uutils/uutils.github.io
0
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/uutils/uutils.github.io.git synced 2026-06-10 16:12:28 -07:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity
Files
1f778bc4e7d4e0edfe57ae200fb05810e4ec5142
uutils.github.io/user/utils/printf.html
T
sylvestre 9fd9ed0ad6 deploy: f0e8d44e6e
2023-06-30 03:00:49 +00:00

543 lines
38 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="en" class="sidebar-visible no-js light">
<head>
<!-- Book generated using mdBook -->
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>printf - uutils Documentation</title>
<!-- Custom HTML head -->
<style>
dd {
margin-bottom: 1em;
}
main {
position: relative;
}
.additional {
position: absolute;
top: 0.5em;
right: 0;
display: flex;
gap: 5px;
align-items: center;
font-size: 1.3em;
}
.platforms {
font-size: 2rem;
}
dd > p {
margin-top: 0.2em;
}
</style>
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff" />
<link rel="icon" href="../favicon.svg">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/variables.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/general.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/chrome.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/print.css" media="print">
<!-- Fonts -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../FontAwesome/css/font-awesome.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../fonts/fonts.css">
<!-- Highlight.js Stylesheets -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../highlight.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../tomorrow-night.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../ayu-highlight.css">
<!-- Custom theme stylesheets -->
</head>
<body>
<div id="body-container">
<!-- Provide site root to javascript -->
<script>
var path_to_root = "../";
var default_theme = window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches ? "navy" : "light";
</script>
<!-- Work around some values being stored in localStorage wrapped in quotes -->
<script>
try {
var theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme');
var sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar');
if (theme.startsWith('"') && theme.endsWith('"')) {
localStorage.setItem('mdbook-theme', theme.slice(1, theme.length - 1));
}
if (sidebar.startsWith('"') && sidebar.endsWith('"')) {
localStorage.setItem('mdbook-sidebar', sidebar.slice(1, sidebar.length - 1));
}
} catch (e) { }
</script>
<!-- Set the theme before any content is loaded, prevents flash -->
<script>
var theme;
try { theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme'); } catch(e) { }
if (theme === null || theme === undefined) { theme = default_theme; }
var html = document.querySelector('html');
html.classList.remove('no-js')
html.classList.remove('light')
html.classList.add(theme);
html.classList.add('js');
</script>
<!-- Hide / unhide sidebar before it is displayed -->
<script>
var html = document.querySelector('html');
var sidebar = null;
if (document.body.clientWidth >= 1080) {
try { sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar'); } catch(e) { }
sidebar = sidebar || 'visible';
} else {
sidebar = 'hidden';
}
html.classList.remove('sidebar-visible');
html.classList.add("sidebar-" + sidebar);
</script>
<nav id="sidebar" class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of contents">
<div class="sidebar-scrollbox">
<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../index.html">Introduction</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../installation.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Installation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../build.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Build from source</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../contributing.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Contributing</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../test_coverage.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> GNU test coverage</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../extensions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Extensions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Reference</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../multicall.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> Multi-call binary</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/arch.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> arch</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/b2sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.</strong> b2sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/b3sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.</strong> b3sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/base32.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">10.</strong> base32</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/base64.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">11.</strong> base64</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/basename.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">12.</strong> basename</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/basenc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">13.</strong> basenc</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/cat.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">14.</strong> cat</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/chcon.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">15.</strong> chcon</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/chgrp.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">16.</strong> chgrp</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/chmod.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">17.</strong> chmod</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/chown.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">18.</strong> chown</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/chroot.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">19.</strong> chroot</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/cksum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">20.</strong> cksum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/comm.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">21.</strong> comm</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/cp.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">22.</strong> cp</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/csplit.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">23.</strong> csplit</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/cut.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">24.</strong> cut</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/date.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">25.</strong> date</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/dd.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">26.</strong> dd</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/df.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">27.</strong> df</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/dir.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">28.</strong> dir</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/dircolors.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">29.</strong> dircolors</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/dirname.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">30.</strong> dirname</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/du.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">31.</strong> du</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/echo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">32.</strong> echo</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/env.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">33.</strong> env</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/expand.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">34.</strong> expand</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/expr.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">35.</strong> expr</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/factor.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">36.</strong> factor</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/false.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">37.</strong> false</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/fmt.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">38.</strong> fmt</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/fold.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">39.</strong> fold</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/groups.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">40.</strong> groups</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/hashsum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">41.</strong> hashsum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/head.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">42.</strong> head</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/hostid.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">43.</strong> hostid</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/hostname.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">44.</strong> hostname</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/id.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">45.</strong> id</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/install.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">46.</strong> install</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/join.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">47.</strong> join</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/kill.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">48.</strong> kill</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/link.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">49.</strong> link</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/ln.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">50.</strong> ln</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/logname.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">51.</strong> logname</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/ls.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">52.</strong> ls</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/md5sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">53.</strong> md5sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/mkdir.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">54.</strong> mkdir</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/mkfifo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">55.</strong> mkfifo</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/mknod.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">56.</strong> mknod</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/mktemp.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">57.</strong> mktemp</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/more.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">58.</strong> more</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/mv.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">59.</strong> mv</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/nice.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">60.</strong> nice</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/nl.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">61.</strong> nl</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/nohup.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">62.</strong> nohup</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/nproc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">63.</strong> nproc</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/numfmt.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">64.</strong> numfmt</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/od.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">65.</strong> od</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/paste.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">66.</strong> paste</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/pathchk.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">67.</strong> pathchk</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/pinky.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">68.</strong> pinky</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/pr.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">69.</strong> pr</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/printenv.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">70.</strong> printenv</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/printf.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">71.</strong> printf</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/ptx.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">72.</strong> ptx</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/pwd.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">73.</strong> pwd</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/readlink.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">74.</strong> readlink</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/realpath.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">75.</strong> realpath</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/relpath.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">76.</strong> relpath</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/rm.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">77.</strong> rm</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/rmdir.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">78.</strong> rmdir</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/runcon.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">79.</strong> runcon</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/seq.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">80.</strong> seq</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sha1sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">81.</strong> sha1sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sha224sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">82.</strong> sha224sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sha256sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">83.</strong> sha256sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sha3-224sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">84.</strong> sha3-224sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sha3-256sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">85.</strong> sha3-256sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sha3-384sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">86.</strong> sha3-384sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sha3-512sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">87.</strong> sha3-512sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sha384sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">88.</strong> sha384sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sha3sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">89.</strong> sha3sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sha512sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">90.</strong> sha512sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/shake128sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">91.</strong> shake128sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/shake256sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">92.</strong> shake256sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/shred.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">93.</strong> shred</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/shuf.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">94.</strong> shuf</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sleep.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">95.</strong> sleep</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sort.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">96.</strong> sort</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/split.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">97.</strong> split</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/stat.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">98.</strong> stat</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/stdbuf.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">99.</strong> stdbuf</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/stty.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">100.</strong> stty</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">101.</strong> sum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/sync.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">102.</strong> sync</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/tac.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">103.</strong> tac</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/tail.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">104.</strong> tail</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/tee.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">105.</strong> tee</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/test.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">106.</strong> test</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/timeout.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">107.</strong> timeout</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/touch.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">108.</strong> touch</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/tr.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">109.</strong> tr</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/true.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">110.</strong> true</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/truncate.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">111.</strong> truncate</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/tsort.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">112.</strong> tsort</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/tty.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">113.</strong> tty</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/uname.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">114.</strong> uname</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/unexpand.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">115.</strong> unexpand</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/uniq.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">116.</strong> uniq</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/unlink.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">117.</strong> unlink</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/uptime.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">118.</strong> uptime</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/users.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">119.</strong> users</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/vdir.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">120.</strong> vdir</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/wc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">121.</strong> wc</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/who.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">122.</strong> who</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/whoami.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">123.</strong> whoami</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../utils/yes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">124.</strong> yes</a></li></ol>
</div>
<div id="sidebar-resize-handle" class="sidebar-resize-handle"></div>
</nav>
<!-- Track and set sidebar scroll position -->
<script>
var sidebarScrollbox = document.querySelector('#sidebar .sidebar-scrollbox');
sidebarScrollbox.addEventListener('click', function(e) {
if (e.target.tagName === 'A') {
sessionStorage.setItem('sidebar-scroll', sidebarScrollbox.scrollTop);
}
}, { passive: true });
var sidebarScrollTop = sessionStorage.getItem('sidebar-scroll');
sessionStorage.removeItem('sidebar-scroll');
if (sidebarScrollTop) {
// preserve sidebar scroll position when navigating via links within sidebar
sidebarScrollbox.scrollTop = sidebarScrollTop;
} else {
// scroll sidebar to current active section when navigating via "next/previous chapter" buttons
var activeSection = document.querySelector('#sidebar .active');
if (activeSection) {
activeSection.scrollIntoView({ block: 'center' });
}
}
</script>
<div id="page-wrapper" class="page-wrapper">
<div class="page">
<div id="menu-bar-hover-placeholder"></div>
<div id="menu-bar" class="menu-bar sticky">
<div class="left-buttons">
<button id="sidebar-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-label="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-controls="sidebar">
<i class="fa fa-bars"></i>
</button>
<button id="theme-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Change theme" aria-label="Change theme" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="theme-list">
<i class="fa fa-paint-brush"></i>
</button>
<ul id="theme-list" class="theme-popup" aria-label="Themes" role="menu">
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="light">Light</button></li>
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="rust">Rust</button></li>
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="coal">Coal</button></li>
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="navy">Navy</button></li>
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="ayu">Ayu</button></li>
</ul>
<button id="search-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Search. (Shortkey: s)" aria-label="Toggle Searchbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-keyshortcuts="S" aria-controls="searchbar">
<i class="fa fa-search"></i>
</button>
</div>
<h1 class="menu-title">uutils Documentation</h1>
<div class="right-buttons">
<a href="../print.html" title="Print this book" aria-label="Print this book">
<i id="print-button" class="fa fa-print"></i>
</a>
<a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/tree/master/src/doc/src" title="Git repository" aria-label="Git repository">
<i id="git-repository-button" class="fa fa-github"></i>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="search-wrapper" class="hidden">
<form id="searchbar-outer" class="searchbar-outer">
<input type="search" id="searchbar" name="searchbar" placeholder="Search this book ..." aria-controls="searchresults-outer" aria-describedby="searchresults-header">
</form>
<div id="searchresults-outer" class="searchresults-outer hidden">
<div id="searchresults-header" class="searchresults-header"></div>
<ul id="searchresults">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Apply ARIA attributes after the sidebar and the sidebar toggle button are added to the DOM -->
<script>
document.getElementById('sidebar-toggle').setAttribute('aria-expanded', sidebar === 'visible');
document.getElementById('sidebar').setAttribute('aria-hidden', sidebar !== 'visible');
Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('#sidebar a')).forEach(function(link) {
link.setAttribute('tabIndex', sidebar === 'visible' ? 0 : -1);
});
</script>
<div id="content" class="content">
<main>
<h1 id="printf"><a class="header" href="#printf">printf</a></h1>
<div class="additional">
<div class="platforms">
<i class="fa fa-brands fa-linux"></i>
<i class="fa fa-brands fa-apple"></i>
<i class="fa fa-brands fa-windows"></i>
</div>
<div class="version">v0.0.19
</div>
</div>
<pre><code>printf FORMATSTRING [ARGUMENT]...
</code></pre>
<p>Print output based off of the format string and proceeding arguments.</p>
<h2 id="options"><a class="header" href="#options">Options</a></h2>
<dl><dt><code>--help</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print help information</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--version</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print version information</p>
</dd>
<dt></dt>
<dd>
</dd>
<dt></dt>
<dd>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>basic anonymous string templating:</p>
<p>prints format string at least once, repeating as long as there are remaining arguments
output prints escaped literals in the format string as character literals
output replaces anonymous fields with the next unused argument, formatted according to the field.</p>
<p>Prints the <code>,</code> replacing escaped character sequences with character literals
and substitution field sequences with passed arguments</p>
<p>literally, with the exception of the below
escaped character sequences, and the substitution sequences described further down.</p>
<h3 id="escape-sequences"><a class="header" href="#escape-sequences">ESCAPE SEQUENCES</a></h3>
<p>The following escape sequences, organized here in alphabetical order,
will print the corresponding character literal:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>\&quot;</code> double quote</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\\\</code> backslash</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\a</code> alert (BEL)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\b</code> backspace</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\c</code> End-of-Input</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\e</code> escape</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\f</code> form feed</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\n</code> new line</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\r</code> carriage return</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\t</code> horizontal tab</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\v</code> vertical tab</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\NNN</code> byte with value expressed in octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits)
values greater than 256 will be treated</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\xHH</code> byte with value expressed in hexadecimal value NN (1 to 2 digits)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\uHHHH</code> Unicode (IEC 10646) character with value expressed in hexadecimal value HHHH (4 digits)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>\\uHHHH</code> Unicode character with value expressed in hexadecimal value HHHH (8 digits)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%%</code> a single %</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="substitutions"><a class="header" href="#substitutions">SUBSTITUTIONS</a></h3>
<h4 id="substitution-quick-reference"><a class="header" href="#substitution-quick-reference">SUBSTITUTION QUICK REFERENCE</a></h4>
<p>Fields</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>%s</code>: string</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%b</code>: string parsed for literals second parameter is max length</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%c</code>: char no second parameter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%i</code> or <code>%d</code>: 64-bit integer</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%u</code>: 64 bit unsigned integer</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%x</code> or <code>%X</code>: 64-bit unsigned integer as hex</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%o</code>: 64-bit unsigned integer as octal
second parameter is min-width, integer
output below that width is padded with leading zeroes</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%f</code> or <code>%F</code>: decimal floating point value</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%e</code> or <code>%E</code>: scientific notation floating point value</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%g</code> or <code>%G</code>: shorter of specially interpreted decimal or SciNote floating point value.
second parameter is
<code>-max</code> places after decimal point for floating point output
<code>-max</code> number of significant digits for scientific notation output</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>parameterizing fields</p>
<p>examples:</p>
<pre><code>printf '%4.3i' 7
</code></pre>
<p>It has a first parameter of 4 and a second parameter of 3 and will result in ' 007'</p>
<pre><code>printf '%.1s' abcde
</code></pre>
<p>It has no first parameter and a second parameter of 1 and will result in 'a'</p>
<pre><code>printf '%4c' q
</code></pre>
<p>It has a first parameter of 4 and no second parameter and will result in ' q'</p>
<p>The first parameter of a field is the minimum width to pad the output to
if the output is less than this absolute value of this width,
it will be padded with leading spaces, or, if the argument is negative,
with trailing spaces. the default is zero.</p>
<p>The second parameter of a field is particular to the output field type.
defaults can be found in the full substitution help below</p>
<p>special prefixes to numeric arguments</p>
<ul>
<li><code>0</code>: (e.g. 010) interpret argument as octal (integer output fields only)</li>
<li><code>0x</code>: (e.g. 0xABC) interpret argument as hex (numeric output fields only)</li>
<li><code>\'</code>: (e.g. 'a) interpret argument as a character constant</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="how-to-use-substitutions"><a class="header" href="#how-to-use-substitutions">HOW TO USE SUBSTITUTIONS</a></h4>
<p>Substitutions are used to pass additional argument(s) into the FORMAT string, to be formatted a
particular way. E.g.</p>
<pre><code>printf 'the letter %X comes before the letter %X' 10 11
</code></pre>
<p>will print</p>
<pre><code>the letter A comes before the letter B
</code></pre>
<p>because the substitution field <code>%X</code> means
'take an integer argument and write it as a hexadecimal number'</p>
<p>Passing more arguments than are in the format string will cause the format string to be
repeated for the remaining substitutions</p>
<pre><code>printf 'it is %i F in %s \n' 22 Portland 25 Boston 27 New York
</code></pre>
<p>will print</p>
<pre><code>it is 22 F in Portland
it is 25 F in Boston
it is 27 F in Boston
</code></pre>
<p>If a format string is printed but there are less arguments remaining
than there are substitution fields, substitution fields without
an argument will default to empty strings, or for numeric fields
the value 0</p>
<h4 id="available-substitutions"><a class="header" href="#available-substitutions">AVAILABLE SUBSTITUTIONS</a></h4>
<p>This program, like GNU coreutils printf,
interprets a modified subset of the POSIX C printf spec,
a quick reference to substitutions is below.</p>
<h4 id="string-substitutions"><a class="header" href="#string-substitutions">STRING SUBSTITUTIONS</a></h4>
<p>All string fields have a 'max width' parameter
<code>%.3s</code> means 'print no more than three characters of the original input'</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>%s</code>: string</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%b</code>: escaped string - the string will be checked for any escaped literals from
the escaped literal list above, and translate them to literal characters.
e.g. <code>\\n</code> will be transformed into a newline character.
One special rule about <code>%b</code> mode is that octal literals are interpreted differently
In arguments passed by <code>%b</code>, pass octal-interpreted literals must be in the form of <code>\\0NNN</code>
instead of <code>\\NNN</code>. (Although, for legacy reasons, octal literals in the form of <code>\\NNN</code> will
still be interpreted and not throw a warning, you will have problems if you use this for a
literal whose code begins with zero, as it will be viewed as in <code>\\0NNN</code> form.)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="char-substitutions"><a class="header" href="#char-substitutions">CHAR SUBSTITUTIONS</a></h4>
<p>The character field does not have a secondary parameter.</p>
<ul>
<li><code>%c</code>: a single character</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="integer-substitutions"><a class="header" href="#integer-substitutions">INTEGER SUBSTITUTIONS</a></h4>
<p>All integer fields have a 'pad with zero' parameter
<code>%.4i</code> means an integer which if it is less than 4 digits in length,
is padded with leading zeros until it is 4 digits in length.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>%d</code> or <code>%i</code>: 64-bit integer</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%u</code>: 64-bit unsigned integer</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%x</code> or <code>%X</code>: 64-bit unsigned integer printed in Hexadecimal (base 16)
<code>%X</code> instead of <code>%x</code> means to use uppercase letters for 'a' through 'f'</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%o</code>: 64-bit unsigned integer printed in octal (base 8)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="floating-point-substitutions"><a class="header" href="#floating-point-substitutions">FLOATING POINT SUBSTITUTIONS</a></h4>
<p>All floating point fields have a 'max decimal places / max significant digits' parameter
<code>%.10f</code> means a decimal floating point with 7 decimal places past 0
<code>%.10e</code> means a scientific notation number with 10 significant digits
<code>%.10g</code> means the same behavior for decimal and Sci. Note, respectively, and provides the shortest
of each's output.</p>
<p>Like with GNU coreutils, the value after the decimal point is these outputs is parsed as a
double first before being rendered to text. For both implementations do not expect meaningful
precision past the 18th decimal place. When using a number of decimal places that is 18 or
higher, you can expect variation in output between GNU coreutils printf and this printf at the
18th decimal place of +/- 1</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>%f</code>: floating point value presented in decimal, truncated and displayed to 6 decimal places by
default. There is not past-double behavior parity with Coreutils printf, values are not
estimated or adjusted beyond input values.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%e</code> or <code>%E</code>: floating point value presented in scientific notation
7 significant digits by default
<code>%E</code> means use to use uppercase E for the mantissa.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>%g</code> or <code>%G</code>: floating point value presented in the shortest of decimal and scientific notation
behaves differently from <code>%f</code> and <code>%E</code>, please see posix printf spec for full details,
some examples of different behavior:
Sci Note has 6 significant digits by default
Trailing zeroes are removed
Instead of being truncated, digit after last is rounded</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Like other behavior in this utility, the design choices of floating point
behavior in this utility is selected to reproduce in exact
the behavior of GNU coreutils' printf from an inputs and outputs standpoint.</p>
<h3 id="using-parameters"><a class="header" href="#using-parameters">USING PARAMETERS</a></h3>
<p>Most substitution fields can be parameterized using up to 2 numbers that can
be passed to the field, between the % sign and the field letter.</p>
<p>The 1st parameter always indicates the minimum width of output, it is useful for creating
columnar output. Any output that would be less than this minimum width is padded with
leading spaces
The 2nd parameter is proceeded by a dot.
You do not have to use parameters</p>
<h3 id="special-forms-of-input"><a class="header" href="#special-forms-of-input">SPECIAL FORMS OF INPUT</a></h3>
<p>For numeric input, the following additional forms of input are accepted besides decimal:</p>
<p>Octal (only with integer): if the argument begins with a 0 the proceeding characters
will be interpreted as octal (base 8) for integer fields</p>
<p>Hexadecimal: if the argument begins with 0x the proceeding characters will be interpreted
will be interpreted as hex (base 16) for any numeric fields
for float fields, hexadecimal input results in a precision
limit (in converting input past the decimal point) of 10^-15</p>
<p>Character Constant: if the argument begins with a single quote character, the first byte
of the next character will be interpreted as an 8-bit unsigned integer. If there are
additional bytes, they will throw an error (unless the environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT
is set)</p>
<h2 id="examples"><a class="header" href="#examples">Examples</a></h2>
<p>Print a text message:</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">printf &quot;{{%s\n}}&quot; &quot;{{Hello world}}&quot;
</code></pre>
<p>Print an integer in bold blue:</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">printf &quot;{{\e[1;34m%.3d\e[0m\n}}&quot; {{42}}
</code></pre>
<p>Print a float number with the Unicode Euro sign:</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">printf &quot;{{\u20AC %.2f\n}}&quot; {{123.4}}
</code></pre>
<p>Print a text message composed with environment variables:</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">printf &quot;{{var1: %s\tvar2: %s\n}}&quot; &quot;{{$VAR1}}&quot; &quot;{{$VAR2}}&quot;
</code></pre>
<p>Store a formatted message in a variable (does not work on zsh):</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">printf -v {{myvar}} {{&quot;This is %s = %d\n&quot; &quot;a year&quot; 2016}}
</code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>The examples are provided by the <a href="https://tldr.sh">tldr-pages project</a> under the <a href="https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr/blob/main/LICENSE.md">CC BY 4.0 License</a>.</p>
<p>Please note that, as uutils is a work in progress, some examples might fail.</p>
</blockquote>
</main>
<nav class="nav-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
<!-- Mobile navigation buttons -->
<a rel="prev" href="../utils/printenv.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
</a>
<a rel="next" href="../utils/ptx.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
</a>
<div style="clear: both"></div>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
<nav class="nav-wide-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
<a rel="prev" href="../utils/printenv.html" class="nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
</a>
<a rel="next" href="../utils/ptx.html" class="nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
</a>
</nav>
</div>
<script>
window.playground_copyable = true;
</script>
<script src="../elasticlunr.min.js"></script>
<script src="../mark.min.js"></script>
<script src="../searcher.js"></script>
<script src="../clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script src="../highlight.js"></script>
<script src="../book.js"></script>
<!-- Custom JS scripts -->
</div>
</body>
</html>
Reference in New Issue View Git Blame Copy Permalink