diff --git a/addons/xterm-addon-canvas/src/BaseRenderLayer.ts b/addons/xterm-addon-canvas/src/BaseRenderLayer.ts
index 8c199336..62fe71a7 100644
--- a/addons/xterm-addon-canvas/src/BaseRenderLayer.ts
+++ b/addons/xterm-addon-canvas/src/BaseRenderLayer.ts
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ export abstract class BaseRenderLayer extends Disposable implements IRenderLayer
   ) {
     super();
     this._cellColorResolver = new CellColorResolver(this._terminal, this._selectionModel, this._decorationService, this._coreBrowserService, this._themeService);
-    this._canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
+    this._canvas = this._coreBrowserService.mainDocument.createElement('canvas');
     this._canvas.classList.add(`xterm-${id}-layer`);
     this._canvas.style.zIndex = zIndex.toString();
     this._initCanvas();
diff --git a/addons/xterm-addon-webgl/src/WebglRenderer.ts b/addons/xterm-addon-webgl/src/WebglRenderer.ts
index 8cc81b92..51749984 100644
--- a/addons/xterm-addon-webgl/src/WebglRenderer.ts
+++ b/addons/xterm-addon-webgl/src/WebglRenderer.ts
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ export class WebglRenderer extends Disposable implements IRenderer {
     this._updateCursorBlink();
     this.register(_optionsService.onOptionChange(() => this._handleOptionsChanged()));
 
-    this._canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
+    this._canvas = this._coreBrowserService.mainDocument.createElement('canvas');
 
     const contextAttributes = {
       antialias: false,
diff --git a/addons/xterm-addon-webgl/src/renderLayer/BaseRenderLayer.ts b/addons/xterm-addon-webgl/src/renderLayer/BaseRenderLayer.ts
index 3aaac435..11f96ed8 100644
--- a/addons/xterm-addon-webgl/src/renderLayer/BaseRenderLayer.ts
+++ b/addons/xterm-addon-webgl/src/renderLayer/BaseRenderLayer.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ export abstract class BaseRenderLayer extends Disposable implements IRenderLayer
     protected readonly _themeService: IThemeService
   ) {
     super();
-    this._canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
+    this._canvas = this._coreBrowserService.mainDocument.createElement('canvas');
     this._canvas.classList.add(`xterm-${id}-layer`);
     this._canvas.style.zIndex = zIndex.toString();
     this._initCanvas();
diff --git a/src/browser/AccessibilityManager.ts b/src/browser/AccessibilityManager.ts
index c878bd0a..5f529589 100644
--- a/src/browser/AccessibilityManager.ts
+++ b/src/browser/AccessibilityManager.ts
@@ -7,10 +7,9 @@ import * as Strings from 'browser/LocalizableStrings';
 import { ITerminal, IRenderDebouncer } from 'browser/Types';
 import { TimeBasedDebouncer } from 'browser/TimeBasedDebouncer';
 import { Disposable, toDisposable } from 'common/Lifecycle';
-import { ScreenDprMonitor } from 'browser/ScreenDprMonitor';
-import { IRenderService } from 'browser/services/Services';
-import { addDisposableDomListener } from 'browser/Lifecycle';
+import { ICoreBrowserService, IRenderService } from 'browser/services/Services';
 import { IBuffer } from 'common/buffer/Types';
+import { IInstantiationService } from 'common/services/Services';
 
 const MAX_ROWS_TO_READ = 20;
 
@@ -29,8 +28,6 @@ export class AccessibilityManager extends Disposable {
   private _liveRegionLineCount: number = 0;
   private _liveRegionDebouncer: IRenderDebouncer;
 
-  private _screenDprMonitor: ScreenDprMonitor;
-
   private _topBoundaryFocusListener: (e: FocusEvent) => void;
   private _bottomBoundaryFocusListener: (e: FocusEvent) => void;
 
@@ -49,13 +46,15 @@ export class AccessibilityManager extends Disposable {
 
   constructor(
     private readonly _terminal: ITerminal,
+    @IInstantiationService instantiationService: IInstantiationService,
+    @ICoreBrowserService private readonly _coreBrowserService: ICoreBrowserService,
     @IRenderService private readonly _renderService: IRenderService
   ) {
     super();
-    this._accessibilityContainer = document.createElement('div');
+    this._accessibilityContainer = this._coreBrowserService.mainDocument.createElement('div');
     this._accessibilityContainer.classList.add('xterm-accessibility');
 
-    this._rowContainer = document.createElement('div');
+    this._rowContainer = this._coreBrowserService.mainDocument.createElement('div');
     this._rowContainer.setAttribute('role', 'list');
     this._rowContainer.classList.add('xterm-accessibility-tree');
     this._rowElements = [];
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ export class AccessibilityManager extends Disposable {
     this._refreshRowsDimensions();
     this._accessibilityContainer.appendChild(this._rowContainer);
 
-    this._liveRegion = document.createElement('div');
+    this._liveRegion = this._coreBrowserService.mainDocument.createElement('div');
     this._liveRegion.classList.add('live-region');
     this._liveRegion.setAttribute('aria-live', 'assertive');
     this._accessibilityContainer.appendChild(this._liveRegion);
@@ -93,13 +92,7 @@ export class AccessibilityManager extends Disposable {
     this.register(this._terminal.onKey(e => this._handleKey(e.key)));
     this.register(this._terminal.onBlur(() => this._clearLiveRegion()));
     this.register(this._renderService.onDimensionsChange(() => this._refreshRowsDimensions()));
-
-    this._screenDprMonitor = new ScreenDprMonitor(window);
-    this.register(this._screenDprMonitor);
-    this._screenDprMonitor.setListener(() => this._refreshRowsDimensions());
-    // This shouldn't be needed on modern browsers but is present in case the
-    // media query that drives the ScreenDprMonitor isn't supported
-    this.register(addDisposableDomListener(window, 'resize', () => this._refreshRowsDimensions()));
+    this.register(this._coreBrowserService.onDprChange(() => this._refreshRowsDimensions()));
 
     this._refreshRows();
     this.register(toDisposable(() => {
@@ -261,7 +254,7 @@ export class AccessibilityManager extends Disposable {
   }
 
   private _createAccessibilityTreeNode(): HTMLElement {
-    const element = document.createElement('div');
+    const element = this._coreBrowserService.mainDocument.createElement('div');
     element.setAttribute('role', 'listitem');
     element.tabIndex = -1;
     this._refreshRowDimensions(element);
diff --git a/src/browser/ScreenDprMonitor.ts b/src/browser/ScreenDprMonitor.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 1c3f31b7..00000000
--- a/src/browser/ScreenDprMonitor.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Copyright (c) 2017 The xterm.js authors. All rights reserved.
- * @license MIT
- */
-
-import { Disposable, toDisposable } from 'common/Lifecycle';
-
-export type ScreenDprListener = (newDevicePixelRatio?: number, oldDevicePixelRatio?: number) => void;
-
-/**
- * The screen device pixel ratio monitor allows listening for when the
- * window.devicePixelRatio value changes. This is done not with polling but with
- * the use of window.matchMedia to watch media queries. When the event fires,
- * the listener will be reattached using a different media query to ensure that
- * any further changes will register.
- *
- * The listener should fire on both window zoom changes and switching to a
- * monitor with a different DPI.
- */
-export class ScreenDprMonitor extends Disposable {
-  private _currentDevicePixelRatio: number;
-  private _outerListener: ((this: MediaQueryList, ev: MediaQueryListEvent) => any) | undefined;
-  private _listener: ScreenDprListener | undefined;
-  private _resolutionMediaMatchList: MediaQueryList | undefined;
-
-  constructor(private _parentWindow: Window) {
-    super();
-    this._currentDevicePixelRatio = this._parentWindow.devicePixelRatio;
-    this.register(toDisposable(() => {
-      this.clearListener();
-    }));
-  }
-
-  public setListener(listener: ScreenDprListener): void {
-    if (this._listener) {
-      this.clearListener();
-    }
-    this._listener = listener;
-    this._outerListener = () => {
-      if (!this._listener) {
-        return;
-      }
-      this._listener(this._parentWindow.devicePixelRatio, this._currentDevicePixelRatio);
-      this._updateDpr();
-    };
-    this._updateDpr();
-  }
-
-  private _updateDpr(): void {
-    if (!this._outerListener) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    // Clear listeners for old DPR
-    this._resolutionMediaMatchList?.removeListener(this._outerListener);
-
-    // Add listeners for new DPR
-    this._currentDevicePixelRatio = this._parentWindow.devicePixelRatio;
-    this._resolutionMediaMatchList = this._parentWindow.matchMedia(`screen and (resolution: ${this._parentWindow.devicePixelRatio}dppx)`);
-    this._resolutionMediaMatchList.addListener(this._outerListener);
-  }
-
-  public clearListener(): void {
-    if (!this._resolutionMediaMatchList || !this._listener || !this._outerListener) {
-      return;
-    }
-    this._resolutionMediaMatchList.removeListener(this._outerListener);
-    this._resolutionMediaMatchList = undefined;
-    this._listener = undefined;
-    this._outerListener = undefined;
-  }
-}
diff --git a/src/browser/Terminal.ts b/src/browser/Terminal.ts
index 12963b4c..281bebd5 100644
--- a/src/browser/Terminal.ts
+++ b/src/browser/Terminal.ts
@@ -58,9 +58,6 @@ import { IDecoration, IDecorationOptions, IDisposable, ILinkProvider, IMarker, I
 import { WindowsOptionsReportType } from '../common/InputHandler';
 import { AccessibilityManager } from './AccessibilityManager';
 
-// Let it work inside Node.js for automated testing purposes.
-const document: Document = (typeof window !== 'undefined') ? window.document : null as any;
-
 export class Terminal extends CoreTerminal implements ITerminal {
   public textarea: HTMLTextAreaElement | undefined;
   public element: HTMLElement | undefined;
@@ -399,7 +396,19 @@ export class Terminal extends CoreTerminal implements ITerminal {
       this._logService.debug('Terminal.open was called on an element that was not attached to the DOM');
     }
 
-    this._document = parent.ownerDocument!;
+    // If the terminal is already opened
+    if (this.element?.ownerDocument.defaultView && this._coreBrowserService) {
+      // Adjust the window if needed
+      if (this.element.ownerDocument.defaultView !== this._coreBrowserService.window) {
+        this._coreBrowserService.window = this.element.ownerDocument.defaultView;
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this._document = parent.ownerDocument;
+    if (this.options.documentOverride && this.options.documentOverride instanceof Document) {
+      this._document = this.optionsService.rawOptions.documentOverride as Document;
+    }
 
     // Create main element container
     this.element = this._document.createElement('div');
@@ -410,25 +419,25 @@ export class Terminal extends CoreTerminal implements ITerminal {
 
     // Performance: Use a document fragment to build the terminal
     // viewport and helper elements detached from the DOM
-    const fragment = document.createDocumentFragment();
-    this._viewportElement = document.createElement('div');
+    const fragment = this._document.createDocumentFragment();
+    this._viewportElement = this._document.createElement('div');
     this._viewportElement.classList.add('xterm-viewport');
     fragment.appendChild(this._viewportElement);
 
-    this._viewportScrollArea = document.createElement('div');
+    this._viewportScrollArea = this._document.createElement('div');
     this._viewportScrollArea.classList.add('xterm-scroll-area');
     this._viewportElement.appendChild(this._viewportScrollArea);
 
-    this.screenElement = document.createElement('div');
+    this.screenElement = this._document.createElement('div');
     this.screenElement.classList.add('xterm-screen');
     // Create the container that will hold helpers like the textarea for
     // capturing DOM Events. Then produce the helpers.
-    this._helperContainer = document.createElement('div');
+    this._helperContainer = this._document.createElement('div');
     this._helperContainer.classList.add('xterm-helpers');
     this.screenElement.appendChild(this._helperContainer);
     fragment.appendChild(this.screenElement);
 
-    this.textarea = document.createElement('textarea');
+    this.textarea = this._document.createElement('textarea');
     this.textarea.classList.add('xterm-helper-textarea');
     this.textarea.setAttribute('aria-label', Strings.promptLabel);
     if (!Browser.isChromeOS) {
@@ -443,7 +452,12 @@ export class Terminal extends CoreTerminal implements ITerminal {
 
     // Register the core browser service before the generic textarea handlers are registered so it
     // handles them first. Otherwise the renderers may use the wrong focus state.
-    this._coreBrowserService = this._instantiationService.createInstance(CoreBrowserService, this.textarea, this._document.defaultView ?? window);
+    this._coreBrowserService = this.register(this._instantiationService.createInstance(CoreBrowserService,
+      this.textarea,
+      parent.ownerDocument.defaultView ?? window,
+      // Force unsafe null in node.js environment for tests
+      this._document ?? (typeof window !== 'undefined') ? window.document : null as any
+    ));
     this._instantiationService.setService(ICoreBrowserService, this._coreBrowserService);
 
     this.register(addDisposableDomListener(this.textarea, 'focus', (ev: KeyboardEvent) => this._handleTextAreaFocus(ev)));
@@ -465,7 +479,7 @@ export class Terminal extends CoreTerminal implements ITerminal {
     this.register(this._renderService.onRenderedViewportChange(e => this._onRender.fire(e)));
     this.onResize(e => this._renderService!.resize(e.cols, e.rows));
 
-    this._compositionView = document.createElement('div');
+    this._compositionView = this._document.createElement('div');
     this._compositionView.classList.add('composition-view');
     this._compositionHelper = this._instantiationService.createInstance(CompositionHelper, this.textarea, this._compositionView);
     this._helperContainer.appendChild(this._compositionView);
diff --git a/src/browser/TestUtils.test.ts b/src/browser/TestUtils.test.ts
index e38017e1..3b3f39f6 100644
--- a/src/browser/TestUtils.test.ts
+++ b/src/browser/TestUtils.test.ts
@@ -353,11 +353,16 @@ export class MockCompositionHelper implements ICompositionHelper {
 }
 
 export class MockCoreBrowserService implements ICoreBrowserService {
+  public onDprChange = new EventEmitter<number>().event;
+  public onWindowChange = new EventEmitter<Window & typeof globalThis, void>().event;
   public serviceBrand: undefined;
   public isFocused: boolean = true;
   public get window(): Window & typeof globalThis {
     throw Error('Window object not available in tests');
   }
+  public get mainDocument(): Document {
+    throw Error('Document object not available in tests');
+  }
   public dpr: number = 1;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/browser/decorations/BufferDecorationRenderer.ts b/src/browser/decorations/BufferDecorationRenderer.ts
index ba4f6ca8..6ba9ae1e 100644
--- a/src/browser/decorations/BufferDecorationRenderer.ts
+++ b/src/browser/decorations/BufferDecorationRenderer.ts
@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
  *  Licensed under the MIT License. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
  *--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-import { addDisposableDomListener } from 'browser/Lifecycle';
-import { IRenderService } from 'browser/services/Services';
+import { ICoreBrowserService, IRenderService } from 'browser/services/Services';
 import { Disposable, toDisposable } from 'common/Lifecycle';
 import { IBufferService, IDecorationService, IInternalDecoration } from 'common/services/Services';
 
@@ -19,6 +18,7 @@ export class BufferDecorationRenderer extends Disposable {
   constructor(
     private readonly _screenElement: HTMLElement,
     @IBufferService private readonly _bufferService: IBufferService,
+    @ICoreBrowserService private readonly _coreBrowserService: ICoreBrowserService,
     @IDecorationService private readonly _decorationService: IDecorationService,
     @IRenderService private readonly _renderService: IRenderService
   ) {
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export class BufferDecorationRenderer extends Disposable {
       this._dimensionsChanged = true;
       this._queueRefresh();
     }));
-    this.register(addDisposableDomListener(window, 'resize', () => this._queueRefresh()));
+    this.register(this._coreBrowserService.onDprChange(() => this._queueRefresh()));
     this.register(this._bufferService.buffers.onBufferActivate(() => {
       this._altBufferIsActive = this._bufferService.buffer === this._bufferService.buffers.alt;
     }));
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ export class BufferDecorationRenderer extends Disposable {
   }
 
   private _createElement(decoration: IInternalDecoration): HTMLElement {
-    const element = document.createElement('div');
+    const element = this._coreBrowserService.mainDocument.createElement('div');
     element.classList.add('xterm-decoration');
     element.classList.toggle('xterm-decoration-top-layer', decoration?.options?.layer === 'top');
     element.style.width = `${Math.round((decoration.options.width || 1) * this._renderService.dimensions.css.cell.width)}px`;
diff --git a/src/browser/decorations/OverviewRulerRenderer.ts b/src/browser/decorations/OverviewRulerRenderer.ts
index d5765385..103d5d9a 100644
--- a/src/browser/decorations/OverviewRulerRenderer.ts
+++ b/src/browser/decorations/OverviewRulerRenderer.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
  *--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 import { ColorZoneStore, IColorZone, IColorZoneStore } from 'browser/decorations/ColorZoneStore';
-import { addDisposableDomListener } from 'browser/Lifecycle';
 import { ICoreBrowserService, IRenderService } from 'browser/services/Services';
 import { Disposable, toDisposable } from 'common/Lifecycle';
 import { IBufferService, IDecorationService, IOptionsService } from 'common/services/Services';
@@ -52,10 +51,10 @@ export class OverviewRulerRenderer extends Disposable {
     @IDecorationService private readonly _decorationService: IDecorationService,
     @IRenderService private readonly _renderService: IRenderService,
     @IOptionsService private readonly _optionsService: IOptionsService,
-    @ICoreBrowserService private readonly _coreBrowseService: ICoreBrowserService
+    @ICoreBrowserService private readonly _coreBrowserService: ICoreBrowserService
   ) {
     super();
-    this._canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
+    this._canvas = this._coreBrowserService.mainDocument.createElement('canvas');
     this._canvas.classList.add('xterm-decoration-overview-ruler');
     this._refreshCanvasDimensions();
     this._viewportElement.parentElement?.insertBefore(this._canvas, this._viewportElement);
@@ -112,7 +111,7 @@ export class OverviewRulerRenderer extends Disposable {
     // overview ruler width changed
     this.register(this._optionsService.onSpecificOptionChange('overviewRulerWidth', () => this._queueRefresh(true)));
     // device pixel ratio changed
-    this.register(addDisposableDomListener(this._coreBrowseService.window, 'resize', () => this._queueRefresh(true)));
+    this.register(this._coreBrowserService.onDprChange(() => this._queueRefresh(true)));
     // set the canvas dimensions
     this._queueRefresh(true);
   }
@@ -135,11 +134,11 @@ export class OverviewRulerRenderer extends Disposable {
   }
 
   private _refreshDrawHeightConstants(): void {
-    drawHeight.full = Math.round(2 * this._coreBrowseService.dpr);
+    drawHeight.full = Math.round(2 * this._coreBrowserService.dpr);
     // Calculate actual pixels per line
     const pixelsPerLine = this._canvas.height / this._bufferService.buffer.lines.length;
     // Clamp actual pixels within a range
-    const nonFullHeight = Math.round(Math.max(Math.min(pixelsPerLine, 12), 6) * this._coreBrowseService.dpr);
+    const nonFullHeight = Math.round(Math.max(Math.min(pixelsPerLine, 12), 6) * this._coreBrowserService.dpr);
     drawHeight.left = nonFullHeight;
     drawHeight.center = nonFullHeight;
     drawHeight.right = nonFullHeight;
@@ -157,9 +156,9 @@ export class OverviewRulerRenderer extends Disposable {
 
   private _refreshCanvasDimensions(): void {
     this._canvas.style.width = `${this._width}px`;
-    this._canvas.width = Math.round(this._width * this._coreBrowseService.dpr);
+    this._canvas.width = Math.round(this._width * this._coreBrowserService.dpr);
     this._canvas.style.height = `${this._screenElement.clientHeight}px`;
-    this._canvas.height = Math.round(this._screenElement.clientHeight * this._coreBrowseService.dpr);
+    this._canvas.height = Math.round(this._screenElement.clientHeight * this._coreBrowserService.dpr);
     this._refreshDrawConstants();
     this._refreshColorZonePadding();
   }
@@ -211,7 +210,7 @@ export class OverviewRulerRenderer extends Disposable {
     if (this._animationFrame !== undefined) {
       return;
     }
-    this._animationFrame = this._coreBrowseService.window.requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+    this._animationFrame = this._coreBrowserService.window.requestAnimationFrame(() => {
       this._refreshDecorations();
       this._animationFrame = undefined;
     });
diff --git a/src/browser/renderer/shared/CustomGlyphs.ts b/src/browser/renderer/shared/CustomGlyphs.ts
index c08bc4b1..cf6292af 100644
--- a/src/browser/renderer/shared/CustomGlyphs.ts
+++ b/src/browser/renderer/shared/CustomGlyphs.ts
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ function drawPatternChar(
   if (!pattern) {
     const width = charDefinition[0].length;
     const height = charDefinition.length;
-    const tmpCanvas = document.createElement('canvas');
+    const tmpCanvas = ctx.canvas.ownerDocument.createElement('canvas');
     tmpCanvas.width = width;
     tmpCanvas.height = height;
     const tmpCtx = throwIfFalsy(tmpCanvas.getContext('2d'));
diff --git a/src/browser/services/CoreBrowserService.ts b/src/browser/services/CoreBrowserService.ts
index e992f255..575b62b6 100644
--- a/src/browser/services/CoreBrowserService.ts
+++ b/src/browser/services/CoreBrowserService.ts
@@ -3,22 +3,49 @@
  * @license MIT
  */
 
+import { Disposable, MutableDisposable, toDisposable } from 'common/Lifecycle';
 import { ICoreBrowserService } from './Services';
+import { EventEmitter, forwardEvent } from 'common/EventEmitter';
+import { addDisposableDomListener } from 'browser/Lifecycle';
 
-export class CoreBrowserService implements ICoreBrowserService {
+export class CoreBrowserService extends Disposable implements ICoreBrowserService {
   public serviceBrand: undefined;
 
   private _isFocused = false;
   private _cachedIsFocused: boolean | undefined = undefined;
+  private _screenDprMonitor = new ScreenDprMonitor(this._window);
+
+  private readonly _onDprChange = this.register(new EventEmitter<number>());
+  public readonly onDprChange = this._onDprChange.event;
+  private readonly _onWindowChange = this.register(new EventEmitter<Window & typeof globalThis>());
+  public readonly onWindowChange = this._onWindowChange.event;
 
   constructor(
     private _textarea: HTMLTextAreaElement,
-    public readonly window: Window & typeof globalThis
+    private _window: Window & typeof globalThis,
+    public readonly mainDocument: Document
   ) {
+    super();
+
+    // Monitor device pixel ratio
+    this.register(this.onWindowChange(w => this._screenDprMonitor.setWindow(w)));
+    this.register(forwardEvent(this._screenDprMonitor.onDprChange, this._onDprChange));
+
     this._textarea.addEventListener('focus', () => this._isFocused = true);
     this._textarea.addEventListener('blur', () => this._isFocused = false);
   }
 
+  public get window(): Window & typeof globalThis {
+    return this._window;
+  }
+
+  public set window(value: Window & typeof globalThis) {
+    if (this._window !== value) {
+      this._window = value;
+      this._onWindowChange.fire(this._window);
+    }
+  }
+
   public get dpr(): number {
     return this.window.devicePixelRatio;
   }
@@ -31,3 +58,80 @@ export class CoreBrowserService implements ICoreBrowserService {
     return this._cachedIsFocused;
   }
 }
+
+
+/**
+ * The screen device pixel ratio monitor allows listening for when the
+ * window.devicePixelRatio value changes. This is done not with polling but with
+ * the use of window.matchMedia to watch media queries. When the event fires,
+ * the listener will be reattached using a different media query to ensure that
+ * any further changes will register.
+ *
+ * The listener should fire on both window zoom changes and switching to a
+ * monitor with a different DPI.
+ */
+class ScreenDprMonitor extends Disposable {
+  private _currentDevicePixelRatio: number;
+  private _outerListener: ((this: MediaQueryList, ev: MediaQueryListEvent) => any) | undefined;
+  private _resolutionMediaMatchList: MediaQueryList | undefined;
+  private _windowResizeListener = this.register(new MutableDisposable());
+
+  private readonly _onDprChange = this.register(new EventEmitter<number>());
+  public readonly onDprChange = this._onDprChange.event;
+
+  constructor(private _parentWindow: Window) {
+    super();
+
+    // Initialize listener and dpr value
+    this._outerListener = () => this._setDprAndFireIfDiffers();
+    this._currentDevicePixelRatio = this._parentWindow.devicePixelRatio;
+    this._updateDpr();
+
+    // Monitor active window resize
+    this._setWindowResizeListener();
+
+    // Setup additional disposables
+    this.register(toDisposable(() => this.clearListener()));
+  }
+
+
+  public setWindow(parentWindow: Window): void {
+    this._parentWindow = parentWindow;
+    this._setWindowResizeListener();
+    this._setDprAndFireIfDiffers();
+  }
+
+  private _setWindowResizeListener(): void {
+    this._windowResizeListener.value = addDisposableDomListener(this._parentWindow, 'resize', () => this._setDprAndFireIfDiffers());
+  }
+
+  private _setDprAndFireIfDiffers(): void {
+    if (this._parentWindow.devicePixelRatio !== this._currentDevicePixelRatio) {
+      this._onDprChange.fire(this._parentWindow.devicePixelRatio);
+    }
+    this._updateDpr();
+  }
+
+  private _updateDpr(): void {
+    if (!this._outerListener) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Clear listeners for old DPR
+    this._resolutionMediaMatchList?.removeListener(this._outerListener);
+
+    // Add listeners for new DPR
+    this._currentDevicePixelRatio = this._parentWindow.devicePixelRatio;
+    this._resolutionMediaMatchList = this._parentWindow.matchMedia(`screen and (resolution: ${this._parentWindow.devicePixelRatio}dppx)`);
+    this._resolutionMediaMatchList.addListener(this._outerListener);
+  }
+
+  public clearListener(): void {
+    if (!this._resolutionMediaMatchList || !this._outerListener) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this._resolutionMediaMatchList.removeListener(this._outerListener);
+    this._resolutionMediaMatchList = undefined;
+    this._outerListener = undefined;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/browser/services/RenderService.ts b/src/browser/services/RenderService.ts
index e6d259c2..9fa8d234 100644
--- a/src/browser/services/RenderService.ts
+++ b/src/browser/services/RenderService.ts
@@ -3,16 +3,14 @@
  * @license MIT
  */
 
-import { addDisposableDomListener } from 'browser/Lifecycle';
 import { RenderDebouncer } from 'browser/RenderDebouncer';
-import { ScreenDprMonitor } from 'browser/ScreenDprMonitor';
 import { IRenderDebouncerWithCallback } from 'browser/Types';
 import { IRenderDimensions, IRenderer } from 'browser/renderer/shared/Types';
 import { ICharSizeService, ICoreBrowserService, IRenderService, IThemeService } from 'browser/services/Services';
 import { EventEmitter } from 'common/EventEmitter';
 import { Disposable, MutableDisposable } from 'common/Lifecycle';
 import { DebouncedIdleTask } from 'common/TaskQueue';
-import { IBufferService, IDecorationService, IOptionsService } from 'common/services/Services';
+import { IBufferService, IDecorationService, IInstantiationService, IOptionsService } from 'common/services/Services';
 
 interface ISelectionState {
   start: [number, number] | undefined;
@@ -25,7 +23,6 @@ export class RenderService extends Disposable implements IRenderService {
 
   private _renderer: MutableDisposable<IRenderer> = this.register(new MutableDisposable());
   private _renderDebouncer: IRenderDebouncerWithCallback;
-  private _screenDprMonitor: ScreenDprMonitor;
   private _pausedResizeTask = new DebouncedIdleTask();
 
   private _isPaused: boolean = false;
@@ -59,6 +56,7 @@ export class RenderService extends Disposable implements IRenderService {
     @IDecorationService decorationService: IDecorationService,
     @IBufferService bufferService: IBufferService,
     @ICoreBrowserService coreBrowserService: ICoreBrowserService,
+    @IInstantiationService instantiationService: IInstantiationService,
     @IThemeService themeService: IThemeService
   ) {
     super();
@@ -66,9 +64,7 @@ export class RenderService extends Disposable implements IRenderService {
     this._renderDebouncer = new RenderDebouncer(coreBrowserService.window, (start, end) => this._renderRows(start, end));
     this.register(this._renderDebouncer);
 
-    this._screenDprMonitor = new ScreenDprMonitor(coreBrowserService.window);
-    this._screenDprMonitor.setListener(() => this.handleDevicePixelRatioChange());
-    this.register(this._screenDprMonitor);
+    this.register(coreBrowserService.onDprChange(() => this.handleDevicePixelRatioChange()));
 
     this.register(bufferService.onResize(() => this._fullRefresh()));
     this.register(bufferService.buffers.onBufferActivate(() => this._renderer.value?.clear()));
@@ -104,10 +100,6 @@ export class RenderService extends Disposable implements IRenderService {
       'cursorStyle'
     ], () => this.refreshRows(bufferService.buffer.y, bufferService.buffer.y, true)));
 
-    // dprchange should handle this case, we need this as well for browsers that don't support the
-    // matchMedia query.
-    this.register(addDisposableDomListener(coreBrowserService.window, 'resize', () => this.handleDevicePixelRatioChange()));
-
     this.register(themeService.onChangeColors(() => this._fullRefresh()));
 
     // Detect whether IntersectionObserver is detected and enable renderer pause
diff --git a/src/browser/services/Services.ts b/src/browser/services/Services.ts
index d96285f7..5c14fa8a 100644
--- a/src/browser/services/Services.ts
+++ b/src/browser/services/Services.ts
@@ -28,12 +28,21 @@ export interface ICoreBrowserService {
   serviceBrand: undefined;
 
   readonly isFocused: boolean;
+
+  readonly onDprChange: IEvent<number>;
+  readonly onWindowChange: IEvent<Window & typeof globalThis>;
+
   /**
-   * Parent window that the terminal is rendered into. DOM and rendering APIs
-   * (e.g. requestAnimationFrame) should be invoked in the context of this
-   * window.
+   * Gets or sets the parent window that the terminal is rendered into. DOM and rendering APIs (e.g.
+   * requestAnimationFrame) should be invoked in the context of this window. This should be set when
+   * the window hosting the xterm.js instance changes.
    */
-  readonly window: Window & typeof globalThis;
+  window: Window & typeof globalThis;
+  /**
+   * The document of the primary window to be used to create elements when working with multiple
+   * windows. This is defined by the documentOverride setting.
+   */
+  readonly mainDocument: Document;
   /**
    * Helper for getting the devicePixelRatio of the parent window.
    */
diff --git a/src/common/Color.ts b/src/common/Color.ts
index 108d72f3..9bfed4e6 100644
--- a/src/common/Color.ts
+++ b/src/common/Color.ts
@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ export namespace css {
   let $ctx: CanvasRenderingContext2D | undefined;
   let $litmusColor: CanvasGradient | undefined;
   if (!isNode) {
+    // This is guaranteed to run in the first window, so document should be correct
     const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
     canvas.width = 1;
     canvas.height = 1;
diff --git a/src/common/EventEmitter.ts b/src/common/EventEmitter.ts
index fd959042..589748a3 100644
--- a/src/common/EventEmitter.ts
+++ b/src/common/EventEmitter.ts
@@ -71,3 +71,8 @@ export class EventEmitter<T, U = void> implements IEventEmitter<T, U> {
 export function forwardEvent<T>(from: IEvent<T>, to: IEventEmitter<T>): IDisposable {
   return from(e => to.fire(e));
 }
+
+export function runAndSubscribe<T>(event: IEvent<T>, handler: (e: T | undefined) => any): IDisposable {
+  handler(undefined);
+  return event(e => handler(e));
+}
diff --git a/src/common/Platform.ts b/src/common/Platform.ts
index 41d8552e..1007fc0a 100644
--- a/src/common/Platform.ts
+++ b/src/common/Platform.ts
@@ -12,8 +12,9 @@ interface INavigator {
 // We're declaring a navigator global here as we expect it in all runtimes (node and browser), but
 // we want this module to live in common.
 declare const navigator: INavigator;
+declare const process: unknown;
 
-export const isNode = (typeof navigator === 'undefined') ? true : false;
+export const isNode = (typeof process !== 'undefined') ? true : false;
 const userAgent = (isNode) ? 'node' : navigator.userAgent;
 const platform = (isNode) ? 'node' : navigator.platform;
 
diff --git a/src/common/services/OptionsService.ts b/src/common/services/OptionsService.ts
index 5907d2da..17741596 100644
--- a/src/common/services/OptionsService.ts
+++ b/src/common/services/OptionsService.ts
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ export const DEFAULT_OPTIONS: Readonly<Required<ITerminalOptions>> = {
   cursorInactiveStyle: 'outline',
   customGlyphs: true,
   drawBoldTextInBrightColors: true,
+  documentOverride: null,
   fastScrollModifier: 'alt',
   fastScrollSensitivity: 5,
   fontFamily: 'courier-new, courier, monospace',
diff --git a/src/common/services/Services.ts b/src/common/services/Services.ts
index b68189af..e7108855 100644
--- a/src/common/services/Services.ts
+++ b/src/common/services/Services.ts
@@ -218,6 +218,7 @@ export interface ITerminalOptions {
   cursorInactiveStyle?: CursorInactiveStyle;
   customGlyphs?: boolean;
   disableStdin?: boolean;
+  documentOverride?: any | null;
   drawBoldTextInBrightColors?: boolean;
   fastScrollModifier?: 'none' | 'alt' | 'ctrl' | 'shift';
   fastScrollSensitivity?: number;
diff --git a/typings/xterm.d.ts b/typings/xterm.d.ts
index ba5b1630..d93e1d4c 100644
--- a/typings/xterm.d.ts
+++ b/typings/xterm.d.ts
@@ -95,6 +95,17 @@ declare module 'xterm' {
      */
     disableStdin?: boolean;
 
+    /**
+     * A {@link Document} to use instead of the one that xterm.js was attached
+     * to. The purpose of this is to improve support in multi-window
+     * applications where HTML elements may be references across multiple
+     * windows which can cause problems with `instanceof`.
+     *
+     * The type is `any` because using `Document` can cause TS to have
+     * performance/compiler problems.
+     */
+    documentOverride?: any | null;
+
     /**
      * Whether to draw bold text in bright colors. The default is true.
      */
@@ -968,7 +979,8 @@ declare module 'xterm' {
     resize(columns: number, rows: number): void;
 
     /**
-     * Opens the terminal within an element.
+     * Opens the terminal within an element. This should also be called if the
+     * xterm.js element ever changes browser window.
      * @param parent The element to create the terminal within. This element
      * must be visible (have dimensions) when `open` is called as several DOM-
      * based measurements need to be performed when this function is called.
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index ffebb5c5..a0cb39da 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -15,6 +15,14 @@
     "@jridgewell/gen-mapping" "^0.3.0"
     "@jridgewell/trace-mapping" "^0.3.9"
 
+"@babel/code-frame@^7.22.13":
+  version "7.22.13"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/code-frame/-/code-frame-7.22.13.tgz#e3c1c099402598483b7a8c46a721d1038803755e"
+  integrity sha512-XktuhWlJ5g+3TJXc5upd9Ks1HutSArik6jf2eAjYFyIOf4ej3RN+184cZbzDvbPnuTJIUhPKKJE3cIsYTiAT3w==
+  dependencies:
+    "@babel/highlight" "^7.22.13"
+    chalk "^2.4.2"
+
 "@babel/code-frame@^7.22.5":
   version "7.22.5"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/code-frame/-/code-frame-7.22.5.tgz#234d98e1551960604f1246e6475891a570ad5658"
@@ -48,7 +56,7 @@
     json5 "^2.2.2"
     semver "^6.3.1"
 
-"@babel/generator@^7.22.7", "@babel/generator@^7.22.9":
+"@babel/generator@^7.22.9":
   version "7.22.9"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/generator/-/generator-7.22.9.tgz#572ecfa7a31002fa1de2a9d91621fd895da8493d"
   integrity sha512-KtLMbmicyuK2Ak/FTCJVbDnkN1SlT8/kceFTiuDiiRUUSMnHMidxSCdG4ndkTOHHpoomWe/4xkvHkEOncwjYIw==
@@ -58,6 +66,16 @@
     "@jridgewell/trace-mapping" "^0.3.17"
     jsesc "^2.5.1"
 
+"@babel/generator@^7.23.0":
+  version "7.23.0"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/generator/-/generator-7.23.0.tgz#df5c386e2218be505b34837acbcb874d7a983420"
+  integrity sha512-lN85QRR+5IbYrMWM6Y4pE/noaQtg4pNiqeNGX60eqOfo6gtEj6uw/JagelB8vVztSd7R6M5n1+PQkDbHbBRU4g==
+  dependencies:
+    "@babel/types" "^7.23.0"
+    "@jridgewell/gen-mapping" "^0.3.2"
+    "@jridgewell/trace-mapping" "^0.3.17"
+    jsesc "^2.5.1"
+
 "@babel/helper-compilation-targets@^7.22.9":
   version "7.22.9"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/helper-compilation-targets/-/helper-compilation-targets-7.22.9.tgz#f9d0a7aaaa7cd32a3f31c9316a69f5a9bcacb892"
@@ -69,18 +87,23 @@
     lru-cache "^5.1.1"
     semver "^6.3.1"
 
+"@babel/helper-environment-visitor@^7.22.20":
+  version "7.22.20"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/helper-environment-visitor/-/helper-environment-visitor-7.22.20.tgz#96159db61d34a29dba454c959f5ae4a649ba9167"
+  integrity sha512-zfedSIzFhat/gFhWfHtgWvlec0nqB9YEIVrpuwjruLlXfUSnA8cJB0miHKwqDnQ7d32aKo2xt88/xZptwxbfhA==
+
 "@babel/helper-environment-visitor@^7.22.5":
   version "7.22.5"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/helper-environment-visitor/-/helper-environment-visitor-7.22.5.tgz#f06dd41b7c1f44e1f8da6c4055b41ab3a09a7e98"
   integrity sha512-XGmhECfVA/5sAt+H+xpSg0mfrHq6FzNr9Oxh7PSEBBRUb/mL7Kz3NICXb194rCqAEdxkhPT1a88teizAFyvk8Q==
 
-"@babel/helper-function-name@^7.22.5":
-  version "7.22.5"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/helper-function-name/-/helper-function-name-7.22.5.tgz#ede300828905bb15e582c037162f99d5183af1be"
-  integrity sha512-wtHSq6jMRE3uF2otvfuD3DIvVhOsSNshQl0Qrd7qC9oQJzHvOL4qQXlQn2916+CXGywIjpGuIkoyZRRxHPiNQQ==
+"@babel/helper-function-name@^7.23.0":
+  version "7.23.0"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/helper-function-name/-/helper-function-name-7.23.0.tgz#1f9a3cdbd5b2698a670c30d2735f9af95ed52759"
+  integrity sha512-OErEqsrxjZTJciZ4Oo+eoZqeW9UIiOcuYKRJA4ZAgV9myA+pOXhhmpfNCKjEH/auVfEYVFJ6y1Tc4r0eIApqiw==
   dependencies:
-    "@babel/template" "^7.22.5"
-    "@babel/types" "^7.22.5"
+    "@babel/template" "^7.22.15"
+    "@babel/types" "^7.23.0"
 
 "@babel/helper-hoist-variables@^7.22.5":
   version "7.22.5"
@@ -126,6 +149,11 @@
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/helper-string-parser/-/helper-string-parser-7.22.5.tgz#533f36457a25814cf1df6488523ad547d784a99f"
   integrity sha512-mM4COjgZox8U+JcXQwPijIZLElkgEpO5rsERVDJTc2qfCDfERyob6k5WegS14SX18IIjv+XD+GrqNumY5JRCDw==
 
+"@babel/helper-validator-identifier@^7.22.20":
+  version "7.22.20"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/helper-validator-identifier/-/helper-validator-identifier-7.22.20.tgz#c4ae002c61d2879e724581d96665583dbc1dc0e0"
+  integrity sha512-Y4OZ+ytlatR8AI+8KZfKuL5urKp7qey08ha31L8b3BwewJAoJamTzyvxPR/5D+KkdJCGPq/+8TukHBlY10FX9A==
+
 "@babel/helper-validator-identifier@^7.22.5":
   version "7.22.5"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/helper-validator-identifier/-/helper-validator-identifier-7.22.5.tgz#9544ef6a33999343c8740fa51350f30eeaaaf193"
@@ -145,6 +173,15 @@
     "@babel/traverse" "^7.22.6"
     "@babel/types" "^7.22.5"
 
+"@babel/highlight@^7.22.13":
+  version "7.22.20"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/highlight/-/highlight-7.22.20.tgz#4ca92b71d80554b01427815e06f2df965b9c1f54"
+  integrity sha512-dkdMCN3py0+ksCgYmGG8jKeGA/8Tk+gJwSYYlFGxG5lmhfKNoAy004YpLxpS1W2J8m/EK2Ew+yOs9pVRwO89mg==
+  dependencies:
+    "@babel/helper-validator-identifier" "^7.22.20"
+    chalk "^2.4.2"
+    js-tokens "^4.0.0"
+
 "@babel/highlight@^7.22.5":
   version "7.22.5"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/highlight/-/highlight-7.22.5.tgz#aa6c05c5407a67ebce408162b7ede789b4d22031"
@@ -154,6 +191,11 @@
     chalk "^2.0.0"
     js-tokens "^4.0.0"
 
+"@babel/parser@^7.22.15", "@babel/parser@^7.23.0":
+  version "7.23.0"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/parser/-/parser-7.23.0.tgz#da950e622420bf96ca0d0f2909cdddac3acd8719"
+  integrity sha512-vvPKKdMemU85V9WE/l5wZEmImpCtLqbnTvqDS2U1fJ96KrxoW7KrXhNsNCblQlg8Ck4b85yxdTyelsMUgFUXiw==
+
 "@babel/parser@^7.22.5", "@babel/parser@^7.22.7":
   version "7.22.7"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/parser/-/parser-7.22.7.tgz#df8cf085ce92ddbdbf668a7f186ce848c9036cae"
@@ -166,6 +208,15 @@
   dependencies:
     regenerator-runtime "^0.13.11"
 
+"@babel/template@^7.22.15":
+  version "7.22.15"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/template/-/template-7.22.15.tgz#09576efc3830f0430f4548ef971dde1350ef2f38"
+  integrity sha512-QPErUVm4uyJa60rkI73qneDacvdvzxshT3kksGqlGWYdOTIUOwJ7RDUL8sGqslY1uXWSL6xMFKEXDS3ox2uF0w==
+  dependencies:
+    "@babel/code-frame" "^7.22.13"
+    "@babel/parser" "^7.22.15"
+    "@babel/types" "^7.22.15"
+
 "@babel/template@^7.22.5":
   version "7.22.5"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/template/-/template-7.22.5.tgz#0c8c4d944509875849bd0344ff0050756eefc6ec"
@@ -176,21 +227,30 @@
     "@babel/types" "^7.22.5"
 
 "@babel/traverse@^7.22.6", "@babel/traverse@^7.22.8":
-  version "7.22.8"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/traverse/-/traverse-7.22.8.tgz#4d4451d31bc34efeae01eac222b514a77aa4000e"
-  integrity sha512-y6LPR+wpM2I3qJrsheCTwhIinzkETbplIgPBbwvqPKc+uljeA5gP+3nP8irdYt1mjQaDnlIcG+dw8OjAco4GXw==
+  version "7.23.2"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/traverse/-/traverse-7.23.2.tgz#329c7a06735e144a506bdb2cad0268b7f46f4ad8"
+  integrity sha512-azpe59SQ48qG6nu2CzcMLbxUudtN+dOM9kDbUqGq3HXUJRlo7i8fvPoxQUzYgLZ4cMVmuZgm8vvBpNeRhd6XSw==
   dependencies:
-    "@babel/code-frame" "^7.22.5"
-    "@babel/generator" "^7.22.7"
-    "@babel/helper-environment-visitor" "^7.22.5"
-    "@babel/helper-function-name" "^7.22.5"
+    "@babel/code-frame" "^7.22.13"
+    "@babel/generator" "^7.23.0"
+    "@babel/helper-environment-visitor" "^7.22.20"
+    "@babel/helper-function-name" "^7.23.0"
     "@babel/helper-hoist-variables" "^7.22.5"
     "@babel/helper-split-export-declaration" "^7.22.6"
-    "@babel/parser" "^7.22.7"
-    "@babel/types" "^7.22.5"
+    "@babel/parser" "^7.23.0"
+    "@babel/types" "^7.23.0"
     debug "^4.1.0"
     globals "^11.1.0"
 
+"@babel/types@^7.22.15", "@babel/types@^7.23.0":
+  version "7.23.0"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/types/-/types-7.23.0.tgz#8c1f020c9df0e737e4e247c0619f58c68458aaeb"
+  integrity sha512-0oIyUfKoI3mSqMvsxBdclDwxXKXAUA8v/apZbc+iSyARYou1o8ZGDxbUYyLFoW2arqS2jDGqJuZvv1d/io1axg==
+  dependencies:
+    "@babel/helper-string-parser" "^7.22.5"
+    "@babel/helper-validator-identifier" "^7.22.20"
+    to-fast-properties "^2.0.0"
+
 "@babel/types@^7.22.5":
   version "7.22.5"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@babel/types/-/types-7.22.5.tgz#cd93eeaab025880a3a47ec881f4b096a5b786fbe"
@@ -1145,7 +1205,7 @@ chai@^4.3.4:
     pathval "^1.1.1"
     type-detect "^4.0.5"
 
-chalk@^2.0.0:
+chalk@^2.0.0, chalk@^2.4.2:
   version "2.4.2"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/chalk/-/chalk-2.4.2.tgz#cd42541677a54333cf541a49108c1432b44c9424"
   integrity sha512-Mti+f9lpJNcwF4tWV8/OrTTtF1gZi+f8FqlyAdouralcFWFQWF2+NgCHShjkCb+IFBLq9buZwE1xckQU4peSuQ==