gecko/xpcom/ds/nsAtomTable.cpp

/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
/* vim: set ts=8 sts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */

#include "mozilla/Assertions.h"
#include "mozilla/Attributes.h"
#include "mozilla/Compiler.h"
#include "mozilla/HashFunctions.h"
#include "mozilla/MemoryReporting.h"
#include "mozilla/DebugOnly.h"
#include "mozilla/unused.h"

#include "nsAtomTable.h"
#include "nsStaticAtom.h"
#include "nsString.h"
#include "nsCRT.h"
#include "pldhash.h"
#include "prenv.h"
#include "nsThreadUtils.h"
#include "nsDataHashtable.h"
#include "nsHashKeys.h"
#include "nsAutoPtr.h"
#include "nsUnicharUtils.h"

using namespace mozilla;

#if defined(__clang__)
#  pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdelete-non-virtual-dtor"
#elif MOZ_IS_GCC
#  if MOZ_GCC_VERSION_AT_LEAST(4, 7, 0)
#    pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdelete-non-virtual-dtor"
#  endif
#endif

/**
 * The shared hash table for atom lookups.
 *
 * XXX This should be manipulated in a threadsafe way or we should make
 * sure it's only manipulated from the main thread.  Probably the latter
 * is better, since the former would hurt performance.
 */
static PLDHashTable* gAtomTable;

class StaticAtomEntry : public PLDHashEntryHdr
{
public:
  typedef const nsAString& KeyType;
  typedef const nsAString* KeyTypePointer;

  explicit StaticAtomEntry(KeyTypePointer aKey) {}
  StaticAtomEntry(const StaticAtomEntry& aOther) : mAtom(aOther.mAtom) {}
  ~StaticAtomEntry() {}

  bool KeyEquals(KeyTypePointer aKey) const
  {
    return mAtom->Equals(*aKey);
  }

  static KeyTypePointer KeyToPointer(KeyType aKey) { return &aKey; }
  static PLDHashNumber HashKey(KeyTypePointer aKey)
  {
    return HashString(*aKey);
  }

  enum { ALLOW_MEMMOVE = true };

  // mAtom only points to objects of type PermanentAtomImpl, which are not
  // really refcounted.  But since these entries live in a global hashtable,
  // this reference is essentially owning.
  nsIAtom* MOZ_OWNING_REF mAtom;
};

/**
 * A hashtable of static atoms that existed at app startup. This hashtable
 * helps nsHtml5AtomTable.
 */
typedef nsTHashtable<StaticAtomEntry> StaticAtomTable;
static StaticAtomTable* gStaticAtomTable = nullptr;

/**
 * Whether it is still OK to add atoms to gStaticAtomTable.
 */
static bool gStaticAtomTableSealed = false;

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

/**
 * Note that AtomImpl objects are sometimes converted into PermanentAtomImpl
 * objects using placement new and just overwriting the vtable pointer.
 */

class AtomImpl : public nsIAtom
{
public:
  AtomImpl(const nsAString& aString, uint32_t aHash);

  // This is currently only used during startup when creating a permanent atom
  // from NS_RegisterStaticAtoms
  AtomImpl(nsStringBuffer* aData, uint32_t aLength, uint32_t aHash);

protected:
  // This is only intended to be used when a normal atom is turned into a
  // permanent one.
  AtomImpl()
  {
    // We can't really assert that mString is a valid nsStringBuffer string,
    // so do the best we can do and check for some consistencies.
    NS_ASSERTION((mLength + 1) * sizeof(char16_t) <=
                 nsStringBuffer::FromData(mString)->StorageSize() &&
                 mString[mLength] == 0,
                 "Not initialized atom");
  }

  // We don't need a virtual destructor here because PermanentAtomImpl
  // deletions aren't handled through Release().
  ~AtomImpl();

public:
  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
  NS_DECL_NSIATOM

  enum { REFCNT_PERMANENT_SENTINEL = UINT32_MAX };

  virtual bool IsPermanent();

  // We can't use the virtual function in the base class destructor.
  bool IsPermanentInDestructor()
  {
    return mRefCnt == REFCNT_PERMANENT_SENTINEL;
  }

  // for |#ifdef NS_BUILD_REFCNT_LOGGING| access to reference count
  nsrefcnt GetRefCount() { return mRefCnt; }

  size_t SizeOfIncludingThis(MallocSizeOf aMallocSizeOf);
};

/**
 * A non-refcounted implementation of nsIAtom.
 */

class PermanentAtomImpl final : public AtomImpl
{
public:
  PermanentAtomImpl(const nsAString& aString, PLDHashNumber aKeyHash)
    : AtomImpl(aString, aKeyHash)
  {
  }
  PermanentAtomImpl(nsStringBuffer* aData, uint32_t aLength,
                    PLDHashNumber aKeyHash)
    : AtomImpl(aData, aLength, aKeyHash)
  {
  }
  PermanentAtomImpl() {}

  ~PermanentAtomImpl();

  virtual bool IsPermanent();

  // SizeOfIncludingThis() isn't needed -- the one inherited from AtomImpl is
  // good enough, because PermanentAtomImpl doesn't add any new data members.

  void* operator new(size_t aSize, AtomImpl* aAtom) CPP_THROW_NEW;
  void* operator new(size_t aSize) CPP_THROW_NEW
  {
    return ::operator new(aSize);
  }

private:
  NS_IMETHOD_(MozExternalRefCountType) AddRef();
  NS_IMETHOD_(MozExternalRefCountType) Release();
};

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

struct AtomTableEntry : public PLDHashEntryHdr
{
  // These references are either to non-permanent atoms, in which case they are
  // non-owning, or they are to permanent atoms that are not really refcounted.
  // The exact lifetime rules are documented in AtomTableClearEntry.
  AtomImpl* MOZ_NON_OWNING_REF mAtom;
};

struct AtomTableKey
{
  AtomTableKey(const char16_t* aUTF16String, uint32_t aLength, uint32_t aHash)
    : mUTF16String(aUTF16String)
    , mUTF8String(nullptr)
    , mLength(aLength)
    , mHash(aHash)
  {
    MOZ_ASSERT(mHash == HashString(mUTF16String, mLength));
  }

  AtomTableKey(const char* aUTF8String, uint32_t aLength, uint32_t aHash)
    : mUTF16String(nullptr)
    , mUTF8String(aUTF8String)
    , mLength(aLength)
    , mHash(aHash)
  {
    mozilla::DebugOnly<bool> err;
    MOZ_ASSERT(aHash == HashUTF8AsUTF16(mUTF8String, mLength, &err));
  }

  AtomTableKey(const char16_t* aUTF16String, uint32_t aLength,
               uint32_t* aHashOut)
    : mUTF16String(aUTF16String)
    , mUTF8String(nullptr)
    , mLength(aLength)
  {
    mHash = HashString(mUTF16String, mLength);
    *aHashOut = mHash;
  }

  AtomTableKey(const char* aUTF8String, uint32_t aLength, uint32_t* aHashOut)
    : mUTF16String(nullptr)
    , mUTF8String(aUTF8String)
    , mLength(aLength)
  {
    bool err;
    mHash = HashUTF8AsUTF16(mUTF8String, mLength, &err);
    if (err) {
      mUTF8String = nullptr;
      mLength = 0;
      mHash = 0;
    }
    *aHashOut = mHash;
  }

  const char16_t* mUTF16String;
  const char* mUTF8String;
  uint32_t mLength;
  uint32_t mHash;
};

static PLDHashNumber
AtomTableGetHash(PLDHashTable* aTable, const void* aKey)
{
  const AtomTableKey* k = static_cast<const AtomTableKey*>(aKey);
  return k->mHash;
}

static bool
AtomTableMatchKey(PLDHashTable* aTable, const PLDHashEntryHdr* aEntry,
                  const void* aKey)
{
  const AtomTableEntry* he = static_cast<const AtomTableEntry*>(aEntry);
  const AtomTableKey* k = static_cast<const AtomTableKey*>(aKey);

  if (k->mUTF8String) {
    return
      CompareUTF8toUTF16(nsDependentCSubstring(k->mUTF8String,
                                               k->mUTF8String + k->mLength),
                         nsDependentAtomString(he->mAtom)) == 0;
  }

  uint32_t length = he->mAtom->GetLength();
  if (length != k->mLength) {
    return false;
  }

  return memcmp(he->mAtom->GetUTF16String(),
                k->mUTF16String, length * sizeof(char16_t)) == 0;
}

static void
AtomTableClearEntry(PLDHashTable* aTable, PLDHashEntryHdr* aEntry)
{
  // Normal |AtomImpl| atoms are deleted when their refcount hits 0, and
  // they then remove themselves from the table.  In other words, they
  // are owned by the callers who own references to them.
  // |PermanentAtomImpl| permanent atoms ignore their refcount and are
  // deleted when they are removed from the table at table destruction.
  // In other words, they are owned by the atom table.

  AtomImpl* atom = static_cast<AtomTableEntry*>(aEntry)->mAtom;
  if (atom->IsPermanent()) {
    // Note that the cast here is important since AtomImpls doesn't have a
    // virtual dtor.
    delete static_cast<PermanentAtomImpl*>(atom);
  }
}

static void
AtomTableInitEntry(PLDHashEntryHdr* aEntry, const void* aKey)
{
  static_cast<AtomTableEntry*>(aEntry)->mAtom = nullptr;
}


static const PLDHashTableOps AtomTableOps = {
  AtomTableGetHash,
  AtomTableMatchKey,
  PL_DHashMoveEntryStub,
  AtomTableClearEntry,
  AtomTableInitEntry
};


static inline
void
PromoteToPermanent(AtomImpl* aAtom)
{
#ifdef NS_BUILD_REFCNT_LOGGING
  {
    nsrefcnt refcount = aAtom->GetRefCount();
    do {
      NS_LOG_RELEASE(aAtom, --refcount, "AtomImpl");
    } while (refcount);
  }
#endif
  aAtom = new (aAtom) PermanentAtomImpl();
}

void
NS_PurgeAtomTable()
{
  delete gStaticAtomTable;
  gStaticAtomTable = nullptr;

  if (gAtomTable) {
#ifdef DEBUG
    const char* dumpAtomLeaks = PR_GetEnv("MOZ_DUMP_ATOM_LEAKS");
    if (dumpAtomLeaks && *dumpAtomLeaks) {
      uint32_t leaked = 0;
      printf("*** %d atoms still exist (including permanent):\n",
             gAtomTable->EntryCount());
      for (auto iter = gAtomTable->Iter(); !iter.Done(); iter.Next()) {
        auto entry = static_cast<AtomTableEntry*>(iter.Get());
        AtomImpl* atom = entry->mAtom;
        if (!atom->IsPermanent()) {
          leaked++;
          nsAutoCString str;
          atom->ToUTF8String(str);
          fputs(str.get(), stdout);
          fputs("\n", stdout);
        }
      }
      printf("*** %u non-permanent atoms leaked\n", leaked);
    }
#endif
    delete gAtomTable;
    gAtomTable = nullptr;
  }
}

AtomImpl::AtomImpl(const nsAString& aString, uint32_t aHash)
{
  mLength = aString.Length();
  nsRefPtr<nsStringBuffer> buf = nsStringBuffer::FromString(aString);
  if (buf) {
    mString = static_cast<char16_t*>(buf->Data());
  } else {
    buf = nsStringBuffer::Alloc((mLength + 1) * sizeof(char16_t));
    mString = static_cast<char16_t*>(buf->Data());
    CopyUnicodeTo(aString, 0, mString, mLength);
    mString[mLength] = char16_t(0);
  }

  mHash = aHash;
  MOZ_ASSERT(mHash == HashString(mString, mLength));

  NS_ASSERTION(mString[mLength] == char16_t(0), "null terminated");
  NS_ASSERTION(buf && buf->StorageSize() >= (mLength + 1) * sizeof(char16_t),
               "enough storage");
  NS_ASSERTION(Equals(aString), "correct data");

  // Take ownership of buffer
  mozilla::unused << buf.forget();
}

AtomImpl::AtomImpl(nsStringBuffer* aStringBuffer, uint32_t aLength,
                   uint32_t aHash)
{
  mLength = aLength;
  mString = static_cast<char16_t*>(aStringBuffer->Data());
  // Technically we could currently avoid doing this addref by instead making
  // the static atom buffers have an initial refcount of 2.
  aStringBuffer->AddRef();

  mHash = aHash;
  MOZ_ASSERT(mHash == HashString(mString, mLength));

  NS_ASSERTION(mString[mLength] == char16_t(0), "null terminated");
  NS_ASSERTION(aStringBuffer &&
               aStringBuffer->StorageSize() == (mLength + 1) * sizeof(char16_t),
               "correct storage");
}

AtomImpl::~AtomImpl()
{
  MOZ_ASSERT(gAtomTable, "uninitialized atom hashtable");
  // Permanent atoms are removed from the hashtable at shutdown, and we
  // don't want to remove them twice.  See comment above in
  // |AtomTableClearEntry|.
  if (!IsPermanentInDestructor()) {
    AtomTableKey key(mString, mLength, mHash);
    PL_DHashTableRemove(gAtomTable, &key);
    if (gAtomTable->EntryCount() == 0) {
      delete gAtomTable;
      gAtomTable = nullptr;
    }
  }

  nsStringBuffer::FromData(mString)->Release();
}

NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(AtomImpl, nsIAtom)

PermanentAtomImpl::~PermanentAtomImpl()
{
  // So we can tell if we were permanent while running the base class dtor.
  mRefCnt = REFCNT_PERMANENT_SENTINEL;
}

NS_IMETHODIMP_(MozExternalRefCountType)
PermanentAtomImpl::AddRef()
{
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread(), "wrong thread");
  return 2;
}

NS_IMETHODIMP_(MozExternalRefCountType)
PermanentAtomImpl::Release()
{
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread(), "wrong thread");
  return 1;
}

/* virtual */ bool
AtomImpl::IsPermanent()
{
  return false;
}

/* virtual */ bool
PermanentAtomImpl::IsPermanent()
{
  return true;
}

void*
PermanentAtomImpl::operator new(size_t aSize, AtomImpl* aAtom) CPP_THROW_NEW
{
  MOZ_ASSERT(!aAtom->IsPermanent(),
             "converting atom that's already permanent");

  // Just let the constructor overwrite the vtable pointer.
  return aAtom;
}

NS_IMETHODIMP
AtomImpl::ScriptableToString(nsAString& aBuf)
{
  nsStringBuffer::FromData(mString)->ToString(mLength, aBuf);
  return NS_OK;
}

NS_IMETHODIMP
AtomImpl::ToUTF8String(nsACString& aBuf)
{
  CopyUTF16toUTF8(nsDependentString(mString, mLength), aBuf);
  return NS_OK;
}

NS_IMETHODIMP_(bool)
AtomImpl::EqualsUTF8(const nsACString& aString)
{
  return CompareUTF8toUTF16(aString,
                            nsDependentString(mString, mLength)) == 0;
}

NS_IMETHODIMP
AtomImpl::ScriptableEquals(const nsAString& aString, bool* aResult)
{
  *aResult = aString.Equals(nsDependentString(mString, mLength));
  return NS_OK;
}

NS_IMETHODIMP_(bool)
AtomImpl::IsStaticAtom()
{
  return IsPermanent();
}

size_t
AtomImpl::SizeOfIncludingThis(MallocSizeOf aMallocSizeOf)
{
  size_t n = aMallocSizeOf(this);

  // Don't measure static atoms. Nb: here "static" means "permanent", and while
  // it's not guaranteed that permanent atoms are actually stored in static
  // data, it is very likely. And we don't want to call |aMallocSizeOf| on
  // static data, so we err on the side of caution.
  if (!IsStaticAtom()) {
    n += nsStringBuffer::FromData(mString)->SizeOfIncludingThisIfUnshared(
           aMallocSizeOf);
  }
  return n;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

static size_t
SizeOfAtomTableEntryExcludingThis(PLDHashEntryHdr* aHdr,
                                  MallocSizeOf aMallocSizeOf,
                                  void* aArg)
{
  AtomTableEntry* entry = static_cast<AtomTableEntry*>(aHdr);
  return entry->mAtom->SizeOfIncludingThis(aMallocSizeOf);
}

void
NS_SizeOfAtomTablesIncludingThis(MallocSizeOf aMallocSizeOf,
                                 size_t* aMain, size_t* aStatic)
{
  *aMain = gAtomTable
         ? PL_DHashTableSizeOfExcludingThis(gAtomTable,
                                            SizeOfAtomTableEntryExcludingThis,
                                            aMallocSizeOf)
         : 0;

  // The atoms in the this table are almost certainly stored in static data, so
  // we don't need a SizeOfEntry function.
  *aStatic = gStaticAtomTable
           ? gStaticAtomTable->SizeOfIncludingThis(nullptr, aMallocSizeOf)
           : 0;
}

#define ATOM_HASHTABLE_INITIAL_LENGTH  2048

static inline void
EnsureTableExists()
{
  if (!gAtomTable) {
    gAtomTable = new PLDHashTable(&AtomTableOps, sizeof(AtomTableEntry),
                                  ATOM_HASHTABLE_INITIAL_LENGTH);
  }
}

static inline AtomTableEntry*
GetAtomHashEntry(const char* aString, uint32_t aLength, uint32_t* aHashOut)
{
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread(), "wrong thread");
  EnsureTableExists();
  AtomTableKey key(aString, aLength, aHashOut);
  // This is an infallible add.
  return static_cast<AtomTableEntry*>(PL_DHashTableAdd(gAtomTable, &key));
}

static inline AtomTableEntry*
GetAtomHashEntry(const char16_t* aString, uint32_t aLength, uint32_t* aHashOut)
{
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread(), "wrong thread");
  EnsureTableExists();
  AtomTableKey key(aString, aLength, aHashOut);
  // This is an infallible add.
  return static_cast<AtomTableEntry*>(PL_DHashTableAdd(gAtomTable, &key));
}

class CheckStaticAtomSizes
{
  CheckStaticAtomSizes()
  {
    static_assert((sizeof(nsFakeStringBuffer<1>().mRefCnt) ==
                   sizeof(nsStringBuffer().mRefCount)) &&
                  (sizeof(nsFakeStringBuffer<1>().mSize) ==
                   sizeof(nsStringBuffer().mStorageSize)) &&
                  (offsetof(nsFakeStringBuffer<1>, mRefCnt) ==
                   offsetof(nsStringBuffer, mRefCount)) &&
                  (offsetof(nsFakeStringBuffer<1>, mSize) ==
                   offsetof(nsStringBuffer, mStorageSize)) &&
                  (offsetof(nsFakeStringBuffer<1>, mStringData) ==
                   sizeof(nsStringBuffer)),
                  "mocked-up strings' representations should be compatible");
  }
};

nsresult
RegisterStaticAtoms(const nsStaticAtom* aAtoms, uint32_t aAtomCount)
{
  if (!gStaticAtomTable && !gStaticAtomTableSealed) {
    gStaticAtomTable = new StaticAtomTable();
  }

  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < aAtomCount; ++i) {
    NS_ASSERTION(nsCRT::IsAscii((char16_t*)aAtoms[i].mStringBuffer->Data()),
                 "Static atoms must be ASCII!");

    uint32_t stringLen =
      aAtoms[i].mStringBuffer->StorageSize() / sizeof(char16_t) - 1;

    uint32_t hash;
    AtomTableEntry* he =
      GetAtomHashEntry((char16_t*)aAtoms[i].mStringBuffer->Data(),
                       stringLen, &hash);

    AtomImpl* atom = he->mAtom;
    if (atom) {
      if (!atom->IsPermanent()) {
        // We wanted to create a static atom but there is already a non-static
        // atom there. So convert it to a non-refcounting permanent atom.
        PromoteToPermanent(atom);
      }
    } else {
      atom = new PermanentAtomImpl(aAtoms[i].mStringBuffer, stringLen, hash);
      he->mAtom = atom;
    }
    *aAtoms[i].mAtom = atom;

    if (!gStaticAtomTableSealed) {
      StaticAtomEntry* entry =
        gStaticAtomTable->PutEntry(nsDependentAtomString(atom));
      entry->mAtom = atom;
    }
  }
  return NS_OK;
}

already_AddRefed<nsIAtom>
NS_NewAtom(const char* aUTF8String)
{
  return NS_NewAtom(nsDependentCString(aUTF8String));
}

already_AddRefed<nsIAtom>
NS_NewAtom(const nsACString& aUTF8String)
{
  uint32_t hash;
  AtomTableEntry* he = GetAtomHashEntry(aUTF8String.Data(),
                                        aUTF8String.Length(),
                                        &hash);

  if (he->mAtom) {
    nsCOMPtr<nsIAtom> atom = he->mAtom;

    return atom.forget();
  }

  // This results in an extra addref/release of the nsStringBuffer.
  // Unfortunately there doesn't seem to be any APIs to avoid that.
  // Actually, now there is, sort of: ForgetSharedBuffer.
  nsString str;
  CopyUTF8toUTF16(aUTF8String, str);
  nsRefPtr<AtomImpl> atom = new AtomImpl(str, hash);

  he->mAtom = atom;

  return atom.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<nsIAtom>
NS_NewAtom(const char16_t* aUTF16String)
{
  return NS_NewAtom(nsDependentString(aUTF16String));
}

already_AddRefed<nsIAtom>
NS_NewAtom(const nsAString& aUTF16String)
{
  uint32_t hash;
  AtomTableEntry* he = GetAtomHashEntry(aUTF16String.Data(),
                                        aUTF16String.Length(),
                                        &hash);

  if (he->mAtom) {
    nsCOMPtr<nsIAtom> atom = he->mAtom;

    return atom.forget();
  }

  nsRefPtr<AtomImpl> atom = new AtomImpl(aUTF16String, hash);
  he->mAtom = atom;

  return atom.forget();
}

nsIAtom*
NS_NewPermanentAtom(const nsAString& aUTF16String)
{
  uint32_t hash;
  AtomTableEntry* he = GetAtomHashEntry(aUTF16String.Data(),
                                        aUTF16String.Length(),
                                        &hash);

  AtomImpl* atom = he->mAtom;
  if (atom) {
    if (!atom->IsPermanent()) {
      PromoteToPermanent(atom);
    }
  } else {
    atom = new PermanentAtomImpl(aUTF16String, hash);
    he->mAtom = atom;
  }

  // No need to addref since permanent atoms aren't refcounted anyway
  return atom;
}

nsrefcnt
NS_GetNumberOfAtoms(void)
{
  MOZ_ASSERT(gAtomTable);
  return gAtomTable->EntryCount();
}

nsIAtom*
NS_GetStaticAtom(const nsAString& aUTF16String)
{
  NS_PRECONDITION(gStaticAtomTable, "Static atom table not created yet.");
  NS_PRECONDITION(gStaticAtomTableSealed, "Static atom table not sealed yet.");
  StaticAtomEntry* entry = gStaticAtomTable->GetEntry(aUTF16String);
  return entry ? entry->mAtom : nullptr;
}

void
NS_SealStaticAtomTable()
{
  gStaticAtomTableSealed = true;
}