Patch series "exec: binfmt_misc: fix use-after-free, kill
iname[BINPRM_BUF_SIZE]".
It looks like this code was always wrong, then commit 948b701a60
("binfmt_misc: add persistent opened binary handler for containers")
added more problems.
This patch (of 6):
load_script() can simply use i_name instead, it points into bprm->buf[]
and nobody can change this memory until we call prepare_binprm().
The only complication is that we need to also change the signature of
bprm_change_interp() but this change looks good too.
While at it, do whitespace/style cleanups.
NOTE: the real motivation for this change is that people want to
increase BINPRM_BUF_SIZE, we need to change load_misc_binary() too but
this looks more complicated because afaics it is very buggy.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170918163446.GA26793@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Travis Gummels <tgummels@redhat.com>
Cc: Ben Woodard <woodard@redhat.com>
Cc: Jim Foraker <foraker1@llnl.gov>
Cc: <tdhooge@llnl.gov>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Instead of a separate function, open-code the cap_elevated test, which
lets us entirely remove bprm->cap_effective (to use the local "effective"
variable instead), and more accurately examine euid/egid changes via the
existing local "is_setid".
The following LTP tests were run to validate the changes:
# ./runltp -f syscalls -s cap
# ./runltp -f securebits
# ./runltp -f cap_bounds
# ./runltp -f filecaps
All kernel selftests for capabilities and exec continue to pass as well.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Reviewed-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
The commoncap implementation of the bprm_secureexec hook is the only LSM
that depends on the final call to its bprm_set_creds hook (since it may
be called for multiple files, it ignores bprm->called_set_creds). As a
result, it cannot safely _clear_ bprm->secureexec since other LSMs may
have set it. Instead, remove the bprm_secureexec hook by introducing a
new flag to bprm specific to commoncap: cap_elevated. This is similar to
cap_effective, but that is used for a specific subset of elevated
privileges, and exists solely to track state from bprm_set_creds to
bprm_secureexec. As such, it will be removed in the next patch.
Here, set the new bprm->cap_elevated flag when setuid/setgid has happened
from bprm_fill_uid() or fscapabilities have been prepared. This temporarily
moves the bprm_secureexec hook to a static inline. The helper will be
removed in the next patch; this makes the step easier to review and bisect,
since this does not introduce any changes to inputs nor outputs to the
"elevated privileges" calculation.
The new flag is merged with the bprm->secureexec flag in setup_new_exec()
since this marks the end of any further prepare_binprm() calls.
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
The bprm_secureexec hook can be moved earlier. Right now, it is called
during create_elf_tables(), via load_binary(), via search_binary_handler(),
via exec_binprm(). Nearly all (see exception below) state used by
bprm_secureexec is created during the bprm_set_creds hook, called from
prepare_binprm().
For all LSMs (except commoncaps described next), only the first execution
of bprm_set_creds takes any effect (they all check bprm->called_set_creds
which prepare_binprm() sets after the first call to the bprm_set_creds
hook). However, all these LSMs also only do anything with bprm_secureexec
when they detected a secure state during their first run of bprm_set_creds.
Therefore, it is functionally identical to move the detection into
bprm_set_creds, since the results from secureexec here only need to be
based on the first call to the LSM's bprm_set_creds hook.
The single exception is that the commoncaps secureexec hook also examines
euid/uid and egid/gid differences which are controlled by bprm_fill_uid(),
via prepare_binprm(), which can be called multiple times (e.g.
binfmt_script, binfmt_misc), and may clear the euid/egid for the final
load (i.e. the script interpreter). However, while commoncaps specifically
ignores bprm->cred_prepared, and runs its bprm_set_creds hook each time
prepare_binprm() may get called, it needs to base the secureexec decision
on the final call to bprm_set_creds. As a result, it will need special
handling.
To begin this refactoring, this adds the secureexec flag to the bprm
struct, and calls the secureexec hook during setup_new_exec(). This is
safe since all the cred work is finished (and past the point of no return).
This explicit call will be removed in later patches once the hook has been
removed.
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Reviewed-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
This marks many critical kernel structures for randomization. These are
structures that have been targeted in the past in security exploits, or
contain functions pointers, pointers to function pointer tables, lists,
workqueues, ref-counters, credentials, permissions, or are otherwise
sensitive. This initial list was extracted from Brad Spengler/PaX Team's
code in the last public patch of grsecurity/PaX based on my understanding
of the code. Changes or omissions from the original code are mine and
don't reflect the original grsecurity/PaX code.
Left out of this list is task_struct, which requires special handling
and will be covered in a subsequent patch.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
This copying of arguments and environment is common to both NOMMU
binary formats we support. Let's make the elf_fdpic version available
to the flat format as well.
While at it, improve the code a bit not to copy below the actual
data area.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org>
The offset in the core file used to be tracked with ->written field of
the coredump_params structure. The field was retired in favour of
file->f_pos.
However, ->f_pos is not maintained for pipes which leads to breakage.
Restore explicit tracking of the offset in coredump_params. Introduce
->pos field for this purpose since ->written was already reused.
Fixes: a008393951 ("get rid of coredump_params->written").
Reported-by: Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek <zbyszek@in.waw.pl>
Signed-off-by: Mateusz Guzik <mguzik@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
This patchset adds execveat(2) for x86, and is derived from Meredydd
Luff's patch from Sept 2012 (https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/9/11/528).
The primary aim of adding an execveat syscall is to allow an
implementation of fexecve(3) that does not rely on the /proc filesystem,
at least for executables (rather than scripts). The current glibc version
of fexecve(3) is implemented via /proc, which causes problems in sandboxed
or otherwise restricted environments.
Given the desire for a /proc-free fexecve() implementation, HPA suggested
(https://lkml.org/lkml/2006/7/11/556) that an execveat(2) syscall would be
an appropriate generalization.
Also, having a new syscall means that it can take a flags argument without
back-compatibility concerns. The current implementation just defines the
AT_EMPTY_PATH and AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW flags, but other flags could be
added in future -- for example, flags for new namespaces (as suggested at
https://lkml.org/lkml/2006/7/11/474).
Related history:
- https://lkml.org/lkml/2006/12/27/123 is an example of someone
realizing that fexecve() is likely to fail in a chroot environment.
- http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=514043 covered
documenting the /proc requirement of fexecve(3) in its manpage, to
"prevent other people from wasting their time".
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=241609 described a
problem where a process that did setuid() could not fexecve()
because it no longer had access to /proc/self/fd; this has since
been fixed.
This patch (of 4):
Add a new execveat(2) system call. execveat() is to execve() as openat()
is to open(): it takes a file descriptor that refers to a directory, and
resolves the filename relative to that.
In addition, if the filename is empty and AT_EMPTY_PATH is specified,
execveat() executes the file to which the file descriptor refers. This
replicates the functionality of fexecve(), which is a system call in other
UNIXen, but in Linux glibc it depends on opening "/proc/self/fd/<fd>" (and
so relies on /proc being mounted).
The filename fed to the executed program as argv[0] (or the name of the
script fed to a script interpreter) will be of the form "/dev/fd/<fd>"
(for an empty filename) or "/dev/fd/<fd>/<filename>", effectively
reflecting how the executable was found. This does however mean that
execution of a script in a /proc-less environment won't work; also, script
execution via an O_CLOEXEC file descriptor fails (as the file will not be
accessible after exec).
Based on patches by Meredydd Luff.
Signed-off-by: David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com>
Cc: Meredydd Luff <meredydd@senatehouse.org>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah.kh@samsung.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@aerifal.cx>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Starting from commit c4ad8f98be ("execve: use 'struct filename *' for
executable name passing") bprm->filename can not go away after
flush_old_exec(), so we do not need to save the binary name in
bprm->tcomm[] added by 96e02d1586 ("exec: fix use-after-free bug in
setup_new_exec()").
And there was never need for filename_to_taskname-like code, we can
simply do set_task_comm(kbasename(filename).
This patch has to change set_task_comm() and trace_task_rename() to
accept "const char *", but I think this change is also good.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This changes 'do_execve()' to get the executable name as a 'struct
filename', and to free it when it is done. This is what the normal
users want, and it simplifies and streamlines their error handling.
The controlled lifetime of the executable name also fixes a
use-after-free problem with the trace_sched_process_exec tracepoint: the
lifetime of the passed-in string for kernel users was not at all
obvious, and the user-mode helper code used UMH_WAIT_EXEC to serialize
the pathname allocation lifetime with the execve() having finished,
which in turn meant that the trace point that happened after
mm_release() of the old process VM ended up using already free'd memory.
To solve the kernel string lifetime issue, this simply introduces
"getname_kernel()" that works like the normal user-space getname()
function, except with the source coming from kernel memory.
As Oleg points out, this also means that we could drop the tcomm[] array
from 'struct linux_binprm', since the pathname lifetime now covers
setup_new_exec(). That would be a separate cleanup.
Reported-by: Igor Zhbanov <i.zhbanov@samsung.com>
Tested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge first patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:
"Quite a lot of other stuff is banked up awaiting further
next->mainline merging, but this batch contains:
- Lots of random misc patches
- OCFS2
- Most of MM
- backlight updates
- lib/ updates
- printk updates
- checkpatch updates
- epoll tweaking
- rtc updates
- hfs
- hfsplus
- documentation
- procfs
- update gcov to gcc-4.7 format
- IPC"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (269 commits)
ipc, msg: fix message length check for negative values
ipc/util.c: remove unnecessary work pending test
devpts: plug the memory leak in kill_sb
./Makefile: export initial ramdisk compression config option
init/Kconfig: add option to disable kernel compression
drivers: w1: make w1_slave::flags long to avoid memory corruption
drivers/w1/masters/ds1wm.cuse dev_get_platdata()
drivers/memstick/core/ms_block.c: fix unreachable state in h_msb_read_page()
drivers/memstick/core/mspro_block.c: fix attributes array allocation
drivers/pps/clients/pps-gpio.c: remove redundant of_match_ptr
kernel/panic.c: reduce 1 byte usage for print tainted buffer
gcov: reuse kbasename helper
kernel/gcov/fs.c: use pr_warn()
kernel/module.c: use pr_foo()
gcov: compile specific gcov implementation based on gcc version
gcov: add support for gcc 4.7 gcov format
gcov: move gcov structs definitions to a gcc version specific file
kernel/taskstats.c: return -ENOMEM when alloc memory fails in add_del_listener()
kernel/taskstats.c: add nla_nest_cancel() for failure processing between nla_nest_start() and nla_nest_end()
kernel/sysctl_binary.c: use scnprintf() instead of snprintf()
...
The get_dumpable() return value is not boolean. Most users of the
function actually want to be testing for non-SUID_DUMP_USER(1) rather than
SUID_DUMP_DISABLE(0). The SUID_DUMP_ROOT(2) is also considered a
protected state. Almost all places did this correctly, excepting the two
places fixed in this patch.
Wrong logic:
if (dumpable == SUID_DUMP_DISABLE) { /* be protective */ }
or
if (dumpable == 0) { /* be protective */ }
or
if (!dumpable) { /* be protective */ }
Correct logic:
if (dumpable != SUID_DUMP_USER) { /* be protective */ }
or
if (dumpable != 1) { /* be protective */ }
Without this patch, if the system had set the sysctl fs/suid_dumpable=2, a
user was able to ptrace attach to processes that had dropped privileges to
that user. (This may have been partially mitigated if Yama was enabled.)
The macros have been moved into the file that declares get/set_dumpable(),
which means things like the ia64 code can see them too.
CVE-2013-2929
Reported-by: Vasily Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
dump_write() analog, takes core_dump_params instead of file,
keeps track of the amount written in cprm->written and checks for
cprm->limit. Start using it in binfmt_elf.c...
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Nobody except search_binary_handler() should touch ->recursion_depth, "int
depth" buys nothing but complicates the code, kill it.
Probably we should also kill "fn" and the !NULL check, ->load_binary
should be always defined. And it can not go away after read_unlock() or
this code is buggy anyway.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Cc: Zach Levis <zml@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
switch binfmts that use ->read() to that (and to kernel_read()
in several cases in binfmt_flat - sure, it's nommu, but still,
doing ->read() into kmalloc'ed buffer...)
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Merge the rest of Andrew's patches for -rc1:
"A bunch of fixes and misc missed-out-on things.
That'll do for -rc1. I still have a batch of IPC patches which still
have a possible bug report which I'm chasing down."
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (25 commits)
keys: use keyring_alloc() to create module signing keyring
keys: fix unreachable code
sendfile: allows bypassing of notifier events
SGI-XP: handle non-fatal traps
fat: fix incorrect function comment
Documentation: ABI: remove testing/sysfs-devices-node
proc: fix inconsistent lock state
linux/kernel.h: fix DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST with unsigned divisors
memcg: don't register hotcpu notifier from ->css_alloc()
checkpatch: warn on uapi #includes that #include <uapi/...
revert "rtc: recycle id when unloading a rtc driver"
mm: clean up transparent hugepage sysfs error messages
hfsplus: add error message for the case of failure of sync fs in delayed_sync_fs() method
hfsplus: rework processing of hfs_btree_write() returned error
hfsplus: rework processing errors in hfsplus_free_extents()
hfsplus: avoid crash on failed block map free
kcmp: include linux/ptrace.h
drivers/rtc/rtc-imxdi.c: must include <linux/spinlock.h>
mm: cma: WARN if freed memory is still in use
exec: do not leave bprm->interp on stack
...
Pull signal handling cleanups from Al Viro:
"sigaltstack infrastructure + conversion for x86, alpha and um,
COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE infrastructure.
Note that there are several conflicts between "unify
SS_ONSTACK/SS_DISABLE definitions" and UAPI patches in mainline;
resolution is trivial - just remove definitions of SS_ONSTACK and
SS_DISABLED from arch/*/uapi/asm/signal.h; they are all identical and
include/uapi/linux/signal.h contains the unified variant."
Fixed up conflicts as per Al.
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal:
alpha: switch to generic sigaltstack
new helpers: __save_altstack/__compat_save_altstack, switch x86 and um to those
generic compat_sys_sigaltstack()
introduce generic sys_sigaltstack(), switch x86 and um to it
new helper: compat_user_stack_pointer()
new helper: restore_altstack()
unify SS_ONSTACK/SS_DISABLE definitions
new helper: current_user_stack_pointer()
missing user_stack_pointer() instances
Bury the conditionals from kernel_thread/kernel_execve series
COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE: infrastructure
If a series of scripts are executed, each triggering module loading via
unprintable bytes in the script header, kernel stack contents can leak
into the command line.
Normally execution of binfmt_script and binfmt_misc happens recursively.
However, when modules are enabled, and unprintable bytes exist in the
bprm->buf, execution will restart after attempting to load matching
binfmt modules. Unfortunately, the logic in binfmt_script and
binfmt_misc does not expect to get restarted. They leave bprm->interp
pointing to their local stack. This means on restart bprm->interp is
left pointing into unused stack memory which can then be copied into the
userspace argv areas.
After additional study, it seems that both recursion and restart remains
the desirable way to handle exec with scripts, misc, and modules. As
such, we need to protect the changes to interp.
This changes the logic to require allocation for any changes to the
bprm->interp. To avoid adding a new kmalloc to every exec, the default
value is left as-is. Only when passing through binfmt_script or
binfmt_misc does an allocation take place.
For a proof of concept, see DoTest.sh from:
http://www.halfdog.net/Security/2012/LinuxKernelBinfmtScriptStackDataDisclosure/
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: halfdog <me@halfdog.net>
Cc: P J P <ppandit@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
All architectures have
CONFIG_GENERIC_KERNEL_THREAD
CONFIG_GENERIC_KERNEL_EXECVE
__ARCH_WANT_SYS_EXECVE
None of them have __ARCH_WANT_KERNEL_EXECVE and there are only two callers
of kernel_execve() (which is a trivial wrapper for do_execve() now) left.
Kill the conditionals and make both callers use do_execve().
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
To avoid an explosion of request_module calls on a chain of abusive
scripts, fail maximum recursion with -ELOOP instead of -ENOEXEC. As soon
as maximum recursion depth is hit, the error will fail all the way back
up the chain, aborting immediately.
This also has the side-effect of stopping the user's shell from attempting
to reexecute the top-level file as a shell script. As seen in the
dash source:
if (cmd != path_bshell && errno == ENOEXEC) {
*argv-- = cmd;
*argv = cmd = path_bshell;
goto repeat;
}
The above logic was designed for running scripts automatically that lacked
the "#!" header, not to re-try failed recursion. On a legitimate -ENOEXEC,
things continue to behave as the shell expects.
Additionally, when tracking recursion, the binfmt handlers should not be
involved. The recursion being tracked is the depth of calls through
search_binary_handler(), so that function should be exclusively responsible
for tracking the depth.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: halfdog <me@halfdog.net>
Cc: P J P <ppandit@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
