/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
/* vim: set ts=8 sts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
* License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
* file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */

#ifndef CodeAddressService_h__
#define CodeAddressService_h__

#include "mozilla/Assertions.h"
#include "mozilla/HashFunctions.h"
#include "mozilla/MemoryReporting.h"
#include "mozilla/Types.h"

#include "nsStackWalk.h"

namespace mozilla {

// This class is used to print details about code locations.
//
// |StringTable| must implement an Intern() method that returns an interned
// copy of the string that was passed in, as well as a standard
// SizeOfExcludingThis() method.
//
// |StringAlloc| must implement |copy| and |free|. |copy| copies a string,
// while |free| is used to free strings created by |copy|.
//
// |Writer| must implement a printf-style varargs method Write().
//
// |DescribeCodeAddressLock| is needed when the callers may be holding a lock
// used by NS_DescribeCodeAddress.  |DescribeCodeAddressLock| must implement
// static methods IsLocked(), Unlock() and Lock().
template <class StringTable,
          class StringAlloc,
          class Writer,
          class DescribeCodeAddressLock>
class CodeAddressService
{
  // WriteLocation() is the key function in this class.  It's basically a
  // wrapper around NS_DescribeCodeAddress.
  //
  // However, NS_DescribeCodeAddress is very slow on some platforms, and we
  // have lots of repeated (i.e. same PC) calls to it.  So we do some caching
  // of results.  Each cached result includes two strings (|mFunction| and
  // |mLibrary|), so we also optimize them for space in the following ways.
  //
  // - The number of distinct library names is small, e.g. a few dozen.  There
  //   is lots of repetition, especially of libxul.  So we intern them in their
  //   own table, which saves space over duplicating them for each cache entry.
  //
  // - The number of distinct function names is much higher, so we duplicate
  //   them in each cache entry.  That's more space-efficient than interning
  //   because entries containing single-occurrence function names are quickly
  //   overwritten, and their copies released.  In addition, empty function
  //   names are common, so we use nullptr to represent them compactly.

  StringTable mLibraryStrings;

  struct Entry
  {
    const void* mPc;
    char*       mFunction;  // owned by the Entry;  may be null
    const char* mLibrary;   // owned by mLibraryStrings;  never null
                            //   in a non-empty entry is in use
    ptrdiff_t   mLOffset;
    char*       mFileName;  // owned by the Entry; may be null
    uint32_t    mLineNo:31;
    uint32_t    mInUse:1;   // is the entry used?

    Entry()
      : mPc(0), mFunction(nullptr), mLibrary(nullptr), mLOffset(0),
        mFileName(nullptr), mLineNo(0), mInUse(0)
    {}

    ~Entry()
    {
      // We don't free mLibrary because it's externally owned.
      StringAlloc::free(mFunction);
      StringAlloc::free(mFileName);
    }

    void Replace(const void* aPc, const char* aFunction,
                 const char* aLibrary, ptrdiff_t aLOffset,
                 const char* aFileName, unsigned long aLineNo)
    {
      mPc = aPc;

      // Convert "" to nullptr.  Otherwise, make a copy of the name.
      StringAlloc::free(mFunction);
      mFunction =
        !aFunction[0] ? nullptr : StringAlloc::copy(aFunction);
      StringAlloc::free(mFileName);
      mFileName =
        !aFileName[0] ? nullptr : StringAlloc::copy(aFileName);


      mLibrary = aLibrary;
      mLOffset = aLOffset;
      mLineNo = aLineNo;

      mInUse = 1;
    }

    size_t SizeOfExcludingThis(mozilla::MallocSizeOf aMallocSizeOf) const
    {
      // Don't measure mLibrary because it's externally owned.
      size_t n = 0;
      n += aMallocSizeOf(mFunction);
      n += aMallocSizeOf(mFileName);
      return n;
    }
  };

  // A direct-mapped cache.  When doing AnalyzeReports just after starting
  // desktop Firefox (which is similar to analyzing after a longer-running
  // session, thanks to the limit on how many records we print), a cache with
  // 2^24 entries (which approximates an infinite-entry cache) has a ~91% hit
  // rate.  A cache with 2^12 entries has a ~83% hit rate, and takes up ~85 KiB
  // (on 32-bit platforms) or ~150 KiB (on 64-bit platforms).
  static const size_t kNumEntries = 1 << 12;
  static const size_t kMask = kNumEntries - 1;
  Entry mEntries[kNumEntries];

  size_t mNumCacheHits;
  size_t mNumCacheMisses;

public:
  CodeAddressService()
    : mEntries(), mNumCacheHits(0), mNumCacheMisses(0)
  {
  }

  void WriteLocation(const Writer& aWriter, const void* aPc)
  {
    MOZ_ASSERT(DescribeCodeAddressLock::IsLocked());

    uint32_t index = HashGeneric(aPc) & kMask;
    MOZ_ASSERT(index < kNumEntries);
    Entry& entry = mEntries[index];

    if (!entry.mInUse || entry.mPc != aPc) {
      mNumCacheMisses++;

      // NS_DescribeCodeAddress can (on Linux) acquire a lock inside
      // the shared library loader.  Another thread might call malloc
      // while holding that lock (when loading a shared library).  So
      // we have to exit the lock around this call.  For details, see
      // https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=363334#c3
      nsCodeAddressDetails details;
      {
        DescribeCodeAddressLock::Unlock();
        (void)NS_DescribeCodeAddress(const_cast<void*>(aPc), &details);
        DescribeCodeAddressLock::Lock();
      }

      const char* library = mLibraryStrings.Intern(details.library);
      entry.Replace(aPc, details.function, library, details.loffset, details.filename, details.lineno);

    } else {
      mNumCacheHits++;
    }

    MOZ_ASSERT(entry.mPc == aPc);

    uintptr_t entryPc = (uintptr_t)(entry.mPc);
    // Sometimes we get nothing useful.  Just print "???" for the entire entry
    // so that fix-linux-stack.pl doesn't complain about an empty filename.
    if (!entry.mFunction && !entry.mLibrary[0] && entry.mLOffset == 0) {
      aWriter.Write("    ??? 0x%x\n", entryPc);
    } else {
      // Use "???" for unknown functions.
      const char* entryFunction = entry.mFunction ? entry.mFunction : "???";
      if (entry.mFileName) {
        // On Windows we can get the filename and line number at runtime.
        aWriter.Write("    %s (%s:%lu) 0x%x\n",
                      entryFunction, entry.mFileName, entry.mLineNo, entryPc);
      } else {
        // On Linux and Mac we cannot get the filename and line number at
        // runtime, so we print the offset in a form that fix-linux-stack.pl and
        // fix_macosx_stack.py can post-process.
        aWriter.Write("    %s[%s +0x%X] 0x%x\n",
                      entryFunction, entry.mLibrary, entry.mLOffset, entryPc);
      }
    }
  }

  size_t SizeOfIncludingThis(mozilla::MallocSizeOf aMallocSizeOf) const
  {
    size_t n = aMallocSizeOf(this);
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < kNumEntries; i++) {
      n += mEntries[i].SizeOfExcludingThis(aMallocSizeOf);
    }

    n += mLibraryStrings.SizeOfExcludingThis(aMallocSizeOf);

    return n;
  }

  size_t CacheCapacity() const { return kNumEntries; }

  size_t CacheCount() const
  {
    size_t n = 0;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumEntries; i++) {
      if (mEntries[i].mInUse) {
        n++;
      }
    }
    return n;
  }

  size_t NumCacheHits()   const { return mNumCacheHits; }
  size_t NumCacheMisses() const { return mNumCacheMisses; }
};

} // namespace mozilla

#endif // CodeAddressService_h__