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Pierre Warnier 81d0e1776d docs/fixes: man pages, benchmarks, BSD research, Copilot findings

Fixes #56 — 14 man pages in docs/man/ (markdown format).
Fixes #67 — 8 Copilot findings fixed:
  - useradd: proper date validation (Feb 31 rejected)
  - userdel/usermod: --root wired to SysRoot
  - usermod: --expiredate validates input
  - usermod: --login validates name + updates shadow/group
  - userdel: -f separated from -r behavior
  - useradd: home dir resolved through SysRoot
  - skel: preserves directory permissions
Fixes #69 — benchmark script (benches/benchmark.sh)
Fixes #70 — FreeBSD/NetBSD reference (docs/FREEBSD-NETBSD-REFERENCE.md)

456 tests, zero clippy warnings.

2026-03-24 13:05:40 +01:00

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useradd(8) - create a new user

NAME

useradd - create a new user or update default new user information

SYNOPSIS

useradd [options] LOGIN useradd -D [options]

DESCRIPTION

The useradd command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system. The new user account will be entered into the system files as needed, the home directory will be created, and initial files copied, depending on the command line options.

When invoked with the -D flag, useradd displays or updates the default values used for creating new accounts.

OPTIONS

-c, --comment COMMENT: Set the GECOS field of the new account.
-d, --home-dir HOME_DIR: Set the home directory of the new account.
-D, --defaults: Print or change default useradd configuration.
-e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE: Set the expiration date of the new account (YYYY-MM-DD).
-f, --inactive INACTIVE: Set the password inactivity period of the new account.
-g, --gid GROUP: Set the name or numeric ID of the primary group of the new account.
-G, --groups GROUPS: Set the list of supplementary groups of the new account (comma-separated).
-k, --skel SKEL_DIR: Specify the skeleton directory (default: /etc/skel).
-m, --create-home: Create the user's home directory if it does not exist.
-M, --no-create-home: Do not create the user's home directory.
-N, --no-user-group: Do not create a group with the same name as the user.
-o, --non-unique: Allow creating users with duplicate (non-unique) UIDs. Requires -u.
-p, --password PASSWORD: Set the encrypted password of the new account.
-r, --system: Create a system account.
-R, --root CHROOT_DIR: Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory.
-s, --shell SHELL: Set the login shell of the new account.
-u, --uid UID: Set the user ID of the new account.
-U, --user-group: Create a group with the same name as the user (default behavior).

EXIT STATUS

0: Success.
1: Cannot update password file.
2: Invalid command syntax.
3: Invalid argument to option.
4: UID already in use (and no -o).
6: Specified group does not exist.
9: Username already in use.
10: Cannot update group file.
12: Cannot create home directory.
14: Cannot update SELinux user mapping.

FILES

/etc/passwd: User account information.
/etc/shadow: Secure user account information.
/etc/group: Group account information.
/etc/gshadow: Secure group account information.
/etc/login.defs: Shadow password suite configuration.
/etc/default/useradd: Default values for account creation.
/etc/skel: Directory containing default files.

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