Files
macports-ports/devel/git/files/patch-git-subtree.html.diff
Herby Gillot 50534eb643 git: update to 2.55.0
Bring the release port up to 2.55.0 now that the git-devel subport has
verified the build.

- Update release distfile checksums (git, git-manpages, and the +doc
  git-htmldocs tarball) for 2.55.0.
- Consolidate patches now that both ports share the same source version:
  the old-Clang __builtin_add_overflow fallback (macOS < 10.12) and the
  fsmonitor daemon backend disable (macOS < 10.10) move to the shared
  section, and the osxkeychain revert (macOS < 10.7) is de-duplicated out
  of the per-subport branches.
- Drop the temporary patch-ignore-fsmonitor-daemon-backend-devel.diff;
  the canonical patch now carries the 2.55.0 Makefile layout for both.
- Regenerate the prebuilt git-subtree man/html documentation from the
  2.55.0 source (it was frozen at git 2.33.1).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-06-30 10:44:56 -04:00

1239 lines
38 KiB
Diff

--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1235 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=UTF-8" />
+<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 10.2.1" />
+<title>git-subtree(1)</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+/* Shared CSS for AsciiDoc xhtml11 and html5 backends */
+
+/* Default font. */
+body {
+ font-family: Georgia,serif;
+}
+
+/* Title font. */
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
+div.title, caption.title,
+thead, p.table.header,
+#toctitle,
+#author, #revnumber, #revdate, #revremark,
+#footer {
+ font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
+}
+
+body {
+ margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
+}
+
+a {
+ color: blue;
+ text-decoration: underline;
+}
+a:visited {
+ color: fuchsia;
+}
+
+em {
+ font-style: italic;
+ color: navy;
+}
+
+strong {
+ font-weight: bold;
+ color: #083194;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
+ color: #527bbd;
+ margin-top: 1.2em;
+ margin-bottom: 0.5em;
+ line-height: 1.3;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3 {
+ border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
+}
+h2 {
+ padding-top: 0.5em;
+}
+h3 {
+ float: left;
+}
+h3 + * {
+ clear: left;
+}
+h5 {
+ font-size: 1.0em;
+}
+
+div.sectionbody {
+ margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+hr {
+ border: 1px solid silver;
+}
+
+p {
+ margin-top: 0.5em;
+ margin-bottom: 0.5em;
+}
+
+ul, ol, li > p {
+ margin-top: 0;
+}
+ul > li { color: #aaa; }
+ul > li > * { color: black; }
+
+.monospaced, code, pre {
+ font-family: "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
+ font-size: inherit;
+ color: navy;
+ padding: 0;
+ margin: 0;
+}
+pre {
+ white-space: pre-wrap;
+}
+
+#author {
+ color: #527bbd;
+ font-weight: bold;
+ font-size: 1.1em;
+}
+#email {
+}
+#revnumber, #revdate, #revremark {
+}
+
+#footer {
+ font-size: small;
+ border-top: 2px solid silver;
+ padding-top: 0.5em;
+ margin-top: 4.0em;
+}
+#footer-text {
+ float: left;
+ padding-bottom: 0.5em;
+}
+#footer-badges {
+ float: right;
+ padding-bottom: 0.5em;
+}
+
+#preamble {
+ margin-top: 1.5em;
+ margin-bottom: 1.5em;
+}
+div.imageblock, div.exampleblock, div.verseblock,
+div.quoteblock, div.literalblock, div.listingblock, div.sidebarblock,
+div.admonitionblock {
+ margin-top: 1.0em;
+ margin-bottom: 1.5em;
+}
+div.admonitionblock {
+ margin-top: 2.0em;
+ margin-bottom: 2.0em;
+ margin-right: 10%;
+ color: #606060;
+}
+
+div.content { /* Block element content. */
+ padding: 0;
+}
+
+/* Block element titles. */
+div.title, caption.title {
+ color: #527bbd;
+ font-weight: bold;
+ text-align: left;
+ margin-top: 1.0em;
+ margin-bottom: 0.5em;
+}
+div.title + * {
+ margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+td div.title:first-child {
+ margin-top: 0.0em;
+}
+div.content div.title:first-child {
+ margin-top: 0.0em;
+}
+div.content + div.title {
+ margin-top: 0.0em;
+}
+
+div.sidebarblock > div.content {
+ background: #ffffee;
+ border: 1px solid #dddddd;
+ border-left: 4px solid #f0f0f0;
+ padding: 0.5em;
+}
+
+div.listingblock > div.content {
+ border: 1px solid #dddddd;
+ border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
+ background: #f8f8f8;
+ padding: 0.5em;
+}
+
+div.quoteblock, div.verseblock {
+ padding-left: 1.0em;
+ margin-left: 1.0em;
+ margin-right: 10%;
+ border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
+ color: #888;
+}
+
+div.quoteblock > div.attribution {
+ padding-top: 0.5em;
+ text-align: right;
+}
+
+div.verseblock > pre.content {
+ font-family: inherit;
+ font-size: inherit;
+}
+div.verseblock > div.attribution {
+ padding-top: 0.75em;
+ text-align: left;
+}
+/* DEPRECATED: Pre version 8.2.7 verse style literal block. */
+div.verseblock + div.attribution {
+ text-align: left;
+}
+
+div.admonitionblock .icon {
+ vertical-align: top;
+ font-size: 1.1em;
+ font-weight: bold;
+ text-decoration: underline;
+ color: #527bbd;
+ padding-right: 0.5em;
+}
+div.admonitionblock td.content {
+ padding-left: 0.5em;
+ border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
+}
+
+div.exampleblock > div.content {
+ border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
+ padding-left: 0.5em;
+}
+
+div.imageblock div.content { padding-left: 0; }
+span.image img { border-style: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; }
+a.image:visited { color: white; }
+
+dl {
+ margin-top: 0.8em;
+ margin-bottom: 0.8em;
+}
+dt {
+ margin-top: 0.5em;
+ margin-bottom: 0;
+ font-style: normal;
+ color: navy;
+}
+dd > *:first-child {
+ margin-top: 0.1em;
+}
+
+ul, ol {
+ list-style-position: outside;
+}
+ol.arabic {
+ list-style-type: decimal;
+}
+ol.loweralpha {
+ list-style-type: lower-alpha;
+}
+ol.upperalpha {
+ list-style-type: upper-alpha;
+}
+ol.lowerroman {
+ list-style-type: lower-roman;
+}
+ol.upperroman {
+ list-style-type: upper-roman;
+}
+
+div.compact ul, div.compact ol,
+div.compact p, div.compact p,
+div.compact div, div.compact div {
+ margin-top: 0.1em;
+ margin-bottom: 0.1em;
+}
+
+tfoot {
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+td > div.verse {
+ white-space: pre;
+}
+
+div.hdlist {
+ margin-top: 0.8em;
+ margin-bottom: 0.8em;
+}
+div.hdlist tr {
+ padding-bottom: 15px;
+}
+dt.hdlist1.strong, td.hdlist1.strong {
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+td.hdlist1 {
+ vertical-align: top;
+ font-style: normal;
+ padding-right: 0.8em;
+ color: navy;
+}
+td.hdlist2 {
+ vertical-align: top;
+}
+div.hdlist.compact tr {
+ margin: 0;
+ padding-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.comment {
+ background: yellow;
+}
+
+.footnote, .footnoteref {
+ font-size: 0.8em;
+}
+
+span.footnote, span.footnoteref {
+ vertical-align: super;
+}
+
+#footnotes {
+ margin: 20px 0 20px 0;
+ padding: 7px 0 0 0;
+}
+
+#footnotes div.footnote {
+ margin: 0 0 5px 0;
+}
+
+#footnotes hr {
+ border: none;
+ border-top: 1px solid silver;
+ height: 1px;
+ text-align: left;
+ margin-left: 0;
+ width: 20%;
+ min-width: 100px;
+}
+
+div.colist td {
+ padding-right: 0.5em;
+ padding-bottom: 0.3em;
+ vertical-align: top;
+}
+div.colist td img {
+ margin-top: 0.3em;
+}
+
+@media print {
+ #footer-badges { display: none; }
+}
+
+#toc {
+ margin-bottom: 2.5em;
+}
+
+#toctitle {
+ color: #527bbd;
+ font-size: 1.1em;
+ font-weight: bold;
+ margin-top: 1.0em;
+ margin-bottom: 0.1em;
+}
+
+div.toclevel0, div.toclevel1, div.toclevel2, div.toclevel3, div.toclevel4 {
+ margin-top: 0;
+ margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+div.toclevel2 {
+ margin-left: 2em;
+ font-size: 0.9em;
+}
+div.toclevel3 {
+ margin-left: 4em;
+ font-size: 0.9em;
+}
+div.toclevel4 {
+ margin-left: 6em;
+ font-size: 0.9em;
+}
+
+span.aqua { color: aqua; }
+span.black { color: black; }
+span.blue { color: blue; }
+span.fuchsia { color: fuchsia; }
+span.gray { color: gray; }
+span.green { color: green; }
+span.lime { color: lime; }
+span.maroon { color: maroon; }
+span.navy { color: navy; }
+span.olive { color: olive; }
+span.purple { color: purple; }
+span.red { color: red; }
+span.silver { color: silver; }
+span.teal { color: teal; }
+span.white { color: white; }
+span.yellow { color: yellow; }
+
+span.aqua-background { background: aqua; }
+span.black-background { background: black; }
+span.blue-background { background: blue; }
+span.fuchsia-background { background: fuchsia; }
+span.gray-background { background: gray; }
+span.green-background { background: green; }
+span.lime-background { background: lime; }
+span.maroon-background { background: maroon; }
+span.navy-background { background: navy; }
+span.olive-background { background: olive; }
+span.purple-background { background: purple; }
+span.red-background { background: red; }
+span.silver-background { background: silver; }
+span.teal-background { background: teal; }
+span.white-background { background: white; }
+span.yellow-background { background: yellow; }
+
+span.big { font-size: 2em; }
+span.small { font-size: 0.6em; }
+
+span.underline { text-decoration: underline; }
+span.overline { text-decoration: overline; }
+span.line-through { text-decoration: line-through; }
+
+div.unbreakable { page-break-inside: avoid; }
+
+
+/*
+ * xhtml11 specific
+ *
+ * */
+
+div.tableblock {
+ margin-top: 1.0em;
+ margin-bottom: 1.5em;
+}
+div.tableblock > table {
+ border: 3px solid #527bbd;
+}
+thead, p.table.header {
+ font-weight: bold;
+ color: #527bbd;
+}
+p.table {
+ margin-top: 0;
+}
+/* Because the table frame attribute is overridden by CSS in most browsers. */
+div.tableblock > table[frame="void"] {
+ border-style: none;
+}
+div.tableblock > table[frame="hsides"] {
+ border-left-style: none;
+ border-right-style: none;
+}
+div.tableblock > table[frame="vsides"] {
+ border-top-style: none;
+ border-bottom-style: none;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * html5 specific
+ *
+ * */
+
+table.tableblock {
+ margin-top: 1.0em;
+ margin-bottom: 1.5em;
+}
+thead, p.tableblock.header {
+ font-weight: bold;
+ color: #527bbd;
+}
+p.tableblock {
+ margin-top: 0;
+}
+table.tableblock {
+ border-width: 3px;
+ border-spacing: 0px;
+ border-style: solid;
+ border-color: #527bbd;
+ border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+th.tableblock, td.tableblock {
+ border-width: 1px;
+ padding: 4px;
+ border-style: solid;
+ border-color: #527bbd;
+}
+
+table.tableblock.frame-topbot {
+ border-left-style: hidden;
+ border-right-style: hidden;
+}
+table.tableblock.frame-sides {
+ border-top-style: hidden;
+ border-bottom-style: hidden;
+}
+table.tableblock.frame-none {
+ border-style: hidden;
+}
+
+th.tableblock.halign-left, td.tableblock.halign-left {
+ text-align: left;
+}
+th.tableblock.halign-center, td.tableblock.halign-center {
+ text-align: center;
+}
+th.tableblock.halign-right, td.tableblock.halign-right {
+ text-align: right;
+}
+
+th.tableblock.valign-top, td.tableblock.valign-top {
+ vertical-align: top;
+}
+th.tableblock.valign-middle, td.tableblock.valign-middle {
+ vertical-align: middle;
+}
+th.tableblock.valign-bottom, td.tableblock.valign-bottom {
+ vertical-align: bottom;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * manpage specific
+ *
+ * */
+
+body.manpage h1 {
+ padding-top: 0.5em;
+ padding-bottom: 0.5em;
+ border-top: 2px solid silver;
+ border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
+}
+body.manpage h2 {
+ border-style: none;
+}
+body.manpage div.sectionbody {
+ margin-left: 3em;
+}
+
+@media print {
+ body.manpage div#toc { display: none; }
+}
+
+
+</style>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+/*<![CDATA[*/
+var asciidoc = { // Namespace.
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Table Of Contents generator
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+/* Author: Mihai Bazon, September 2002
+ * http://students.infoiasi.ro/~mishoo
+ *
+ * Table Of Content generator
+ * Version: 0.4
+ *
+ * Feel free to use this script under the terms of the GNU General Public
+ * License, as long as you do not remove or alter this notice.
+ */
+
+ /* modified by Troy D. Hanson, September 2006. License: GPL */
+ /* modified by Stuart Rackham, 2006, 2009. License: GPL */
+
+// toclevels = 1..4.
+toc: function (toclevels) {
+
+ function getText(el) {
+ var text = "";
+ for (var i = el.firstChild; i != null; i = i.nextSibling) {
+ if (i.nodeType == 3 /* Node.TEXT_NODE */) // IE doesn't speak constants.
+ text += i.data;
+ else if (i.firstChild != null)
+ text += getText(i);
+ }
+ return text;
+ }
+
+ function TocEntry(el, text, toclevel) {
+ this.element = el;
+ this.text = text;
+ this.toclevel = toclevel;
+ }
+
+ function tocEntries(el, toclevels) {
+ var result = new Array;
+ var re = new RegExp('[hH]([1-'+(toclevels+1)+'])');
+ // Function that scans the DOM tree for header elements (the DOM2
+ // nodeIterator API would be a better technique but not supported by all
+ // browsers).
+ var iterate = function (el) {
+ for (var i = el.firstChild; i != null; i = i.nextSibling) {
+ if (i.nodeType == 1 /* Node.ELEMENT_NODE */) {
+ var mo = re.exec(i.tagName);
+ if (mo && (i.getAttribute("class") || i.getAttribute("className")) != "float") {
+ result[result.length] = new TocEntry(i, getText(i), mo[1]-1);
+ }
+ iterate(i);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ iterate(el);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ var toc = document.getElementById("toc");
+ if (!toc) {
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // Delete existing TOC entries in case we're reloading the TOC.
+ var tocEntriesToRemove = [];
+ var i;
+ for (i = 0; i < toc.childNodes.length; i++) {
+ var entry = toc.childNodes[i];
+ if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div'
+ && entry.getAttribute("class")
+ && entry.getAttribute("class").match(/^toclevel/))
+ tocEntriesToRemove.push(entry);
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < tocEntriesToRemove.length; i++) {
+ toc.removeChild(tocEntriesToRemove[i]);
+ }
+
+ // Rebuild TOC entries.
+ var entries = tocEntries(document.getElementById("content"), toclevels);
+ for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; ++i) {
+ var entry = entries[i];
+ if (entry.element.id == "")
+ entry.element.id = "_toc_" + i;
+ var a = document.createElement("a");
+ a.href = "#" + entry.element.id;
+ a.appendChild(document.createTextNode(entry.text));
+ var div = document.createElement("div");
+ div.appendChild(a);
+ div.className = "toclevel" + entry.toclevel;
+ toc.appendChild(div);
+ }
+ if (entries.length == 0)
+ toc.parentNode.removeChild(toc);
+},
+
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Footnotes generator
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+/* Based on footnote generation code from:
+ * http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html
+ */
+
+footnotes: function () {
+ // Delete existing footnote entries in case we're reloading the footnodes.
+ var i;
+ var noteholder = document.getElementById("footnotes");
+ if (!noteholder) {
+ return;
+ }
+ var entriesToRemove = [];
+ for (i = 0; i < noteholder.childNodes.length; i++) {
+ var entry = noteholder.childNodes[i];
+ if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div' && entry.getAttribute("class") == "footnote")
+ entriesToRemove.push(entry);
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < entriesToRemove.length; i++) {
+ noteholder.removeChild(entriesToRemove[i]);
+ }
+
+ // Rebuild footnote entries.
+ var cont = document.getElementById("content");
+ var spans = cont.getElementsByTagName("span");
+ var refs = {};
+ var n = 0;
+ for (i=0; i<spans.length; i++) {
+ if (spans[i].className == "footnote") {
+ n++;
+ var note = spans[i].getAttribute("data-note");
+ if (!note) {
+ // Use [\s\S] in place of . so multi-line matches work.
+ // Because JavaScript has no s (dotall) regex flag.
+ note = spans[i].innerHTML.match(/\s*\[([\s\S]*)]\s*/)[1];
+ spans[i].innerHTML =
+ "[<a id='_footnoteref_" + n + "' href='#_footnote_" + n +
+ "' title='View footnote' class='footnote'>" + n + "</a>]";
+ spans[i].setAttribute("data-note", note);
+ }
+ noteholder.innerHTML +=
+ "<div class='footnote' id='_footnote_" + n + "'>" +
+ "<a href='#_footnoteref_" + n + "' title='Return to text'>" +
+ n + "</a>. " + note + "</div>";
+ var id =spans[i].getAttribute("id");
+ if (id != null) refs["#"+id] = n;
+ }
+ }
+ if (n == 0)
+ noteholder.parentNode.removeChild(noteholder);
+ else {
+ // Process footnoterefs.
+ for (i=0; i<spans.length; i++) {
+ if (spans[i].className == "footnoteref") {
+ var href = spans[i].getElementsByTagName("a")[0].getAttribute("href");
+ href = href.match(/#.*/)[0]; // Because IE return full URL.
+ n = refs[href];
+ spans[i].innerHTML =
+ "[<a href='#_footnote_" + n +
+ "' title='View footnote' class='footnote'>" + n + "</a>]";
+ }
+ }
+ }
+},
+
+install: function(toclevels) {
+ var timerId;
+
+ function reinstall() {
+ asciidoc.footnotes();
+ if (toclevels) {
+ asciidoc.toc(toclevels);
+ }
+ }
+
+ function reinstallAndRemoveTimer() {
+ clearInterval(timerId);
+ reinstall();
+ }
+
+ timerId = setInterval(reinstall, 500);
+ if (document.addEventListener)
+ document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", reinstallAndRemoveTimer, false);
+ else
+ window.onload = reinstallAndRemoveTimer;
+}
+
+}
+asciidoc.install();
+/*]]>*/
+</script>
+</head>
+<body class="manpage">
+<div id="header">
+<h1>
+git-subtree(1) Manual Page
+</h1>
+<h2>NAME</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<p>git-subtree -
+ Merge subtrees together and split repository into subtrees
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id="content">
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="verseblock">
+<pre class="content"><em>git subtree</em> [&lt;options&gt;] -P &lt;prefix&gt; [-S[&lt;keyid&gt;]] add &lt;local-commit&gt;
+<em>git subtree</em> [&lt;options&gt;] -P &lt;prefix&gt; [-S[&lt;keyid&gt;]] add &lt;repository&gt; &lt;remote-ref&gt;
+<em>git subtree</em> [&lt;options&gt;] -P &lt;prefix&gt; [-S[&lt;keyid&gt;]] merge &lt;local-commit&gt; [&lt;repository&gt;]
+<em>git subtree</em> [&lt;options&gt;] -P &lt;prefix&gt; [-S[&lt;keyid&gt;]] split [&lt;local-commit&gt;]</pre>
+<div class="attribution">
+</div></div>
+<div class="verseblock">
+<pre class="content"><em>git subtree</em> [&lt;options&gt;] -P &lt;prefix&gt; [-S[&lt;keyid&gt;]] pull &lt;repository&gt; &lt;remote-ref&gt;
+<em>git subtree</em> [&lt;options&gt;] -P &lt;prefix&gt; [-S[&lt;keyid&gt;]] push &lt;repository&gt; &lt;refspec&gt;</pre>
+<div class="attribution">
+</div></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Subtrees allow subprojects to be included within a subdirectory
+of the main project, optionally including the subproject&#8217;s
+entire history.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>For example, you could include the source code for a library
+as a subdirectory of your application.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Subtrees are not to be confused with submodules, which are meant for
+the same task. Unlike submodules, subtrees do not need any special
+constructions (like <em>.gitmodules</em> files or gitlinks) be present in
+your repository, and do not force end-users of your
+repository to do anything special or to understand how subtrees
+work. A subtree is just a subdirectory that can be
+committed to, branched, and merged along with your project in
+any way you want.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>They are also not to be confused with using the subtree merge
+strategy. The main difference is that, besides merging
+the other project as a subdirectory, you can also extract the
+entire history of a subdirectory from your project and make it
+into a standalone project. Unlike the subtree merge strategy
+you can alternate back and forth between these
+two operations. If the standalone library gets updated, you can
+automatically merge the changes into your project; if you
+update the library inside your project, you can "split" the
+changes back out again and merge them back into the library
+project.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>For example, if a library you made for one application ends up being
+useful elsewhere, you can extract its entire history and publish
+that as its own git repository, without accidentally
+intermingling the history of your application project.</p></div>
+<div class="admonitionblock">
+<table><tr>
+<td class="icon">
+<div class="title">Tip</div>
+</td>
+<td class="content">In order to keep your commit messages clean, we recommend that
+people split their commits between the subtrees and the main
+project as much as possible. That is, if you make a change that
+affects both the library and the main application, commit it in
+two pieces. That way, when you split the library commits out
+later, their descriptions will still make sense. But if this
+isn&#8217;t important to you, it&#8217;s not <strong>necessary</strong>. <em>git subtree</em> will
+simply leave out the non-library-related parts of the commit
+when it splits it out into the subproject later.</td>
+</tr></table>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_commands">COMMANDS</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="dlist"><dl>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+add &lt;local-commit&gt;
+</dt>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+add &lt;repository&gt; &lt;remote-ref&gt;
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Create the &lt;prefix&gt; subtree by importing its contents
+ from the given &lt;local-commit&gt; or &lt;repository&gt; and &lt;remote-ref&gt;.
+ A new commit is created automatically, joining the imported
+ project&#8217;s history with your own. With <em>--squash</em>, import
+ only a single commit from the subproject, rather than its
+ entire history.
+</p>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+merge &lt;local-commit&gt; [&lt;repository&gt;]
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Merge recent changes up to &lt;local-commit&gt; into the &lt;prefix&gt;
+ subtree. As with normal <em>git merge</em>, this doesn&#8217;t
+ remove your own local changes; it just merges those
+ changes into the latest &lt;local-commit&gt;. With <em>--squash</em>,
+ create only one commit that contains all the changes,
+ rather than merging in the entire history.
+</p>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>If you use <em>--squash</em>, the merge direction doesn&#8217;t always have to be
+forward; you can use this command to go back in time from v2.5 to v2.4,
+for example. If your merge introduces a conflict, you can resolve it in
+the usual ways.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>When using <em>--squash</em>, and the previous merge with <em>--squash</em> merged an
+annotated tag of the subtree repository, that tag needs to be available locally.
+If &lt;repository&gt; is given, a missing tag will automatically be fetched from that
+repository.</p></div>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+split [&lt;local-commit&gt;] [&lt;repository&gt;]
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Extract a new, synthetic project history from the
+ history of the &lt;prefix&gt; subtree of &lt;local-commit&gt;, or of
+ HEAD if no &lt;local-commit&gt; is given. The new history
+ includes only the commits (including merges) that
+ affected &lt;prefix&gt;, and each of those commits now has the
+ contents of &lt;prefix&gt; at the root of the project instead
+ of in a subdirectory. Thus, the newly created history
+ is suitable for export as a separate git repository.
+</p>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>After splitting successfully, a single commit ID is printed to stdout.
+This corresponds to the HEAD of the newly created tree, which you can
+manipulate however you want.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Repeated splits of exactly the same history are guaranteed to be
+identical (i.e. to produce the same commit IDs) as long as the
+settings passed to <em>split</em> (such as <em>--annotate</em>) are the same.
+Because of this, if you add new commits and then re-split, the new
+commits will be attached as commits on top of the history you
+generated last time, so <em>git merge</em> and friends will work as expected.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>When a previous merge with <em>--squash</em> merged an annotated tag of the
+subtree repository, that tag needs to be available locally.
+If &lt;repository&gt; is given, a missing tag will automatically be fetched from that
+repository.</p></div>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+pull &lt;repository&gt; &lt;remote-ref&gt;
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Exactly like <em>merge</em>, but parallels <em>git pull</em> in that
+ it fetches the given ref from the specified remote
+ repository.
+</p>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+push &lt;repository&gt; [+][&lt;local-commit&gt;:]&lt;remote-ref&gt;
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Does a <em>split</em> using the &lt;prefix&gt; subtree of &lt;local-commit&gt;
+ and then does a <em>git push</em> to push the result to the
+ &lt;repository&gt; and &lt;remote-ref&gt;. This can be used to push your
+ subtree to different branches of the remote repository. Just
+ as with <em>split</em>, if no &lt;local-commit&gt; is given, then HEAD is
+ used. The optional leading <em>+</em> is ignored.
+</p>
+</dd>
+</dl></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_options_for_all_commands">OPTIONS FOR ALL COMMANDS</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="dlist"><dl>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+-q
+</dt>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--quiet
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Suppress unnecessary output messages on stderr.
+</p>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+-d
+</dt>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--debug
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Produce even more unnecessary output messages on stderr.
+</p>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+-P &lt;prefix&gt;
+</dt>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--prefix=&lt;prefix&gt;
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Specify the path in the repository to the subtree you
+ want to manipulate. This option is mandatory
+ for all commands.
+</p>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+-S[&lt;keyid&gt;]
+</dt>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--gpg-sign[=&lt;keyid&gt;]
+</dt>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--no-gpg-sign
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ GPG-sign commits. The <code>keyid</code> argument is optional and
+ defaults to the committer identity; <code>--no-gpg-sign</code> is useful to
+ countermand a <code>--gpg-sign</code> option given earlier on the command line.
+</p>
+</dd>
+</dl></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_options_for_em_add_em_and_em_merge_em_also_em_pull_em_em_split_rejoin_em_and_em_push_rejoin_em">OPTIONS FOR <em>add</em> AND <em>merge</em> (ALSO: <em>pull</em>, <em>split --rejoin</em>, AND <em>push --rejoin</em>)</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>These options for <em>add</em> and <em>merge</em> may also be given to <em>pull</em> (which
+wraps <em>merge</em>), <em>split --rejoin</em> (which wraps either <em>add</em> or <em>merge</em>
+as appropriate), and <em>push --rejoin</em> (which wraps <em>split --rejoin</em>).</p></div>
+<div class="dlist"><dl>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--squash
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Instead of merging the entire history from the subtree project, produce
+ only a single commit that contains all the differences you want to
+ merge, and then merge that new commit into your project.
+</p>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Using this option helps to reduce log clutter. People rarely want to see
+every change that happened between v1.0 and v1.1 of the library they&#8217;re
+using, since none of the interim versions were ever included in their
+application.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Using <em>--squash</em> also helps avoid problems when the same subproject is
+included multiple times in the same project, or is removed and then
+re-added. In such a case, it doesn&#8217;t make sense to combine the
+histories anyway, since it&#8217;s unclear which part of the history belongs
+to which subtree.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Furthermore, with <em>--squash</em>, you can switch back and forth between
+different versions of a subtree, rather than strictly forward. <em>git
+subtree merge --squash</em> always adjusts the subtree to match the exactly
+specified commit, even if getting to that commit would require undoing
+some changes that were added earlier.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Whether or not you use <em>--squash</em>, changes made in your local repository
+remain intact and can be later split and send upstream to the
+subproject.</p></div>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+-m &lt;message&gt;
+</dt>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--message=&lt;message&gt;
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Specify &lt;message&gt; as the commit message for the merge commit.
+</p>
+</dd>
+</dl></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_options_for_em_split_em_also_em_push_em">OPTIONS FOR <em>split</em> (ALSO: <em>push</em>)</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>These options for <em>split</em> may also be given to <em>push</em> (which wraps
+<em>split</em>).</p></div>
+<div class="dlist"><dl>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--annotate=&lt;annotation&gt;
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ When generating synthetic history, add &lt;annotation&gt; as a prefix to each
+ commit message. Since we&#8217;re creating new commits with the same commit
+ message, but possibly different content, from the original commits, this
+ can help to differentiate them and avoid confusion.
+</p>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Whenever you split, you need to use the same &lt;annotation&gt;, or else you
+don&#8217;t have a guarantee that the new re-created history will be identical
+to the old one. That will prevent merging from working correctly. git
+subtree tries to make it work anyway, particularly if you use <em>--rejoin</em>,
+but it may not always be effective.</p></div>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+-b &lt;branch&gt;
+</dt>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--branch=&lt;branch&gt;
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ After generating the synthetic history, create a new branch called
+ &lt;branch&gt; that contains the new history. This is suitable for immediate
+ pushing upstream. &lt;branch&gt; must not already exist.
+</p>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--ignore-joins
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ If you use <em>--rejoin</em>, git subtree attempts to optimize its history
+ reconstruction to generate only the new commits since the last
+ <em>--rejoin</em>. <em>--ignore-joins</em> disables this behavior, forcing it to
+ regenerate the entire history. In a large project, this can take a long
+ time.
+</p>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--onto=&lt;onto&gt;
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ If your subtree was originally imported using something other than git
+ subtree, its history may not match what git subtree is expecting. In
+ that case, you can specify the commit ID &lt;onto&gt; that corresponds to the
+ first revision of the subproject&#8217;s history that was imported into your
+ project, and git subtree will attempt to build its history from there.
+</p>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>If you used <em>git subtree add</em>, you should never need this option.</p></div>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+--rejoin
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ After splitting, merge the newly created synthetic history back into
+ your main project. That way, future splits can search only the part of
+ history that has been added since the most recent <em>--rejoin</em>.
+</p>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>If your split commits end up merged into the upstream subproject, and
+then you want to get the latest upstream version, this will allow git&#8217;s
+merge algorithm to more intelligently avoid conflicts (since it knows
+these synthetic commits are already part of the upstream repository).</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Unfortunately, using this option results in <em>git log</em> showing an extra
+copy of every new commit that was created (the original, and the
+synthetic one).</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>If you do all your merges with <em>--squash</em>, make sure you also use
+<em>--squash</em> when you <em>split --rejoin</em>.</p></div>
+</dd>
+</dl></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_example_1_em_add_em_command">EXAMPLE 1. <em>add</em> command</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Let&#8217;s assume that you have a local repository that you would like
+to add an external vendor library to. In this case we will add the
+git-subtree repository as a subdirectory of your already existing
+git-extensions repository in ~/git-extensions/:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ git subtree add --prefix=git-subtree --squash \
+ git://github.com/apenwarr/git-subtree.git master</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p><em>master</em> needs to be a valid remote ref and can be a different branch
+name</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>You can omit the <em>--squash</em> flag, but doing so will increase the number
+of commits that are included in your local repository.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>We now have a ~/git-extensions/git-subtree directory containing code
+from the master branch of git://github.com/apenwarr/git-subtree.git
+in our git-extensions repository.</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_example_2_extract_a_subtree_using_em_commit_em_em_merge_em_and_em_pull_em">EXAMPLE 2. Extract a subtree using <em>commit</em>, <em>merge</em> and <em>pull</em></h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Let&#8217;s use the repository for the git source code as an example.
+First, get your own copy of the git.git repository:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git test-git
+$ cd test-git</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>gitweb (commit 1130ef3) was merged into git as of commit
+0a8f4f0, after which it was no longer maintained separately.
+But imagine it had been maintained separately, and we wanted to
+extract git&#8217;s changes to gitweb since that time, to share with
+the upstream. You could do this:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ git subtree split --prefix=gitweb --annotate='(split) ' \
+ 0a8f4f0^.. --onto=1130ef3 --rejoin \
+ --branch gitweb-latest
+$ gitk gitweb-latest
+$ git push git@github.com:whatever/gitweb.git gitweb-latest:master</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>(We use <em>0a8f4f0^..</em> because that means "all the changes from
+0a8f4f0 to the current version, including 0a8f4f0 itself.")</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>If gitweb had originally been merged using <em>git subtree add</em> (or
+a previous split had already been done with <em>--rejoin</em> specified)
+then you can do all your splits without having to remember any
+weird commit IDs:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ git subtree split --prefix=gitweb --annotate='(split) ' --rejoin \
+ --branch gitweb-latest2</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>And you can merge changes back in from the upstream project just
+as easily:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ git subtree pull --prefix=gitweb \
+ git@github.com:whatever/gitweb.git master</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Or, using <em>--squash</em>, you can actually rewind to an earlier
+version of gitweb:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ git subtree merge --prefix=gitweb --squash gitweb-latest~10</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Then make some changes:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ date &gt;gitweb/myfile
+$ git add gitweb/myfile
+$ git commit -m 'created myfile'</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>And fast forward again:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ git subtree merge --prefix=gitweb --squash gitweb-latest</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>And notice that your change is still intact:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ ls -l gitweb/myfile</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>And you can split it out and look at your changes versus
+the standard gitweb:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>git log gitweb-latest..$(git subtree split --prefix=gitweb)</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_example_3_extract_a_subtree_using_a_branch">EXAMPLE 3. Extract a subtree using a branch</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Suppose you have a source directory with many files and
+subdirectories, and you want to extract the lib directory to its own
+git project. Here&#8217;s a short way to do it:</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>First, make the new repository wherever you want:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ &lt;go to the new location&gt;
+$ git init --bare</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Back in your original directory:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ git subtree split --prefix=lib --annotate="(split)" -b split</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Then push the new branch onto the new empty repository:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><code>$ git push &lt;new-repo&gt; split:master</code></pre>
+</div></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_author">AUTHOR</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Written by Avery Pennarun &lt;<a href="mailto:apenwarr@gmail.com">apenwarr@gmail.com</a>&gt;</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
+<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer-text">
+Last updated
+ 2026-06-29 12:32:26 EDT
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>