This patchset adds execveat(2) for x86, and is derived from Meredydd
Luff's patch from Sept 2012 (https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/9/11/528).
The primary aim of adding an execveat syscall is to allow an
implementation of fexecve(3) that does not rely on the /proc filesystem,
at least for executables (rather than scripts). The current glibc version
of fexecve(3) is implemented via /proc, which causes problems in sandboxed
or otherwise restricted environments.
Given the desire for a /proc-free fexecve() implementation, HPA suggested
(https://lkml.org/lkml/2006/7/11/556) that an execveat(2) syscall would be
an appropriate generalization.
Also, having a new syscall means that it can take a flags argument without
back-compatibility concerns. The current implementation just defines the
AT_EMPTY_PATH and AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW flags, but other flags could be
added in future -- for example, flags for new namespaces (as suggested at
https://lkml.org/lkml/2006/7/11/474).
Related history:
- https://lkml.org/lkml/2006/12/27/123 is an example of someone
realizing that fexecve() is likely to fail in a chroot environment.
- http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=514043 covered
documenting the /proc requirement of fexecve(3) in its manpage, to
"prevent other people from wasting their time".
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=241609 described a
problem where a process that did setuid() could not fexecve()
because it no longer had access to /proc/self/fd; this has since
been fixed.
This patch (of 4):
Add a new execveat(2) system call. execveat() is to execve() as openat()
is to open(): it takes a file descriptor that refers to a directory, and
resolves the filename relative to that.
In addition, if the filename is empty and AT_EMPTY_PATH is specified,
execveat() executes the file to which the file descriptor refers. This
replicates the functionality of fexecve(), which is a system call in other
UNIXen, but in Linux glibc it depends on opening "/proc/self/fd/<fd>" (and
so relies on /proc being mounted).
The filename fed to the executed program as argv[0] (or the name of the
script fed to a script interpreter) will be of the form "/dev/fd/<fd>"
(for an empty filename) or "/dev/fd/<fd>/<filename>", effectively
reflecting how the executable was found. This does however mean that
execution of a script in a /proc-less environment won't work; also, script
execution via an O_CLOEXEC file descriptor fails (as the file will not be
accessible after exec).
Based on patches by Meredydd Luff.
Signed-off-by: David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com>
Cc: Meredydd Luff <meredydd@senatehouse.org>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah.kh@samsung.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@aerifal.cx>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Starting from commit c4ad8f98be ("execve: use 'struct filename *' for
executable name passing") bprm->filename can not go away after
flush_old_exec(), so we do not need to save the binary name in
bprm->tcomm[] added by 96e02d1586 ("exec: fix use-after-free bug in
setup_new_exec()").
And there was never need for filename_to_taskname-like code, we can
simply do set_task_comm(kbasename(filename).
This patch has to change set_task_comm() and trace_task_rename() to
accept "const char *", but I think this change is also good.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This changes 'do_execve()' to get the executable name as a 'struct
filename', and to free it when it is done. This is what the normal
users want, and it simplifies and streamlines their error handling.
The controlled lifetime of the executable name also fixes a
use-after-free problem with the trace_sched_process_exec tracepoint: the
lifetime of the passed-in string for kernel users was not at all
obvious, and the user-mode helper code used UMH_WAIT_EXEC to serialize
the pathname allocation lifetime with the execve() having finished,
which in turn meant that the trace point that happened after
mm_release() of the old process VM ended up using already free'd memory.
To solve the kernel string lifetime issue, this simply introduces
"getname_kernel()" that works like the normal user-space getname()
function, except with the source coming from kernel memory.
As Oleg points out, this also means that we could drop the tcomm[] array
from 'struct linux_binprm', since the pathname lifetime now covers
setup_new_exec(). That would be a separate cleanup.
Reported-by: Igor Zhbanov <i.zhbanov@samsung.com>
Tested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge first patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:
"Quite a lot of other stuff is banked up awaiting further
next->mainline merging, but this batch contains:
- Lots of random misc patches
- OCFS2
- Most of MM
- backlight updates
- lib/ updates
- printk updates
- checkpatch updates
- epoll tweaking
- rtc updates
- hfs
- hfsplus
- documentation
- procfs
- update gcov to gcc-4.7 format
- IPC"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (269 commits)
ipc, msg: fix message length check for negative values
ipc/util.c: remove unnecessary work pending test
devpts: plug the memory leak in kill_sb
./Makefile: export initial ramdisk compression config option
init/Kconfig: add option to disable kernel compression
drivers: w1: make w1_slave::flags long to avoid memory corruption
drivers/w1/masters/ds1wm.cuse dev_get_platdata()
drivers/memstick/core/ms_block.c: fix unreachable state in h_msb_read_page()
drivers/memstick/core/mspro_block.c: fix attributes array allocation
drivers/pps/clients/pps-gpio.c: remove redundant of_match_ptr
kernel/panic.c: reduce 1 byte usage for print tainted buffer
gcov: reuse kbasename helper
kernel/gcov/fs.c: use pr_warn()
kernel/module.c: use pr_foo()
gcov: compile specific gcov implementation based on gcc version
gcov: add support for gcc 4.7 gcov format
gcov: move gcov structs definitions to a gcc version specific file
kernel/taskstats.c: return -ENOMEM when alloc memory fails in add_del_listener()
kernel/taskstats.c: add nla_nest_cancel() for failure processing between nla_nest_start() and nla_nest_end()
kernel/sysctl_binary.c: use scnprintf() instead of snprintf()
...
The get_dumpable() return value is not boolean. Most users of the
function actually want to be testing for non-SUID_DUMP_USER(1) rather than
SUID_DUMP_DISABLE(0). The SUID_DUMP_ROOT(2) is also considered a
protected state. Almost all places did this correctly, excepting the two
places fixed in this patch.
Wrong logic:
if (dumpable == SUID_DUMP_DISABLE) { /* be protective */ }
or
if (dumpable == 0) { /* be protective */ }
or
if (!dumpable) { /* be protective */ }
Correct logic:
if (dumpable != SUID_DUMP_USER) { /* be protective */ }
or
if (dumpable != 1) { /* be protective */ }
Without this patch, if the system had set the sysctl fs/suid_dumpable=2, a
user was able to ptrace attach to processes that had dropped privileges to
that user. (This may have been partially mitigated if Yama was enabled.)
The macros have been moved into the file that declares get/set_dumpable(),
which means things like the ia64 code can see them too.
CVE-2013-2929
Reported-by: Vasily Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
dump_write() analog, takes core_dump_params instead of file,
keeps track of the amount written in cprm->written and checks for
cprm->limit. Start using it in binfmt_elf.c...
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Nobody except search_binary_handler() should touch ->recursion_depth, "int
depth" buys nothing but complicates the code, kill it.
Probably we should also kill "fn" and the !NULL check, ->load_binary
should be always defined. And it can not go away after read_unlock() or
this code is buggy anyway.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Cc: Zach Levis <zml@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
switch binfmts that use ->read() to that (and to kernel_read()
in several cases in binfmt_flat - sure, it's nommu, but still,
doing ->read() into kmalloc'ed buffer...)
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Merge the rest of Andrew's patches for -rc1:
"A bunch of fixes and misc missed-out-on things.
That'll do for -rc1. I still have a batch of IPC patches which still
have a possible bug report which I'm chasing down."
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (25 commits)
keys: use keyring_alloc() to create module signing keyring
keys: fix unreachable code
sendfile: allows bypassing of notifier events
SGI-XP: handle non-fatal traps
fat: fix incorrect function comment
Documentation: ABI: remove testing/sysfs-devices-node
proc: fix inconsistent lock state
linux/kernel.h: fix DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST with unsigned divisors
memcg: don't register hotcpu notifier from ->css_alloc()
checkpatch: warn on uapi #includes that #include <uapi/...
revert "rtc: recycle id when unloading a rtc driver"
mm: clean up transparent hugepage sysfs error messages
hfsplus: add error message for the case of failure of sync fs in delayed_sync_fs() method
hfsplus: rework processing of hfs_btree_write() returned error
hfsplus: rework processing errors in hfsplus_free_extents()
hfsplus: avoid crash on failed block map free
kcmp: include linux/ptrace.h
drivers/rtc/rtc-imxdi.c: must include <linux/spinlock.h>
mm: cma: WARN if freed memory is still in use
exec: do not leave bprm->interp on stack
...
Pull signal handling cleanups from Al Viro:
"sigaltstack infrastructure + conversion for x86, alpha and um,
COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE infrastructure.
Note that there are several conflicts between "unify
SS_ONSTACK/SS_DISABLE definitions" and UAPI patches in mainline;
resolution is trivial - just remove definitions of SS_ONSTACK and
SS_DISABLED from arch/*/uapi/asm/signal.h; they are all identical and
include/uapi/linux/signal.h contains the unified variant."
Fixed up conflicts as per Al.
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal:
alpha: switch to generic sigaltstack
new helpers: __save_altstack/__compat_save_altstack, switch x86 and um to those
generic compat_sys_sigaltstack()
introduce generic sys_sigaltstack(), switch x86 and um to it
new helper: compat_user_stack_pointer()
new helper: restore_altstack()
unify SS_ONSTACK/SS_DISABLE definitions
new helper: current_user_stack_pointer()
missing user_stack_pointer() instances
Bury the conditionals from kernel_thread/kernel_execve series
COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE: infrastructure
If a series of scripts are executed, each triggering module loading via
unprintable bytes in the script header, kernel stack contents can leak
into the command line.
Normally execution of binfmt_script and binfmt_misc happens recursively.
However, when modules are enabled, and unprintable bytes exist in the
bprm->buf, execution will restart after attempting to load matching
binfmt modules. Unfortunately, the logic in binfmt_script and
binfmt_misc does not expect to get restarted. They leave bprm->interp
pointing to their local stack. This means on restart bprm->interp is
left pointing into unused stack memory which can then be copied into the
userspace argv areas.
After additional study, it seems that both recursion and restart remains
the desirable way to handle exec with scripts, misc, and modules. As
such, we need to protect the changes to interp.
This changes the logic to require allocation for any changes to the
bprm->interp. To avoid adding a new kmalloc to every exec, the default
value is left as-is. Only when passing through binfmt_script or
binfmt_misc does an allocation take place.
For a proof of concept, see DoTest.sh from:
http://www.halfdog.net/Security/2012/LinuxKernelBinfmtScriptStackDataDisclosure/
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: halfdog <me@halfdog.net>
Cc: P J P <ppandit@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
All architectures have
CONFIG_GENERIC_KERNEL_THREAD
CONFIG_GENERIC_KERNEL_EXECVE
__ARCH_WANT_SYS_EXECVE
None of them have __ARCH_WANT_KERNEL_EXECVE and there are only two callers
of kernel_execve() (which is a trivial wrapper for do_execve() now) left.
Kill the conditionals and make both callers use do_execve().
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
To avoid an explosion of request_module calls on a chain of abusive
scripts, fail maximum recursion with -ELOOP instead of -ENOEXEC. As soon
as maximum recursion depth is hit, the error will fail all the way back
up the chain, aborting immediately.
This also has the side-effect of stopping the user's shell from attempting
to reexecute the top-level file as a shell script. As seen in the
dash source:
if (cmd != path_bshell && errno == ENOEXEC) {
*argv-- = cmd;
*argv = cmd = path_bshell;
goto repeat;
}
The above logic was designed for running scripts automatically that lacked
the "#!" header, not to re-try failed recursion. On a legitimate -ENOEXEC,
things continue to behave as the shell expects.
Additionally, when tracking recursion, the binfmt handlers should not be
involved. The recursion being tracked is the depth of calls through
search_binary_handler(), so that function should be exclusively responsible
for tracking the depth.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: halfdog <me@halfdog.net>
Cc: P J P <ppandit@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull generic execve() changes from Al Viro:
"This introduces the generic kernel_thread() and kernel_execve()
functions, and switches x86, arm, alpha, um and s390 over to them."
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal: (26 commits)
s390: convert to generic kernel_execve()
s390: switch to generic kernel_thread()
s390: fold kernel_thread_helper() into ret_from_fork()
s390: fold execve_tail() into start_thread(), convert to generic sys_execve()
um: switch to generic kernel_thread()
x86, um/x86: switch to generic sys_execve and kernel_execve
x86: split ret_from_fork
alpha: introduce ret_from_kernel_execve(), switch to generic kernel_execve()
alpha: switch to generic kernel_thread()
alpha: switch to generic sys_execve()
arm: get rid of execve wrapper, switch to generic execve() implementation
arm: optimized current_pt_regs()
arm: introduce ret_from_kernel_execve(), switch to generic kernel_execve()
arm: split ret_from_fork, simplify kernel_thread() [based on patch by rmk]
generic sys_execve()
generic kernel_execve()
new helper: current_pt_regs()
preparation for generic kernel_thread()
um: kill thread->forking
um: let signal_delivered() do SIGTRAP on singlestepping into handler
...
Adds an expert Kconfig option, CONFIG_COREDUMP, which allows disabling of
core dump. This saves approximately 2.6k in the compiled kernel, and
complements CONFIG_ELF_CORE, which now depends on it.
CONFIG_COREDUMP also disables coredump-related sysctls, except for
suid_dumpable and related functions, which are necessary for ptrace.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix binfmt_aout.c build]
Signed-off-by: Alex Kelly <alex.page.kelly@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
based mostly on arm and alpha versions. Architectures can define
__ARCH_WANT_KERNEL_EXECVE and use it, provided that
* they have working current_pt_regs(), even for kernel threads.
* kernel_thread-spawned threads do have space for pt_regs
in the normal location. Normally that's as simple as switching to
generic kernel_thread() and making sure that kernel threads do *not*
go through return from syscall path; call the payload from equivalent
of ret_from_fork if we are in a kernel thread (or just have separate
ret_from_kernel_thread and make copy_thread() use it instead of
ret_from_fork in kernel thread case).
* they have ret_from_kernel_execve(); it is called after
successful do_execve() done by kernel_execve() and gets normal
pt_regs location passed to it as argument. It's essentially
a longjmp() analog - it should set sp, etc. to the situation
expected at the return for syscall and go there. Eventually
the need for that sucker will disappear, but that'll take some
surgery on kernel_thread() payloads.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
