binfmt-detector-cli: rewrite to support PE32+ binaries (#38)

Rewrite with hard-coded offsets into the PE file format to discern
if a binary is PE32 or PE32+, and then to determine if it contains
a "CLR Data Directory" entry that looks valid.

Tested with PE32 and PE32+ compiled Mono binaries, PE32 and PE32+ native
binaries, and a random assortment of garbage files.

Former-commit-id: 9e7ac86ec84f653a2f79b87183efd5b0ebda001b

mcs/class/referencesource/mscorlib/system/globalization/culturedata.cs.REMOVED.git-id

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mcs/class/referencesource/mscorlib/system/globalization/datetimeformatinfo.cs.REMOVED.git-id

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-7c03df01a4c5f9072065355c954d3e1ae956b871

mcs/class/referencesource/mscorlib/system/globalization/datetimeparse.cs.REMOVED.git-id

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-6151722b5aa7029cf4a52f32ca44fa3dfa3b334b

mcs/class/referencesource/mscorlib/system/globalization/koreanlunisolarcalendar.cs.REMOVED.git-id

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-f1f2a1b83132788a550f78e02116fae9f3da7196