pokecrystal-board/docs/bugs_and_glitches.md

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2017-12-12 17:50:34 -08:00
# Bugs and Glitches
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## Thick Club and Light Ball can decrease damage done with boosted (Special) Attack
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rGqu3d3pdok&t=450))
This is a bug with `SpeciesItemBoost` in [battle/effect_commands.asm](battle/effect_commands.asm):
```asm
; Double the stat
sla l
rl h
ret
```
**Fix:**
```asm
; Double the stat
sla l
rl h
ld a, 999 / $100
cp h
jr c, .cap
ld a, 999 % $100
cp l
ret nc
.cap
ld h, 999 / $100
ld l, 999 % $100
ret
```
## Metal Powder can increase damage taken with boosted (Special) Defense
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rGqu3d3pdok&t=450))
This is a bug with `DittoMetalPowder` in [battle/effect_commands.asm](battle/effect_commands.asm):
```asm
ld a, c
srl a
add c
ld c, a
ret nc
srl b
ld a, b
and a
jr nz, .done
inc b
.done
scf
rr c
ret
```
**Fix:**
```asm
ld a, c
srl a
add c
ld c, a
ret nc
srl b
ld a, b
and a
jr nz, .done
inc b
.done
scf
rr c
ld a, 999 / $100
cp b
jr c, .cap
ld a, 999 % $100
cp c
ret nc
.cap
ld b, 999 / $100
ld c, 999 % $100
ret
```
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## Belly Drum sharply boosts Attack even with under 50% HP
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zuCLMikWo4Y))
This is a bug with `BattleCommand_BellyDrum` in [battle/effect_commands.asm](battle/effect_commands.asm):
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```asm
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BattleCommand_BellyDrum: ; 37c1a
; bellydrum
; This command is buggy because it raises the user's attack
; before checking that it has enough HP to use the move.
; Swap the order of these two blocks to fix.
call BattleCommand_AttackUp2
ld a, [AttackMissed]
and a
jr nz, .failed
callab GetHalfMaxHP
callab CheckUserHasEnoughHP
jr nc, .failed
```
**Fix:**
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```asm
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BattleCommand_BellyDrum: ; 37c1a
; bellydrum
callab GetHalfMaxHP
callab CheckUserHasEnoughHP
jr nc, .failed
call BattleCommand_AttackUp2
ld a, [AttackMissed]
and a
jr nz, .failed
```
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## HP bar animation is slow for high HP
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([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SE-BfsFgZVM))
This is a bug with `LongAnim_UpdateVariables` in [engine/anim_hp_bar.asm](engine/anim_hp_bar.asm):
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```asm
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; This routine is buggy. The result from ComputeHPBarPixels is stored
; in e. However, the pop de opcode deletes this result before it is even
; used. The game then proceeds as though it never deleted that output.
; To fix, uncomment the line below.
call ComputeHPBarPixels
; ld a, e
pop bc
pop de
pop hl
ld a, e ; Comment or delete this line to fix the above bug.
ld hl, wCurHPBarPixels
cp [hl]
jr z, .loop
ld [hl], a
and a
ret
```
**Fix:** Move `ld a, e` to right after `call ComputeHPBarPixels`.
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## HP bar animation off-by-one error for low HP
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9KyNVIZxJvI))
This is a bug with `ShortHPBar_CalcPixelFrame` in [engine/anim_hp_bar.asm](engine/anim_hp_bar.asm):
```asm
ld b, 0
; This routine is buggy. If [wCurHPAnimMaxHP] * [wCurHPBarPixels] is divisible
; by 48, the loop runs one extra time. To fix, uncomment the line below.
.loop
ld a, l
sub 6 * 8
ld l, a
ld a, h
sbc $0
ld h, a
; jr z, .done
jr c, .done
inc b
jr .loop
```
**Fix:** Uncomment `jr z, .done`.
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## Experience underflow for level 1 Pokémon with Medium-Slow growth rate
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXH8u0plHrE))
This can bring Pokémon straight from level 1 to 100 by gaining just a few experience points.
This is a bug with `CalcExpAtLevel` in [main.asm](main.asm):
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```asm
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CalcExpAtLevel: ; 50e47
; (a/b)*n**3 + c*n**2 + d*n - e
ld a, [BaseGrowthRate]
add a
add a
ld c, a
ld b, 0
ld hl, GrowthRates
add hl, bc
```
**Fix:**
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```asm
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CalcExpAtLevel: ; 50e47
; (a/b)*n**3 + c*n**2 + d*n - e
ld a, d
cp 1
jr nz, .UseExpFormula
; Pokémon have 0 experience at level 1
xor a
ld hl, hProduct
ld [hli], a
ld [hli], a
ld [hli], a
ld [hl], a
ret
.UseExpFormula
ld a, [BaseGrowthRate]
add a
add a
ld c, a
ld b, 0
ld hl, GrowthRates
add hl, bc
```
## Five-digit experience gain is printed incorrectly
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o54VjpAEoO8))
This is a bug with `Text_ABoostedStringBuffer2ExpPoints` and `Text_StringBuffer2ExpPoints` in [text/common_2.asm](text/common_2.asm):
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```asm
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Text_ABoostedStringBuffer2ExpPoints::
text ""
line "a boosted"
cont "@"
deciram StringBuffer2, 2, 4
text " EXP. Points!"
prompt
Text_StringBuffer2ExpPoints::
text ""
line "@"
deciram StringBuffer2, 2, 4
text " EXP. Points!"
prompt
```
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**Fix:** Change both `deciram StringBuffer2, 2, 4` to `deciram StringBuffer2, 2, 5`.
## NPC use of Full Heal or Full Restore does not cure Nightmare status
2017-12-12 20:07:35 -08:00
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rGqu3d3pdok&t=322))
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This is a bug with `AI_HealStatus` in [battle/ai/items.asm](battle/ai/items.asm):
```asm
AI_HealStatus: ; 384e0
ld a, [CurOTMon]
ld hl, OTPartyMon1Status
ld bc, PARTYMON_STRUCT_LENGTH
call AddNTimes
xor a
ld [hl], a
ld [EnemyMonStatus], a
; Bug: this should reset SUBSTATUS_NIGHTMARE too
; Uncomment the lines below to fix
; ld hl, EnemySubStatus1
; res SUBSTATUS_NIGHTMARE, [hl]
ld hl, EnemySubStatus5
res SUBSTATUS_TOXIC, [hl]
ret
; 384f7
```
**Fix:** Uncomment `ld hl, EnemySubStatus1` and `res SUBSTATUS_NIGHTMARE, [hl]`.
## "Smart" AI encourages Mean Look if its own Pokémon is badly poisoned
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cygMO-zHTls))
This is a bug with `AI_Smart_MeanLook` in [battle/ai/scoring.asm](battle/ai/scoring.asm):
```asm
; 80% chance to greatly encourage this move if the enemy is badly poisoned (buggy).
; Should check PlayerSubStatus5 instead.
ld a, [EnemySubStatus5]
bit SUBSTATUS_TOXIC, a
jr nz, .asm_38e26
```
**Fix:** Change `EnemySubStatus5` to `PlayerSubStatus5`.
## A Disabled, PP Up–enhanced move may not trigger automatic Struggling
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1v9x4SgMggs))
This is a bug with `CheckPlayerHasUsableMoves` in [battle/core.asm](battle/core.asm):
```asm
.done
; Bug: this will result in a move with PP Up confusing the game.
; Replace with "and $3f" to fix.
and a
ret nz
.force_struggle
ld hl, BattleText_PkmnHasNoMovesLeft
call StdBattleTextBox
ld c, 60
call DelayFrames
xor a
ret
```
**Fix:** Change `and a` to `and $3f`.
## Counter and Mirror Coat still work if the opponent uses an item
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uRYyzKRatFk))
*To do:* Identify specific code causing this bug and fix it.
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## Present damage is incorrect in link battles
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XJaQoKtrEuw))
This bug existed for all battles in Gold and Silver, and was only fixed for single-player battles in Crystal to preserve link compatibility.
This is a bug with `BattleCommand_Present` in [battle/effects/present.asm](battle/effects/present.asm):
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```asm
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BattleCommand_Present: ; 37874
; present
ld a, [wLinkMode]
cp LINK_COLOSSEUM
jr z, .colosseum_skippush
push bc
push de
.colosseum_skippush
call BattleCommand_Stab
ld a, [wLinkMode]
cp LINK_COLOSSEUM
jr z, .colosseum_skippop
pop de
pop bc
.colosseum_skippop
```
**Fix:**
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```asm
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BattleCommand_Present: ; 37874
; present
push bc
push de
call BattleCommand_Stab
pop de
pop bc
```
## BRN/PSN/PAR do not affect catch rate
This is a bug with `PokeBall` in [items/item_effects.asm](items/item_effects.asm):
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```asm
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.statuscheck
; This routine is buggy. It was intended that SLP and FRZ provide a higher
; catch rate than BRN/PSN/PAR, which in turn provide a higher catch rate than
; no status effect at all. But instead, it makes BRN/PSN/PAR provide no
; benefit.
; Uncomment the line below to fix this.
ld b, a
ld a, [EnemyMonStatus]
and 1 << FRZ | SLP
ld c, 10
jr nz, .addstatus
; ld a, [EnemyMonStatus]
and a
ld c, 5
jr nz, .addstatus
ld c, 0
.addstatus
ld a, b
add c
jr nc, .max_1
ld a, $ff
.max_1
```
**Fix:** Uncomment `ld a, [EnemyMonStatus]`.
## Moon Ball does not boost catch rate
This is a bug with `MoonBallMultiplier` in [items/item_effects.asm](items/item_effects.asm):
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```asm
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MoonBallMultiplier:
; This function is buggy.
; Intent: multiply catch rate by 4 if mon evolves with moon stone
; Reality: no boost
...
; Moon Stone's constant from Pokémon Red is used.
; No Pokémon evolve with Burn Heal,
; so Moon Balls always have a catch rate of 1×.
push bc
ld a, BANK(EvosAttacks)
call GetFarByte
cp MOON_STONE_RED ; BURN_HEAL
pop bc
ret nz
```
**Fix:** Change `MOON_STONE_RED` to `MOON_STONE`.
## Love Ball boosts catch rate for the wrong gender
This is a bug with `LoveBallMultiplier` in [items/item_effects.asm](items/item_effects.asm):
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```asm
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LoveBallMultiplier:
; This function is buggy.
; Intent: multiply catch rate by 8 if mons are of same species, different sex
; Reality: multiply catch rate by 8 if mons are of same species, same sex
...
ld a, d
pop de
cp d
pop bc
ret nz ; for the intended effect, this should be "ret z"
```
**Fix:** Change `ret nz` to `ret z`.
## Fast Ball only boosts catch rate for three Pokémon
This is a bug with `FastBallMultiplier` in [items/item_effects.asm](items/item_effects.asm):
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```asm
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FastBallMultiplier:
; This function is buggy.
; Intent: multiply catch rate by 4 if enemy mon is in one of the three
; FleeMons tables.
; Reality: multiply catch rate by 4 if enemy mon is one of the first three in
; the first FleeMons table.
...
inc hl
cp -1
jr z, .next
cp c
jr nz, .next ; for the intended effect, this should be "jr nz, .loop"
sla b
jr c, .max
```
**Fix:** Change `jr nz, .next` to `jr nz, .loop`.
## Friend Ball catches sent to the PC overwrite the wrong Pokémon's happiness
This is a bug with `PokeBall` in [items/item_effects.asm](items/item_effects.asm):
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```asm
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ld a, [CurItem]
cp FRIEND_BALL
jr nz, .SkipBoxMonFriendBall
; Bug: overwrites the happiness of the first mon in the box!
ld a, FRIEND_BALL_HAPPINESS
ld [sBoxMon1Happiness], a
.SkipBoxMonFriendBall:
```
`sBoxMon1Happiness` is written *before* the Friend Ball Pokémon is deposited.
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## Dragon Scale, not Dragon Fang, boosts Dragon-type moves
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This is a bug with `ItemAttributes` in [items/item_attributes.asm](items/item_attributes.asm):
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```asm
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; DRAGON FANG
item_attribute 100, 0, 0, CANT_SELECT, ITEM, ITEMMENU_NOUSE, ITEMMENU_NOUSE
...
; DRAGON SCALE
item_attribute 2100, HELD_DRAGON_BOOST, 10, CANT_SELECT, ITEM, ITEMMENU_NOUSE, ITEMMENU_NOUSE
```
**Fix:** Move `HELD_DRAGON_BOOST` to the `DRAGON FANG` attributes and `0` to `DRAGON SCALE`.
## Daisy's massages don't always increase happiness
This is a bug with `MassageOrHaircut` in [event/special.asm](event/special.asm):
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```asm
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; Bug: Subtracting $ff from $ff fails to set c.
; This can result in overflow into the next data array.
; In the case of getting a massage from Daisy, we bleed
; into CopyPokemonName_Buffer1_Buffer3, which passes
; $d0 to ChangeHappiness and returns $73 to the script.
; The end result is that there is a 0.4% chance your
; Pokemon's happiness will not change at all.
.loop
sub [hl]
jr c, .ok
inc hl
inc hl
inc hl
jr .loop
.ok
inc hl
ld a, [hli]
ld [ScriptVar], a
ld c, [hl]
call ChangeHappiness
ret
...
Data_DaisyMassage: ; 746b
db $ff, 2, HAPPINESS_MASSAGE ; 99.6% chance
CopyPokemonName_Buffer1_Buffer3: ; 746e
ld hl, StringBuffer1
ld de, StringBuffer3
ld bc, PKMN_NAME_LENGTH
jp CopyBytes
```
**Fix:**
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```asm
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Data_DaisyMassage: ; 746b
db $80, 2, HAPPINESS_MASSAGE ; 50% chance
db $ff, 2, HAPPINESS_MASSAGE ; 50% chance
```
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## Magikarp in Lake of Rage are shorter, not longer
This is a bug with `LoadEnemyMon.CheckMagikarpArea` in [battle/core.asm](battle/core.asm):
```asm
.CheckMagikarpArea:
; The z checks are supposed to be nz
; Instead, all maps in GROUP_LAKE_OF_RAGE (mahogany area)
; and routes 20 and 44 are treated as Lake of Rage
; This also means Lake of Rage Magikarp can be smaller than ones
; caught elsewhere rather than the other way around
; Intended behavior enforces a minimum size at Lake of Rage
; The real behavior prevents size flooring in the Lake of Rage area
ld a, [MapGroup]
cp GROUP_LAKE_OF_RAGE
jr z, .Happiness
ld a, [MapNumber]
cp MAP_LAKE_OF_RAGE
jr z, .Happiness
```
**Fix:** Change both `jr z, .Happiness` to `jr nz, .Happiness`.
## Battle transitions fail to account for the enemy's level
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eij_1060SMc))
This is a bug with `StartTrainerBattle_DetermineWhichAnimation` in [engine/battle_start.asm](engine/battle_start.asm):
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```asm
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StartTrainerBattle_DetermineWhichAnimation: ; 8c365 (23:4365)
; The screen flashes a different number of times depending on the level of
; your lead Pokemon relative to the opponent's.
; BUG: BattleMonLevel and EnemyMonLevel are not set at this point, so whatever
; values happen to be there will determine the animation.
ld de, 0
ld a, [BattleMonLevel]
add 3
ld hl, EnemyMonLevel
cp [hl]
jr nc, .okay
set 0, e
.okay
ld a, [wPermission]
cp CAVE
jr z, .okay2
cp PERM_5
jr z, .okay2
cp DUNGEON
jr z, .okay2
set 1, e
.okay2
ld hl, .StartingPoints
add hl, de
ld a, [hl]
ld [wJumptableIndex], a
ret
; 8c38f (23:438f)
.StartingPoints: ; 8c38f
db 1, 9
db 16, 24
; 8c393
```
*To do:* Fix this bug.
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## No bump noise if standing on tile `$3E`
This is a bug with `DoPlayerMovement.CheckWarp` in [engine/player_movement.asm](engine/player_movement.asm):
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```asm
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; Bug: Since no case is made for STANDING here, it will check
; [.edgewarps + $ff]. This resolves to $3e at $8035a.
; This causes wd041 to be nonzero when standing on tile $3e,
; making bumps silent.
ld a, [WalkingDirection]
ld e, a
ld d, 0
ld hl, .EdgeWarps
add hl, de
ld a, [PlayerStandingTile]
cp [hl]
jr nz, .not_warp
ld a, 1
ld [wd041], a
ld a, [WalkingDirection]
cp STANDING
jr z, .not_warp
```
**Fix:**
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```asm
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ld a, [WalkingDirection]
cp STANDING
jr z, .not_warp
ld e, a
ld d, 0
ld hl, .EdgeWarps
add hl, de
ld a, [PlayerStandingTile]
cp [hl]
jr nz, .not_warp
ld a, 1
ld [wd041], a
ld a, [WalkingDirection]
```
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## `LoadMetatiles` wrap around past 128 blocks
[home/map.asm](home/map.asm):
```asm
; Set hl to the address of the current metatile data ([TilesetBlocksAddress] + (a) tiles).
; This is buggy; it wraps around past 128 blocks.
; To fix, uncomment the line below.
add a ; Comment or delete this line to fix the above bug.
ld l, a
ld h, 0
; add hl, hl
add hl, hl
add hl, hl
add hl, hl
ld a, [TilesetBlocksAddress]
add l
ld l, a
ld a, [TilesetBlocksAddress + 1]
adc h
ld h, a
```
**Fix:** Delete `add a` and uncomment `add hl, hl`.
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## Surfing directly across a map connection does not load the new map
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XFOWvMNG-zw))
*To do:* Identify specific code causing this bug and fix it.
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## `CheckOwnMon` only checks the first five letters of OT names
([Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVTTmReM4nQ))
This bug can allow you to talk to Eusine in Celadon City and encounter Ho-Oh with only traded legendary beasts.
[engine/search.asm](engine/search.asm):
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```asm
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; check OT
; This only checks five characters, which is fine for the Japanese version,
; but in the English version the player name is 7 characters, so this is wrong.
ld hl, PlayerName
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rept NAME_LENGTH_JAPANESE +- 2 ; should be PLAYER_NAME_LENGTH +- 2
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ld a, [de]
cp [hl]
jr nz, .notfound
cp "@"
jr z, .found ; reached end of string
inc hl
inc de
endr
ld a, [de]
cp [hl]
jr z, .found
.notfound
pop de
pop hl
pop bc
and a
ret
```
2017-12-12 17:21:08 -08:00
**Fix:** Change `rept NAME_LENGTH_JAPANESE +- 2` to `rept PLAYER_NAME_LENGTH +- 2`.
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## `HELD_CATCH_CHANCE` has no effect
This is a bug with `PokeBall` in [items/item_effects.asm](items/item_effects.asm):
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```asm
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; BUG: callba overwrites a,
; and GetItemHeldEffect takes b anyway.
; This is probably the reason
; the HELD_CATCH_CHANCE effect
; is never used.
; Uncomment the line below to fix.
ld a, [BattleMonItem]
; ld b, a
callba GetItemHeldEffect
ld a, b
cp HELD_CATCH_CHANCE
```
**Fix:** Uncomment `ld b, a`.
## `ScriptCall` can overflow `wScriptStack` and crash
[engine/scripting.asm](engine/scripting.asm):
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```asm
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ScriptCall:
; Bug: The script stack has a capacity of 5 scripts, yet there is
; nothing to stop you from pushing a sixth script. The high part
; of the script address can then be overwritten by modifications
; to ScriptDelay, causing the script to return to the rst/interrupt
; space.
push de
ld hl, wScriptStackSize
ld e, [hl]
inc [hl]
ld d, $0
ld hl, wScriptStack
add hl, de
add hl, de
add hl, de
pop de
ld a, [ScriptBank]
ld [hli], a
ld a, [ScriptPos]
ld [hli], a
ld a, [ScriptPos + 1]
ld [hl], a
ld a, b
ld [ScriptBank], a
ld a, e
ld [ScriptPos], a
ld a, d
ld [ScriptPos + 1], a
ret
```
## `LoadSpriteGFX` does not limit the capacity of `UsedSprites`
[engine/overworld.asm](engine/overworld.asm):
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```asm
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LoadSpriteGFX: ; 14306
; Bug: b is not preserved, so
; it's useless as a next count.
ld hl, UsedSprites
ld b, SPRITE_GFX_LIST_CAPACITY
.loop
ld a, [hli]
and a
jr z, .done
push hl
call .LoadSprite
pop hl
ld [hli], a
dec b
jr nz, .loop
.done
ret
.LoadSprite:
call GetSprite
ld a, l
ret
; 1431e
```
`GetSprite` modifies `b`. Surround it with `push bc`/`pop bc` to fix.
## `ChooseWildEncounter` doesn't really validate the wild Pokémon species
[engine/wildmons.asm](engine/wildmons.asm):
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```asm
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ChooseWildEncounter: ; 2a14f
...
ld a, b
ld [CurPartyLevel], a
ld b, [hl]
; ld a, b
call ValidateTempWildMonSpecies
jr c, .nowildbattle
ld a, b ; This is in the wrong place.
cp UNOWN
jr nz, .done
...
ValidateTempWildMonSpecies: ; 2a4a0
; Due to a development oversight, this function is called with the wild Pokemon's level, not its species, in a.
```
**Fix:**
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```asm
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ld a, b
ld [CurPartyLevel], a
ld b, [hl]
ld a, b
call ValidateTempWildMonSpecies
jr c, .nowildbattle
cp UNOWN
jr nz, .done
```
## `TryObjectEvent` arbitrary code execution
[engine/events.asm](engine/events.asm):
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```asm
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; Bug: If IsInArray returns nc, data at bc will be executed as code.
push bc
ld de, 3
ld hl, .pointers
call IsInArray
jr nc, .nope_bugged
pop bc
inc hl
ld a, [hli]
ld h, [hl]
ld l, a
jp hl
.nope_bugged
; pop bc
xor a
ret
```
**Fix:** Uncomment `pop bc`.
## `Special_CheckBugContestContestantFlag` can read beyond its data table
[event/bug_contest_2.asm](event/bug_contest_2.asm):
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```asm
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Special_CheckBugContestContestantFlag: ; 139ed
; Checks the flag of the Bug Catching Contestant whose index is loaded in a.
; Bug: If a >= 10 when this is called, it will read beyond the table.
ld hl, BugCatchingContestantEventFlagTable
ld e, a
ld d, 0
add hl, de
add hl, de
ld e, [hl]
inc hl
ld d, [hl]
ld b, CHECK_FLAG
call EventFlagAction
ret
; 139fe
BugCatchingContestantEventFlagTable: ; 139fe
dw EVENT_BUG_CATCHING_CONTESTANT_1A
dw EVENT_BUG_CATCHING_CONTESTANT_2A
dw EVENT_BUG_CATCHING_CONTESTANT_3A
dw EVENT_BUG_CATCHING_CONTESTANT_4A
dw EVENT_BUG_CATCHING_CONTESTANT_5A
dw EVENT_BUG_CATCHING_CONTESTANT_6A
dw EVENT_BUG_CATCHING_CONTESTANT_7A
dw EVENT_BUG_CATCHING_CONTESTANT_8A
dw EVENT_BUG_CATCHING_CONTESTANT_9A
dw EVENT_BUG_CATCHING_CONTESTANT_10A
; 13a12
```
## `ClearWRAM` only clears WRAM bank 1
[home/init.asm](home/init.asm):
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```asm
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ClearWRAM:: ; 25a
; Wipe swappable WRAM banks (1-7)
; Assumes CGB or AGB
ld a, 1
.bank_loop
push af
ld [rSVBK], a
xor a
ld hl, $d000
ld bc, $1000
call ByteFill
pop af
inc a
cp 8
jr nc, .bank_loop ; Should be jr c
ret
; 270
```
**Fix:** Change `jr nc, .bank_loop` to `jr c, .bank_loop`.
## `GetForestTreeFrame` works, but it's still bad
[tilesets/animations.asm](tilesets/animations.asm):
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```asm
GetForestTreeFrame: ; fc54c
; Return 0 if a is even, or 2 if odd.
and a
jr z, .even
cp 1
jr z, .odd
cp 2
jr z, .even
cp 3
jr z, .odd
cp 4
jr z, .even
cp 5
jr z, .odd
cp 6
jr z, .even
.odd
ld a, 2
scf
ret
.even
xor a
ret
; fc56d
```
**Fix:**
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```asm
GetForestTreeFrame: ; fc54c
; Return 0 if a is even, or 2 if odd.
and 1
add a
ret
; fc56d
```