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561 lines
25 KiB
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561 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
Layout Engine Visual Tests (reftest)
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L. David Baron <dbaron@dbaron.org>, Mozilla Corporation
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July 19, 2006
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This code is designed to run tests of Mozilla's layout engine. These
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tests consist of an HTML (or other format) file along with a reference
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in the same format. The tests are run based on a manifest file, and for
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each test, PASS or FAIL is reported, and UNEXPECTED is reported if the
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result (PASS or FAIL) was not the expected result noted in the manifest.
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Why this way?
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=============
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Writing HTML tests where the reference rendering is also in HTML is
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harder than simply writing bits of HTML that can be regression-tested by
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comparing the rendering of an older build to that of a newer build
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(perhaps using stored reference images from the older build). However,
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comparing across time has major disadvantages:
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* Comparisons across time either require two runs for every test, or
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they require stored reference images appropriate for the platform and
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configuration (often limiting testing to a very specific
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configuration).
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* Comparisons across time may fail due to expected changes, for
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example, changes in the default style sheet for HTML, changes in the
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appearance of form controls, or changes in default preferences like
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default font size or default colors.
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Using tests for which the pass criteria were explicitly chosen allows
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running tests at any time to see whether they still pass.
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Manifest Format
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===============
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The test manifest format is a plain text file. A line starting with a
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"#" is a comment. Lines may be commented using whitespace followed by
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a "#" and the comment. Each non-blank line (after removal of comments)
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must be one of the following:
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1. Inclusion of another manifest
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<failure-type>* include <relative_path>
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<failure-type> is the same as listed below for a test item. As for
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test items, multiple failure types listed on the same line are
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combined by using the last matching failure type listed. However,
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the failure type on a manifest is combined with the failure type on
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the test (or on a nested manifest) with the rule that the last in the
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following list wins: fails, random, skip. (In other words, skip
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always wins, and random beats fails.)
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2. A test item
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[ <failure-type> | <preference> ]* [<http>] <type> <url> <url_ref>
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where
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a. <failure-type> (optional) is one of the following:
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fails The test passes if the images of the two renderings DO NOT
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meet the conditions specified in the <type>.
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fails-if(condition) If the condition is met, the test passes if the
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images of the two renderings DO NOT meet the
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conditions of <type>. If the condition is not met,
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the test passes if the conditions of <type> are met.
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needs-focus The test fails or times out if the reftest window is not
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focused.
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random The results of the test are random and therefore not to be
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considered in the output.
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random-if(condition) The results of the test are random if a given
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condition is met.
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silentfail This test may fail silently, and if that happens it should
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count as if the test passed. This is useful for cases where
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silent failure is the intended behavior (for example, in
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an out of memory situation in JavaScript, we stop running
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the script silently and immediately, in hopes of reclaiming
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enough memory to keep the browser functioning).
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silentfail-if(condition) This test may fail silently if the condition
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is met.
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skip This test should not be run. This is useful when a test fails in a
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catastrophic way, such as crashing or hanging the browser. Using
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'skip' is preferred to simply commenting out the test because we
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want to report the test failure at the end of the test run.
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skip-if(condition) If the condition is met, the test is not run. This is
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useful if, for example, the test crashes only on a
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particular platform (i.e. it allows us to get test
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coverage on the other platforms).
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slow The test may take a long time to run, so run it if slow tests are
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either enabled or not disabled (test manifest interpreters may
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choose whether or not to run such tests by default).
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slow-if(condition) If the condition is met, the test is treated as if
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'slow' had been specified. This is useful for tests
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which are slow only on particular platforms (e.g. a
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test which exercised out-of-memory behavior might be
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fast on a 32-bit system but inordinately slow on a
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64-bit system).
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fuzzy(maxDiff, diffCount)
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This allows a test to pass if the pixel value differences are <=
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maxDiff and the total number of different pixels is <= diffCount.
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It can also be used with '!=' to ensure that the difference is
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greater than maxDiff.
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fuzzy-if(condition, maxDiff, diffCount)
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If the condition is met, the test is treated as if 'fuzzy' had been
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specified. This is useful if there are differences on particular
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platforms.
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require-or(cond1&&cond2&&...,fallback)
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Require some particular setup be performed or environmental
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condition(s) made true (eg setting debug mode) before the test
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is run. If any condition is unknown, unimplemented, or fails,
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revert to the fallback failure-type.
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Example: require-or(debugMode,skip)
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asserts(count)
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Loading the test and reference is known to assert exactly
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count times.
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NOTE: An asserts() notation with a non-zero count or maxCount
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suppresses use of a cached canvas for the test with the
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annotation. However, if later occurrences of the same test
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are not annotated, they will use the cached canvas
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(potentially from the load that asserted). This allows
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repeated use of the same test or reference to be annotated
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correctly (which may be particularly useful when the uses are
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in different subdirectories that can be tested independently),
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but does not force them to be, nor does it force suppression
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of caching for a common reference when it is the test that
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asserts.
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asserts(minCount-maxCount)
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Loading the test and reference is known to assert between
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minCount and maxCount times, inclusive.
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NOTE: See above regarding canvas caching.
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asserts-if(condition,count)
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asserts-if(condition,minCount-maxCount)
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Same as above, but only if condition is true.
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Conditions are JavaScript expressions *without spaces* in them.
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They are evaluated in a sandbox in which a limited set of
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variables are defined. See the BuildConditionSandbox function in
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layout/tools/reftest.js for details.
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Examples of using conditions:
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fails-if(winWidget) == test reference
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asserts-if(cocoaWidget,2) load crashtest
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b. <preference> (optional) is a string of the form
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pref(<name>,<value>)
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test-pref(<name>,<value>)
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ref-pref(<name>,<value>)
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where <name> is the name of a preference setting, as seen in
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about:config, and <value> is the value to which this preference should
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be set. <value> may be a boolean (true/false), an integer, or a
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quoted string *without spaces*, according to the type of the preference.
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The preference will be set to the specified value prior to
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rendering the test and/or reference canvases (pref() applies to
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both, test-pref() only to the test, and ref-pref() only to the
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reference), and will be restored afterwards so that following
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tests are not affected. Note that this feature is only useful for
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"live" preferences that take effect immediately, without requiring
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a browser restart.
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c. <http>, if present, is one of the strings (sans quotes) "HTTP" or
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"HTTP(..)" or "HTTP(../..)" or "HTTP(../../..)", etc. , indicating that
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the test should be run over an HTTP server because it requires certain
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HTTP headers or a particular HTTP status. (Don't use this if your test
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doesn't require this functionality, because it unnecessarily slows down
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the test.)
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With "HTTP", HTTP tests have the restriction that any resource an HTTP
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test accesses must be accessed using a relative URL, and the test and
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the resource must be within the directory containing the reftest
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manifest that describes the test (or within a descendant directory).
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The variants "HTTP(..)", etc., can be used to relax this restriction by
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allowing resources in the parent directory, etc.
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To modify the HTTP status or headers of a resource named FOO, create a
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sibling file named FOO^headers^ with the following contents:
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[<http-status>]
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<http-header>*
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<http-status> A line of the form "HTTP ###[ <description>]", where
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### indicates the desired HTTP status and <description>
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indicates a desired HTTP status description, if any.
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If this line is omitted, the default is "HTTP 200 OK".
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<http-header> A line in standard HTTP header line format, i.e.
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"Field-Name: field-value". You may not repeat the use
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of a Field-Name and must coalesce such headers together,
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and each header must be specified on a single line, but
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otherwise the format exactly matches that from HTTP
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itself.
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HTTP tests may also incorporate SJS files. SJS files provide similar
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functionality to CGI scripts, in that the response they produce can be
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dependent on properties of the incoming request. Currently these
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properties are restricted to method type and headers, but eventually
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it should be possible to examine data in the body of the request as
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well when computing the generated response. An SJS file is a JavaScript
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file with a .sjs extension which defines a global |handleRequest|
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function (called every time that file is loaded during reftests) in this
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format:
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function handleRequest(request, response)
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{
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response.setStatusLine(request.httpVersion, 200, "OK");
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// You *probably* want this, or else you'll get bitten if you run
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// reftest multiple times with the same profile.
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response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
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response.write("any ASCII data you want");
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var outputStream = response.bodyOutputStream;
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// ...anything else you want to do, synchronously...
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}
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For more details on exactly which functions and properties are available
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on request/response in handleRequest, see the nsIHttpRe(quest|sponse)
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definitions in <netwerk/test/httpserver/nsIHttpServer.idl>.
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d. <type> is one of the following:
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== The test passes if the images of the two renderings are the
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SAME.
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!= The test passes if the images of the two renderings are
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DIFFERENT.
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load The test passes unconditionally if the page loads. url_ref
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must be omitted, and the test cannot be marked as fails or
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random. (Used to test for crashes, hangs, assertions, and
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leaks.)
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script The loaded page records the test's pass or failure status
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in a JavaScript data structure accessible through the following
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API.
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getTestCases() returns an array of test result objects
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representing the results of the tests performed by the page.
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Each test result object has two methods:
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testPassed() returns true if the test result object passed,
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otherwise it returns false.
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testDescription() returns a string describing the test
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result.
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url_ref must be omitted. The test may be marked as fails or
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random. (Used to test the JavaScript Engine.)
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e. <url> is either a relative file path or an absolute URL for the
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test page
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f. <url_ref> is either a relative file path or an absolute URL for
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the reference page
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The only difference between <url> and <url_ref> is that results of
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the test are reported using <url> only.
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3. Specification of a url prefix
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url-prefix <string>
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<string> will be prepended to relative <url> and <url_ref> for all following
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test items in the manifest.
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<string> will not be prepended to the relative path when including another
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manifest, e.g. include <relative_path>.
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<string> will not be prepended to any <url> or <url_ref> matching the pattern
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/^\w+:/. This will prevent the prefix from being applied to any absolute url
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containing a protocol such as data:, about:, or http:.
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While the typical use of url-prefix is expected to be as the first line of
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a manifest, it is legal to use it anywhere in a manifest. Subsequent uses
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of url-prefix overwrite any existing values.
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4. Specification of default preferences
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default-preferences <preference>*
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where <preference> is defined above.
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The <preference> settings will be used for all following test items in the
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manifest.
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If a test item includes its own preference settings, then they will override
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any settings for preferences of the same names that are set using
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default-preferences, just as later items within a line override earlier ones.
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A default-preferences line with no <preference> settings following it will
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reset the set of default preferences to be empty.
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As with url-prefix, default-preferences will often be used at the start of a
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manifest file so that it applies to all test items, but it is legal for
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default-preferences to appear anywhere in the manifest. A subsequent
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default-preferences will reset any previous default preference values and
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overwrite them with the specified <preference> values.
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This test manifest format could be used by other harnesses, such as ones
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that do not depend on XUL, or even ones testing other layout engines.
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Running Tests
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=============
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(If you're not using a DEBUG build, first set browser.dom.window.dump.enabled
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to true (in about:config, in the profile you'll be using to run the tests).
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Create the option as a new boolean if it doesn't exist already. If you skip
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this step you won't get any output in the terminal.)
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At some point in the future there will hopefully be a cleaner way to do
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this. For now, go to your object directory, and run (perhaps using
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MOZ_NO_REMOTE=1 or the -profile <directory> option)
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./firefox -reftest /path/to/srcdir/mozilla/layout/reftests/reftest.list > reftest.out
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and then search/grep reftest.out for "UNEXPECTED".
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There are two scripts provided to convert the reftest.out to HTML.
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clean-reftest-output.pl converts reftest.out into simple HTML, stripping
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lines from the log that aren't relevant. reftest-to-html.pl converts
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the output into html that makes it easier to visually check for
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failures.
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Testable Areas
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==============
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This framework is capable of testing many areas of the layout engine.
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It is particularly well-suited to testing dynamic change handling (by
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comparison to the static end-result as a reference) and incremental
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layout (comparison of a script-interrupted layout to one that was not).
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However, it is also possible to write tests for many other things that
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can be described in terms of equivalence, for example:
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* CSS cascading could be tested by comparing the result of a
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complicated set of style rules that makes a word green to <span
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style="color:green">word</span>.
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* <canvas> compositing operators could be tested by comparing the
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result of drawing using canvas to a block-level element with the
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desired color as a CSS background-color.
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* CSS counters could be tested by comparing the text output by counters
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with a page containing the text written out
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* complex margin collapsing could be tested by comparing the complex
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case to a case where the margin is written out, or where the margin
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space is created by an element with 'height' and transparent
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background
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When it is not possible to test by equivalence, it may be possible to
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test by non-equivalence. For example, testing justification in cases
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with more than two words, or more than three different words, is
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difficult. However, it is simple to test that justified text is at
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least displayed differently from left-, center-, or right-aligned text.
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Writing Tests
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=============
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When writing tests for this framework, it is important for the test to
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depend only on behaviors that are known to be correct and permanent.
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For example, tests should not depend on default font sizes, default
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margins of the body element, the default style sheet used for HTML, the
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default appearance of form controls, or anything else that can be
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avoided.
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In general, the best way to achieve this is to make the test and the
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reference identical in as many aspects as possible. For example:
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Good test markup:
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<div style="color:green"><table><tr><td><span>green
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</span></td></tr></table></div>
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Good reference markup:
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<div><table><tr><td><span style="color:green">green
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</span></td></tr></table></div>
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BAD reference markup:
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<!-- 3px matches the default cellspacing and cellpadding -->
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<div style="color:green; padding: 3px">green
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</div>
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BAD test markup:
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<!-- span doesn't change the positioning, so skip it -->
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<div style="color:green"><table><tr><td>green
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</td></tr></table></div>
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Asynchronous Tests: class="reftest-wait"
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========================================
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Normally reftest takes a snapshot of the given markup's rendering right
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after the load event fires for content. If your test needs to postpone
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the moment the snapshot is taken, it should make sure a class
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'reftest-wait' is on the root element by the moment the load event
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fires. The easiest way to do this is to put it in the markup, e.g.:
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<html class="reftest-wait">
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When your test is ready, you should remove this class from the root
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element, for example using this code:
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document.documentElement.className = "";
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Note that in layout tests it is often enough to trigger layout using
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document.body.offsetWidth // HTML example
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When possible, you should use this technique instead of making your
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test async.
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Invalidation Tests: MozReftestInvalidate Event
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==============================================
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When a test (or reference) uses reftest-wait, reftest tracks invalidation
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via MozAfterPaint and updates the test image in the same way that
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a regular window would be repainted. Therefore it is possible to test
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invalidation-related bugs by setting up initial content and then
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dynamically modifying it before removing reftest-wait. However, it is
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important to get the timing of these dynamic modifications right so that
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the test doesn't accidentally pass because a full repaint of the window
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was already pending. To help with this, reftest fires one MozReftestInvalidate
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event at the document root element for a reftest-wait test when it is safe to
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make changes that should test invalidation. The event bubbles up to the
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document and window so you can set listeners there too. For example,
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function doTest() {
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document.body.style.border = "";
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document.documentElement.removeAttribute('class');
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}
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document.addEventListener("MozReftestInvalidate", doTest, false);
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Painting Tests: class="reftest-no-paint"
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========================================
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If an element shouldn't be painted, set the class "reftest-no-paint" on it
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when doing an invalidation test. Causing a repaint in your
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MozReftestInvalidate handler (for example, by changing the body's background
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colour) will accurately test whether the element is painted.
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Snapshot The Whole Window: class="reftest-snapshot-all"
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=======================================================
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In a reftest-wait test, to disable testing of invalidation and force the final
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snapshot to be taken of the whole window, set the "reftest-snapshot-all"
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class on the root element.
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Zoom Tests: reftest-zoom="<float>"
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==================================
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When the root element of a test has a "reftest-zoom" attribute, that zoom
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factor is applied when rendering the test. The reftest document will be
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800 device pixels wide by 1000 device pixels high. The reftest harness assumes
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that the CSS pixel dimensions are 800/zoom and 1000/zoom. For best results
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therefore, choose zoom factors that do not require rounding when we calculate
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the number of appunits per device pixel; i.e. the zoom factor should divide 60,
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so 60/zoom is an integer.
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Setting Viewport Size: reftest-viewport-w/h="<int>"
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===================================================
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If either of the "reftest-viewport-w" and "reftest-viewport-h" attributes on
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the root element are non-zero, sets the CSS viewport to the given size in
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CSS pixels. This does not affect the size of the snapshot that is taken.
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Setting Async Scroll Mode: reftest-async-scroll attribute
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=========================================================
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If the "reftest-async-scroll" attribute is set on the root element, we try to
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enable async scrolling for the document. This is unsupported in many
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configurations.
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Setting Displayport Dimensions: reftest-displayport-x/y/w/h="<int>"
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===================================================================
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|
|
If any of the "reftest-displayport-x", "reftest-displayport-y",
|
|
"reftest-displayport-w" and "reftest-displayport-h" attributes on the root
|
|
element are nonzero, sets the displayport dimensions to the given bounds in
|
|
CSS pixels. This does not affect the size of the snapshot that is taken.
|
|
|
|
When the "reftest-async-scroll" attribute is set on the root element, *all*
|
|
elements in the document are checked for "reftest-displayport-x/y/w/h" and have
|
|
displayports set on them when those attributes are present.
|
|
|
|
Testing Async Scrolling: reftest-async-scroll-x/y="<int>"
|
|
=========================================================
|
|
|
|
When the "reftest-async-scroll" attribute is set on the root element, for any
|
|
element where either the "reftest-async-scroll-x" or "reftest-async-scroll-y
|
|
attributes are nonzero, at the end of the test take the snapshot with the given
|
|
offset (in CSS pixels) added to the async scroll offset.
|
|
|
|
Printing Tests: class="reftest-print"
|
|
=====================================
|
|
|
|
Now that the patch for bug 374050 has landed
|
|
(https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=374050), it is possible to
|
|
create reftests that run in a paginated context.
|
|
|
|
The page size used is 5in wide and 3in tall (with the default half-inch
|
|
margins). This is to allow tests to have less text and to make the
|
|
entire test fit on the screen.
|
|
|
|
There is a layout/reftests/printing directory for printing reftests; however,
|
|
there is nothing special about this directory. You can put printing reftests
|
|
anywhere that is appropriate.
|
|
|
|
The suggested first lines for any printing test is
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html><html class="reftest-print">
|
|
<style>html{font-size:12pt}</style>
|
|
|
|
The reftest-print class on the root element triggers the reftest to
|
|
switch into page mode on load. Fixing the font size is suggested,
|
|
although not required, because the pages are a fixed size in inches.
|
|
|
|
The underlying layout support for this mode isn't really complete; it
|
|
doesn't use exactly the same codepath as real print preview/print. In
|
|
particular, scripting and frames are likely to cause problems; it is untested,
|
|
though. That said, it should be sufficient for testing layout issues related
|
|
to pagination.
|
|
|
|
Plugin and IPC Process Crash Tests: class="reftest-expect-process-crash"
|
|
========================================================================
|
|
|
|
If you are running a test that causes an out-of-process plugin or IPC process
|
|
under Electrolysis to crash as part of a reftest, this will cause process
|
|
crash minidump files to be left in the profile directory. The test
|
|
infrastructure that runs the reftests will notice these minidump files and
|
|
dump out information from them, and these additional error messages in the logs
|
|
can end up erroneously being associated with other errors from the reftest run.
|
|
They are also confusing, since the appearance of "PROCESS-CRASH" messages in
|
|
the test run output can seem like a real problem, when in fact it is the
|
|
expected behavior.
|
|
|
|
To indicate to the reftest framework that a test is expecting a plugin or
|
|
IPC process crash, have the test include "reftest-expect-process-crash" as
|
|
one of the root element's classes by the time the test has finished. This will
|
|
cause any minidump files that are generated while running the test to be removed
|
|
and they won't cause any error messages in the test run output.
|
|
|
|
Skip Forcing A Content Process Layer-Tree Update: reftest-no-sync-layers attribute
|
|
==================================================================================
|
|
|
|
Normally when an multi-process reftest test ends, we force the content process
|
|
to push a layer-tree update to the compositor before taking the snapshot.
|
|
Setting the "reftest-no-sync-layers" attribute on the root element skips this
|
|
step, enabling testing that layer-tree updates are being correctly generated.
|
|
However the test must manually wait for a MozAfterPaint event before ending.
|