It would be nice to be able to extract the dmesg log from a vmcore file
without needing to keep the debug symbols for the running kernel handy all
the time. We have a facility to do this in /proc/vmcore. This patch adds
the log_buf and log_end symbols to the vmcoreinfo area so that tools (like
makedumpfile) can easily extract the dmesg logs from a vmcore image.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: several fixes and cleanups]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix unused log_buf_kexec_setup()]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
Signed-off-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Cc: Simon Horman <horms@verge.net.au>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Cc: Simon Horman <horms@verge.net.au>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We are wasting 2 words in signal_struct without any reason to implement
task_pgrp_nr() and task_session_nr().
task_session_nr() has no callers since
2e2ba22ea4, we can remove it.
task_pgrp_nr() is still (I believe wrongly) used in fs/autofsX and
fs/coda.
This patch reimplements task_pgrp_nr() via task_pgrp_nr_ns(), and kills
__pgrp/__session and the related helpers.
The change in drivers/char/tty_io.c is cosmetic, but hopefully makes sense
anyway.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Alan Cox <number6@the-village.bc.nu> [tty parts]
Cc: Cedric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu <sukadev@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Inho, the safety rules for vnr/nr_ns helpers are horrible and buggy.
task_pid_nr_ns(task) needs rcu/tasklist depending on task == current.
As for "special" pids, vnr/nr_ns helpers always need rcu. However, if
task != current, they are unsafe even under rcu lock, we can't trust
task->group_leader without the special checks.
And almost every helper has a callsite which needs a fix.
Also, it is a bit annoying that the implementations of, say,
task_pgrp_vnr() and task_pgrp_nr_ns() are not "symmetrical".
This patch introduces the new helper, __task_pid_nr_ns(), which is always
safe to use, and turns all other helpers into the trivial wrappers.
After this I'll send another patch which converts task_tgid_xxx() as well,
they're are a bit special.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Louis Rilling <Louis.Rilling@kerlabs.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu <sukadev@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Even if task == current, it is not safe to dereference the result of
task_pgrp/task_session. We can race with another thread which changes the
special pid via setpgid/setsid.
Document this. The next 2 patches give an example of the unsafe usage, we
have more bad users.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Louis Rilling <Louis.Rilling@kerlabs.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu <sukadev@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
By discussion with Roland.
- Rename ptrace_exit() to exit_ptrace(), and change it to do all the
necessary work with ->ptraced list by its own.
- Move this code from exit.c to ptrace.c
- Update the comment in ptrace_detach() to explain the rechecking of
the child->ptrace.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: "Metzger, Markus T" <markus.t.metzger@intel.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When ptrace_detach() takes tasklist, the tracee can be SIGKILL'ed. If it
has already passed exit_notify() we can leak a zombie, because a) ptracing
disables the auto-reaping logic, and b) ->real_parent was not notified
about the child's death.
ptrace_detach() should follow the ptrace_exit's logic, change the code
accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Container-init must behave like global-init to processes within the
container and hence it must be immune to unhandled fatal signals from
within the container (i.e SIG_DFL signals that terminate the process).
But the same container-init must behave like a normal process to processes
in ancestor namespaces and so if it receives the same fatal signal from a
process in ancestor namespace, the signal must be processed.
Implementing these semantics requires that send_signal() determine pid
namespace of the sender but since signals can originate from workqueues/
interrupt-handlers, determining pid namespace of sender may not always be
possible or safe.
This patchset implements the design/simplified semantics suggested by
Oleg Nesterov. The simplified semantics for container-init are:
- container-init must never be terminated by a signal from a
descendant process.
- container-init must never be immune to SIGKILL from an ancestor
namespace (so a process in parent namespace must always be able
to terminate a descendant container).
- container-init may be immune to unhandled fatal signals (like
SIGUSR1) even if they are from ancestor namespace. SIGKILL/SIGSTOP
are the only reliable signals to a container-init from ancestor
namespace.
This patch:
Based on an earlier patch submitted by Oleg Nesterov and comments from
Roland McGrath (http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/11/19/258).
The handler parameter is currently unused in the tracehook functions.
Besides, the tracehook functions are called with siglock held, so the
functions can check the handler if they later need to.
Removing the parameter simiplifies changes to sig_ignored() in a follow-on
patch.
Signed-off-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu <sukadev@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@free.fr>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Try to use CSS ID for records in swap_cgroup. By this, on 64bit machine,
size of swap_cgroup goes down to 2 bytes from 8bytes.
This means, when 2GB of swap is equipped, (assume the page size is 4096bytes)
From size of swap_cgroup = 2G/4k * 8 = 4Mbytes.
To size of swap_cgroup = 2G/4k * 2 = 1Mbytes.
Reduction is large. Of course, there are trade-offs. This CSS ID will
add overhead to swap-in/swap-out/swap-free.
But in general,
- swap is a resource which the user tend to avoid use.
- If swap is never used, swap_cgroup area is not used.
- Reading traditional manuals, size of swap should be proportional to
size of memory. Memory size of machine is increasing now.
I think reducing size of swap_cgroup makes sense.
Note:
- ID->CSS lookup routine has no locks, it's under RCU-Read-Side.
- memcg can be obsolete at rmdir() but not freed while refcnt from
swap_cgroup is available.
Changelog v4->v5:
- reworked on to memcg-charge-swapcache-to-proper-memcg.patch
Changlog ->v4:
- fixed not configured case.
- deleted unnecessary comments.
- fixed NULL pointer bug.
- fixed message in dmesg.
[nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp: css_tryget can be called twice in !PageCgroupUsed case]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add RSS and swap to OOM output from memcg
Display memcg values like failcnt, usage and limit when an OOM occurs due
to memcg.
Thanks to Johannes Weiner, Li Zefan, David Rientjes, Kamezawa Hiroyuki,
Daisuke Nishimura and KOSAKI Motohiro for review.
Sample output
-------------
Task in /a/x killed as a result of limit of /a
memory: usage 1048576kB, limit 1048576kB, failcnt 4183
memory+swap: usage 1400964kB, limit 9007199254740991kB, failcnt 0
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: compilation fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix kerneldoc and whitespace]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add printk facility level]
Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch tries to fix OOM Killer problems caused by hierarchy.
Now, memcg itself has OOM KILL function (in oom_kill.c) and tries to
kill a task in memcg.
But, when hierarchy is used, it's broken and correct task cannot
be killed. For example, in following cgroup
/groupA/ hierarchy=1, limit=1G,
01 nolimit
02 nolimit
All tasks' memory usage under /groupA, /groupA/01, groupA/02 is limited to
groupA's 1Gbytes but OOM Killer just kills tasks in groupA.
This patch provides makes the bad process be selected from all tasks
under hierarchy. BTW, currently, oom_jiffies is updated against groupA
in above case. oom_jiffies of tree should be updated.
To see how oom_jiffies is used, please check mem_cgroup_oom_called()
callers.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: const fix]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have some read-only files and write-only files, but currently they are
all set to 0644, which is counter-intuitive and cause trouble for some
cgroup tools like libcgroup.
This patch adds 'mode' to struct cftype to allow cgroup subsys to set it's
own files' file mode, and for the most cases cft->mode can be default to 0
and cgroup will figure out proper mode.
Acked-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In following situation, with memory subsystem,
/groupA use_hierarchy==1
/01 some tasks
/02 some tasks
/03 some tasks
/04 empty
When tasks under 01/02/03 hit limit on /groupA, hierarchical reclaim
is triggered and the kernel walks tree under groupA. In this case,
rmdir /groupA/04 fails with -EBUSY frequently because of temporal
refcnt from the kernel.
In general. cgroup can be rmdir'd if there are no children groups and
no tasks. Frequent fails of rmdir() is not useful to users.
(And the reason for -EBUSY is unknown to users.....in most cases)
This patch tries to modify above behavior, by
- retries if css_refcnt is got by someone.
- add "return value" to pre_destroy() and allows subsystem to
say "we're really busy!"
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch for Per-CSS(Cgroup Subsys State) ID and private hierarchy code.
This patch attaches unique ID to each css and provides following.
- css_lookup(subsys, id)
returns pointer to struct cgroup_subysys_state of id.
- css_get_next(subsys, id, rootid, depth, foundid)
returns the next css under "root" by scanning
When cgroup_subsys->use_id is set, an id for css is maintained.
The cgroup framework only parepares
- css_id of root css for subsys
- id is automatically attached at creation of css.
- id is *not* freed automatically. Because the cgroup framework
don't know lifetime of cgroup_subsys_state.
free_css_id() function is provided. This must be called by subsys.
There are several reasons to develop this.
- Saving space .... For example, memcg's swap_cgroup is array of
pointers to cgroup. But it is not necessary to be very fast.
By replacing pointers(8bytes per ent) to ID (2byes per ent), we can
reduce much amount of memory usage.
- Scanning without lock.
CSS_ID provides "scan id under this ROOT" function. By this, scanning
css under root can be written without locks.
ex)
do {
rcu_read_lock();
next = cgroup_get_next(subsys, id, root, &found);
/* check sanity of next here */
css_tryget();
rcu_read_unlock();
id = found + 1
} while(...)
Characteristics:
- Each css has unique ID under subsys.
- Lifetime of ID is controlled by subsys.
- css ID contains "ID" and "Depth in hierarchy" and stack of hierarchy
- Allowed ID is 1-65535, ID 0 is UNUSED ID.
Design Choices:
- scan-by-ID v.s. scan-by-tree-walk.
As /proc's pid scan does, scan-by-ID is robust when scanning is done
by following kind of routine.
scan -> rest a while(release a lock) -> conitunue from interrupted
memcg's hierarchical reclaim does this.
- When subsys->use_id is set, # of css in the system is limited to
65535.
[bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com: remove rcu_read_lock() from css_get_next()]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Bharata B Rao <bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The ns_proxy cgroup allows moving processes to child cgroups only one
level deep at a time. This commit relaxes this restriction and makes it
possible to attach tasks directly to grandchild cgroups, e.g.:
($pid is in the root cgroup)
echo $pid > /cgroup/CG1/CG2/tasks
Previously this operation would fail with -EPERM and would have to be
performed as two steps:
echo $pid > /cgroup/CG1/tasks
echo $pid > /cgroup/CG1/CG2/tasks
Also, the target cgroup no longer needs to be empty to move a task there.
Signed-off-by: Grzegorz Nosek <root@localdomain.pl>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
