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8.9 KiB
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213 lines
8.9 KiB
HTML
<h2>Methods</h2>
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<p>Methods are represented by the <code>MonoMethod*</code>
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instances. Various APIs surface these instances, but usually
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you will use the <a href="#method-desc">method description</a>
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API to get a handle to a Mono Method. You can <a href="method-invoking">invoke</a> those methods from C,
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or you can probe <a href="method-working">probe various properties</a> of a method, and in particular
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its <a href="method-signature">method signature</a> or get
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some <a href="method-header">low-level information</a> about them.
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<p>The following code snippet from the Mono runtime shows you
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how to create a managed <code>System.Version</code> instance
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with four integers by looking up the constructor in the
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managed implementation of System.Version, creating an instance
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of the object, and then invoking the constructor on it.
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<div class="mapi-header">
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MonoObject*
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create_version (MonoDomain *domain, guint32 major, guint32 minor, guint32 build, guint32 revision)
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{
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MonoClass *System_Version;
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MonoMethod *create_version;
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MonoError error;
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MonoObject *result;
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gpointer args [4];
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System_Version = mono_class_from_name (mono_defaults.corlib, "System", "Version");
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// Create a method description that we use to search for the
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// constructor method
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MonoMethodDesc *desc = mono_method_desc_new (":.ctor(int,int,int,int)", FALSE);
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create_version = mono_method_desc_search_in_class (desc, System_Version);
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mono_method_desc_free (desc);
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// Setup the parameters to pass.
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args [0] = &major;
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args [1] = &minor;
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args [2] = &build;
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args [3] = &revision;
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// Create the object instance
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result = mono_object_new_checked (domain, System_Version, &error);
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// Raise an exception in case of an error
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mono_error_raise_exception (&error);
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// Otherwise, invoke the constructor
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mono_runtime_invoke (create_version, result, args, NULL);
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// Return ther esult
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return result;
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}
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</div>
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<a name="method-desc"></a>
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<h3>Method Descriptions</h3>
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<p>Methods are represented by the <code>MonoMethod*</code>
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instances. To simplify the process of getting
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a <code>MonoMethod*</code>, you use Method Descriptors, which
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are C-strings that describe the method that you are looking
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for, and then you perform a search in either
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a <a href="mono-api-type.html">type</a>, or a
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loaded <a href="mono-api-image.html">image</a>.
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<p>To describe a method, you use the Method Description API.
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Method descriptions are used to locate a method in the
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executing program. They can either be fully specified, that
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is, they would include the namespace, class, method name and
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all of its arguments or they omit the namespace and arguments
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and even use wildcard matches for the class name and method names.
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<p>You use the fully specified version to identify a
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particular method, or you can use the partial version to find
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a method or a family of methods in the code.
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<p>Method descriptions are typically created from a C string
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representation, and take the following form:
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<p><code>[namespace.]classname:methodname[(args...)]</code>
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<p>Both classname and methodname can contain the '*' character
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which can be used to match anything. Arguments are separated
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by commas.
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<p>You can use the type shortcuts to match the fully qualified
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parameter types. The supported type shortcuts are:
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<code>char</code>,
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<code>bool</code>,
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<code>byte</code>,
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<code>sbyte</code>,
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<code>uint16</code>,
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<code>int16</code>,
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<code>uint</code>,
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<code>int</code>,
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<code>ulong</code>,
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<code>long</code>,
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<code>uintptr</code>,
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<code>intptr</code>,
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<code>single</code>,
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<code>double</code>,
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<code>string</code> and
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<code>object</code>.
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<p>The type parameters can use the "&" and "*" type modifiers.
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<p>Examples of method descriptions:
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<ul>
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<li>"Monitor:Exit": matches classes and methods called "Monitor.Exit"
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<li>"Monitor:enter_with_atomic_var(object,bool&)":
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matches a method in the class Monitor with two
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specific type parameters.
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<li>":.ctor(int,int,int,int)": matches constructors
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that take four integers.
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<li>"System.Globalization.CultureInfo:CreateCulture(string,bool)":
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matches the CreateCultureMethod that takes a string
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and a boolean on the System.Globalization.CultureInfo class.
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</ul>
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<p>You can
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then <a href="api:mono_method_desc_search_in_image">search for
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methods in MonoImages</a>
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or <a href="api:mono_method_desc_search_in_class">search for
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methods in classes</a>.
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_desc_new">mono_method_desc_new</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_desc_free">mono_method_desc_free</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_desc_from_method">mono_method_desc_from_method</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_desc_full_match">mono_method_desc_full_match</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_desc_match">mono_method_desc_match</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_desc_search_in_class">mono_method_desc_search_in_class</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_desc_search_in_image">mono_method_desc_search_in_image</a></h4>
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<a name="method-working"></a>
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<h3>Working with Methods</h3>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_full_name">mono_method_full_name</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_class">mono_method_get_class</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_flags">mono_method_get_flags</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_last_managed">mono_method_get_last_managed</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_marshal_info">mono_method_get_marshal_info</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_name">mono_method_get_name</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_object">mono_method_get_object</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_param_names">mono_method_get_param_names</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_param_token">mono_method_get_param_token</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_signature">mono_method_get_signature</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_index">mono_method_get_index</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_signature_full">mono_method_get_signature_full</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_token">mono_method_get_token</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_unmanaged_thunk">mono_method_get_unmanaged_thunk</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_has_marshal_info">mono_method_has_marshal_info</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_verify">mono_method_verify</a></h4>
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<a name="method-invoking"></a>
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<h3>Invoking Methods</h3>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_runtime_invoke">mono_runtime_invoke</a></h4>
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If you want to invoke generic methods, you must call the method on the
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"inflated" class, which you can obtain from the
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<tt>mono_object_get_class()</tt>
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<div class="mapi-code">
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MonoClass *clazz;
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MonoMethod *method;
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clazz = mono_object_get_class (obj);
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/*
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* If there are more Add methods declared, you
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* may use mono_method_desc_search_in_class (clazz, ":Add(T)"),
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* you must substitute ":Add(T)" with the correct type, for example
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* for List<int>, you would use ":Add(int)".
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*/
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method = mono_class_get_method_from_name (clazz, "Add", 1);
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mono_runtime_invoke (method, obj, args, &exception);
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</div>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_runtime_invoke_array">mono_runtime_invoke_array</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_runtime_delegate_invoke">mono_runtime_delegate_invoke</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_body_get_object">mono_method_body_get_object</a></h4>
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<a name="method-signature"></a>
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<h3>Method Signatures</h3>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_signature">mono_method_signature</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_signature_explicit_this">mono_signature_explicit_this</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_signature_get_call_conv">mono_signature_get_call_conv</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_signature_get_desc">mono_signature_get_desc</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_signature_get_param_count">mono_signature_get_param_count</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_signature_get_params">mono_signature_get_params</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_signature_get_return_type">mono_signature_get_return_type</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_signature_hash">mono_signature_hash</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_signature_is_instance">mono_signature_is_instance</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_signature_param_is_out">mono_signature_param_is_out</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_signature_vararg_start">mono_signature_vararg_start</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_param_get_objects">mono_param_get_objects</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_get_method_full">mono_get_method_full</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_get_method">mono_get_method</a></h4>
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<a name="method-header"></a>
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<h3>Methods Header Operations</h3>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_get_header">mono_method_get_header</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_header_get_clauses">mono_method_header_get_clauses</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_header_get_code">mono_method_header_get_code</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_header_get_locals">mono_method_header_get_locals</a></h4>
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<h4><a name="api:mono_method_header_get_num_clauses">mono_method_header_get_num_clauses</a></h4>
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