struct vkd3d_shader_cache **cache)
 {
     struct vkd3d_shader_cache *object;
@@ -34,6 +81,8 @@ int vkd3d_shader_open_cache(struct vkd3d_shader_cache **cache)
         return VKD3D_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
 
     object->refcount = 1;
+    rb_init(&object->tree, vkd3d_shader_cache_compare_key);
+
     *cache = object;
 
     return VKD3D_OK;
@@ -46,6 +95,13 @@ unsigned int vkd3d_shader_cache_incref(struct vkd3d_shader_cache *cache)
     return refcount;
 }
 
+static void vkd3d_shader_cache_destroy_entry(struct rb_entry *entry, void *context)
+{
+    struct shader_cache_entry *e = RB_ENTRY_VALUE(entry, struct shader_cache_entry, entry);
+    vkd3d_free(e->payload);
+    vkd3d_free(e);
+}
+
 unsigned int vkd3d_shader_cache_decref(struct vkd3d_shader_cache *cache)
 {
     unsigned int refcount = vkd3d_atomic_decrement_u32(&cache->refcount);
@@ -54,6 +110,72 @@ unsigned int vkd3d_shader_cache_decref(struct vkd3d_shader_cache *cache)
     if (refcount)
         return refcount;
 
+    rb_destroy(&cache->tree, vkd3d_shader_cache_destroy_entry, NULL);
+
     vkd3d_free(cache);
     return 0;
 }
+
+static uint64_t vkd3d_shader_cache_hash_key(const void *key, size_t size)
+{
+    static const uint64_t fnv_prime = 0x00000100000001b3;
+    uint64_t hash = 0xcbf29ce484222325;
+    const uint8_t *k = key;
+    size_t i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
+        hash = (hash ^ k[i]) * fnv_prime;
+
+    return hash;
+}
+
+int vkd3d_shader_cache_put(struct vkd3d_shader_cache *cache,
+        const void *key, size_t key_size, const void *value, size_t value_size)
+{
+    struct shader_cache_entry *e;
+    struct shader_cache_key k;
+    struct rb_entry *entry;
+    enum vkd3d_result ret;
+
+    TRACE("%p, %p, %#zx, %p, %#zx.\n", cache, key, key_size, value, value_size);
+
+    k.hash = vkd3d_shader_cache_hash_key(key, key_size);
+    k.key = key;
+    k.key_size = key_size;
+    entry = rb_get(&cache->tree, &k);
+    e = entry ? RB_ENTRY_VALUE(entry, struct shader_cache_entry, entry) : NULL;
+
+    if (e)
+    {
+        WARN("Key already exists, returning VKD3D_ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS.\n");
+        ret = VKD3D_ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+        goto done;
+    }
+
+    e = vkd3d_malloc(sizeof(*e));
+    if (!e)
+    {
+        ret = VKD3D_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+        goto done;
+    }
+    e->payload = vkd3d_malloc(key_size + value_size);
+    if (!e->payload)
+    {
+        vkd3d_free(e);
+        ret = VKD3D_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+        goto done;
+    }
+
+    e->h.key_size = key_size;
+    e->h.value_size = value_size;
+    e->h.hash = k.hash;
+    memcpy(e->payload, key, key_size);
+    memcpy(e->payload + key_size, value, value_size);
+
+    vkd3d_shader_cache_add_entry(cache, e);
+    TRACE("Cache entry %#"PRIx64" stored.\n", k.hash);
+    ret = VKD3D_OK;
+
+done:
+    return ret;
+}
diff --git a/libs/vkd3d/device.c b/libs/vkd3d/device.c
index 13d354a7..fe2669b2 100644
--- a/libs/vkd3d/device.c
+++ b/libs/vkd3d/device.c
@@ -2694,10 +2694,20 @@ static HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE d3d12_cache_session_FindValue(ID3D12ShaderCache
 static HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE d3d12_cache_session_StoreValue(ID3D12ShaderCacheSession *iface,
         const void *key, UINT key_size, const void *value, UINT value_size)
 {
-    FIXME("iface %p, key %p, key_size %#x, value %p, value_size %u stub!\n", iface, key, key_size,
-            value, value_size);
+    struct d3d12_cache_session *session = impl_from_ID3D12ShaderCacheSession(iface);
+    enum vkd3d_result ret;
 
-    return E_NOTIMPL;
+    TRACE("iface %p, key %p, key_size %#x, value %p, value_size %u.\n",
+            iface, key, key_size, value, value_size);
+
+    if (!key || !key_size || !value || !value_size)
+    {
+        WARN("Invalid input parameters, returning E_INVALIDARG.\n");
+        return E_INVALIDARG;
+    }
+
+    ret = vkd3d_shader_cache_put(session->cache, key, key_size, value, value_size);
+    return hresult_from_vkd3d_result(ret);
 }
 
 static void STDMETHODCALLTYPE d3d12_cache_session_SetDeleteOnDestroy(ID3D12ShaderCacheSession *iface)
diff --git a/libs/vkd3d/vkd3d_private.h b/libs/vkd3d/vkd3d_private.h
index 4d0c4a3c..63bfce7d 100644
--- a/libs/vkd3d/vkd3d_private.h
+++ b/libs/vkd3d/vkd3d_private.h
@@ -1776,5 +1776,7 @@ struct vkd3d_shader_cache;
 int vkd3d_shader_open_cache(struct vkd3d_shader_cache **cache);
 unsigned int vkd3d_shader_cache_incref(struct vkd3d_shader_cache *cache);
 unsigned int vkd3d_shader_cache_decref(struct vkd3d_shader_cache *cache);
+int vkd3d_shader_cache_put(struct vkd3d_shader_cache *cache,
+        const void *key, size_t key_size, const void *value, size_t value_size);
 
 #endif  /* __VKD3D_PRIVATE_H */