diff --git a/examples/interrupt_hardware/interrupt_hardware.ino b/examples/interrupt_hardware/interrupt_hardware.ino
index 6c0705a..d360da6 100644
--- a/examples/interrupt_hardware/interrupt_hardware.ino
+++ b/examples/interrupt_hardware/interrupt_hardware.ino
@@ -5,51 +5,63 @@
  */
 
 /*
+ * M5IOE1 硬件中断示例
  * M5IOE1 Hardware Interrupt Example
  *
+ * 本示例演示如何使用 M5IOE1 库的硬件中断模式
  * This example demonstrates how to use the M5IOE1 library in HARDWARE
  * interrupt mode with a physical INT pin connected to GPIO1 of the host MCU.
  *
+ * 硬件连接
  * Hardware Connections:
- * - M5IOE1 SDA -> GPIO 38 (default, configurable)
- * - M5IOE1 SCL -> GPIO 39 (default, configurable)
- * - M5IOE1 INT -> GPIO 1 (host MCU interrupt pin)
- * - IO1 (M5IOE1) -> Button or switch (connect to GND for active LOW)
+ * - M5IOE1 SDA -> GPIO 38 (默认，可配置) (default, configurable)
+ * - M5IOE1 SCL -> GPIO 39 (默认，可配置) (default, configurable)
+ * - M5IOE1 INT -> GPIO 1 (主机 MCU 中断引脚) (host MCU interrupt pin)
+ * - IO1 (M5IOE1) -> 按钮或开关 (连接到 GND 为低电平有效) (Button or switch, connect to GND for active LOW)
  *
+ * 演示功能
  * Features demonstrated:
- * - Initializing M5IOE1 with hardware interrupt pin (INT_PIN)
- * - Using HARDWARE interrupt mode for instant response
- * - Attaching multiple interrupt callbacks to different pins
- * - Using attachInterruptArg() for callback with custom data
- * - Interrupt enable/disable control
- * - Reading interrupt status registers
+ * - 使用硬件中断引脚初始化 M5IOE1 (INT_PIN) (Initializing M5IOE1 with hardware interrupt pin)
+ * - 使用硬件中断模式实现即时响应 (Using HARDWARE interrupt mode for instant response)
+ * - 为不同引脚附加多个中断回调 (Attaching multiple interrupt callbacks to different pins)
+ * - 使用 attachInterruptArg() 进行带自定义数据的回调 (Using attachInterruptArg() for callback with custom data)
+ * - 中断启用/禁用控制 (Interrupt enable/disable control)
+ * - 读取中断状态寄存器 (Reading interrupt status registers)
  */
 
 #include <M5IOE1.h>
 
+// M5IOE1 设备实例
 // M5IOE1 device instance
 M5IOE1 ioe1;
 
+// I2C 配置
 // I2C configuration
 #define I2C_SDA_PIN 38
 #define I2C_SCL_PIN 39
 #define I2C_FREQ 400000
 
+// 主机 MCU 上的物理中断引脚 (默认为 GPIO1)
 // Physical interrupt pin on host MCU (GPIO1 as default)
+// 将此引脚连接到 M5IOE1 的 INT 引脚
 // Connect this pin to M5IOE1's INT pin
 #define INT_PIN 1
 
+// M5IOE1 I2C 地址 (默认 0x6F)
 // M5IOE1 I2C address (default 0x6F)
 #define I2C_ADDR M5IOE1_DEFAULT_ADDR
 
+// M5IOE1 GPIO 引脚定义
 // Pin definitions for M5IOE1 GPIOs
-#define IOE1_PIN_1 M5IOE1_PIN_1  // IO1 on M5IOE1 (pin index 0)
-#define IOE1_PIN_2 M5IOE1_PIN_2  // IO2 on M5IOE1 (pin index 1)
+#define IOE1_PIN_1 M5IOE1_PIN_1  // M5IOE1 上的 IO1 (引脚索引 0) (IO1 on M5IOE1, pin index 0)
+#define IOE1_PIN_2 M5IOE1_PIN_2  // M5IOE1 上的 IO2 (引脚索引 1) (IO2 on M5IOE1, pin index 1)
 
+// 中断事件计数器
 // Counter for interrupt events
 volatile int pin1Counter = 0;
 volatile int pin2Counter = 0;
 
+// 用于带参数回调的自定义数据结构
 // Custom data structure for callback with argument
 struct ButtonData {
     const char* name;
@@ -60,17 +72,21 @@ struct ButtonData {
 ButtonData button1Data = {"Button 1", &pin1Counter, IOE1_PIN_1};
 ButtonData button2Data = {"Button 2", &pin2Counter, IOE1_PIN_2};
 
+// 引脚 1 的简单回调 (无参数)
 // Simple callback for pin 1 (without argument)
 void IRAM_ATTR pin1Callback() {
     pin1Counter++;
 }
 
+// 引脚 2 的带自定义数据参数的回调
 // Callback with custom data argument for pin 2
 void IRAM_ATTR pin2CallbackWithArg(void* arg) {
     ButtonData* data = static_cast<ButtonData*>(arg);
     if (data) {
         (*(data->counter))++;
+        // 注意：避免在 ISR 上下文中使用 Serial 打印
         // Note: Avoid Serial prints in ISR context
+        // 这仅用于演示 - 在实际应用中，使用标志并在 loop 中处理
         // This is just demonstration - in real apps, use flags and handle in loop
     }
 }
@@ -83,10 +99,13 @@ void setup() {
     Serial.println("M5IOE1 Hardware Interrupt Example");
     Serial.println("========================================\n");
 
+    // 设置日志级别为 INFO
     // Set log level to INFO
     M5IOE1::setLogLevel(M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
 
+    // 使用硬件中断引脚初始化 M5IOE1
     // Initialize M5IOE1 with hardware interrupt pin
+    // 当提供 intPin 时，硬件中断是默认且最高效的模式
     // When intPin is provided, HARDWARE mode is the default and most efficient
     Serial.println("Initializing M5IOE1 in HARDWARE interrupt mode...");
     Serial.println("  I2C: SDA=" + String(I2C_SDA_PIN) + ", SCL=" + String(I2C_SCL_PIN));
@@ -105,6 +124,7 @@ void setup() {
 
     Serial.println("M5IOE1 initialized successfully!\n");
 
+    // 读取并显示设备信息
     // Read and display device information
     uint16_t uid;
     uint8_t version;
@@ -124,17 +144,20 @@ void setup() {
 
     Serial.println();
 
+    // 将 IO1 和 IO2 配置为带上拉电阻的输入
     // Configure IO1 and IO2 as inputs with pull-up
     Serial.println("Configuring IO1 and IO2 as inputs with internal pull-up...");
     ioe1.pinMode(IOE1_PIN_1, INPUT_PULLUP);
     ioe1.pinMode(IOE1_PIN_2, INPUT_PULLUP);
     Serial.println("Pins configured successfully!\n");
 
+    // 为引脚 1 附加下降沿触发的中断 (简单回调)
     // Attach interrupt to pin 1 with FALLING edge trigger (simple callback)
     Serial.println("Attaching FALLING edge interrupt to IO1...");
     ioe1.attachInterrupt(IOE1_PIN_1, pin1Callback, FALLING);
     Serial.println("IO1 interrupt attached (simple callback)!\n");
 
+    // 为引脚 2 附加上升沿触发的中断 (带参数的回调)
     // Attach interrupt to pin 2 with RISING edge trigger (callback with argument)
     Serial.println("Attaching RISING edge interrupt to IO2...");
     ioe1.attachInterruptArg(IOE1_PIN_2, pin2CallbackWithArg, &button2Data, RISING);
@@ -157,24 +180,29 @@ void setup() {
 }
 
 void loop() {
+    // 存储当前计数器值以检测变化
     // Store current counter values to detect changes
     static int lastPin1Counter = 0;
     static int lastPin2Counter = 0;
 
+    // 检查引脚 1 中断计数器是否发生变化
     // Check if pin 1 interrupt counter changed
     if (pin1Counter != lastPin1Counter) {
         Serial.println(">>> IO1 INTERRUPT TRIGGERED! <<<");
         Serial.println("    Count: " + String(pin1Counter));
         Serial.println("    Edge: FALLING");
 
+        // 读取 IO1 的当前状态
         // Read current state of IO1
         int pinState = ioe1.digitalRead(IOE1_PIN_1);
         Serial.println("    IO1 state: " + String(pinState == LOW ? "LOW" : "HIGH"));
 
+        // 读取并显示中断状态寄存器
         // Read and display interrupt status register
         uint16_t status = ioe1.getInterruptStatus();
         Serial.println("    INT status: 0b" + String(status, BIN));
 
+        // 清除此引脚的中断
         // Clear the interrupt for this pin
         ioe1.clearInterrupt(IOE1_PIN_1);
         Serial.println("    Interrupt cleared\n");
@@ -182,6 +210,7 @@ void loop() {
         lastPin1Counter = pin1Counter;
     }
 
+    // 检查引脚 2 中断计数器是否发生变化
     // Check if pin 2 interrupt counter changed
     if (pin2Counter != lastPin2Counter) {
         Serial.println(">>> IO2 INTERRUPT TRIGGERED! <<<");
@@ -189,14 +218,17 @@ void loop() {
         Serial.println("    Edge: RISING");
         Serial.println("    Callback: with argument (ButtonData)");
 
+        // 读取 IO2 的当前状态
         // Read current state of IO2
         int pinState = ioe1.digitalRead(IOE1_PIN_2);
         Serial.println("    IO2 state: " + String(pinState == HIGH ? "HIGH" : "LOW"));
 
+        // 读取并显示中断状态寄存器
         // Read and display interrupt status register
         uint16_t status = ioe1.getInterruptStatus();
         Serial.println("    INT status: 0b" + String(status, BIN));
 
+        // 清除此引脚的中断
         // Clear the interrupt for this pin
         ioe1.clearInterrupt(IOE1_PIN_2);
         Serial.println("    Interrupt cleared\n");
@@ -204,18 +236,23 @@ void loop() {
         lastPin2Counter = pin2Counter;
     }
 
+    // 处理串口命令
     // Handle serial commands
     if (Serial.available() > 0) {
         char cmd = Serial.read();
 
         switch (cmd) {
             case 'e':
+                // 启用 IO1 上的中断
+                // Enable interrupts on IO1
                 Serial.println("Enabling interrupts on IO1...");
                 ioe1.enableInterrupt(IOE1_PIN_1);
                 Serial.println("IO1 interrupts enabled\n");
                 break;
 
             case 'd':
+                // 禁用 IO1 上的中断
+                // Disable interrupts on IO1
                 Serial.println("Disabling interrupts on IO1...");
                 ioe1.disableInterrupt(IOE1_PIN_1);
                 Serial.println("IO1 interrupts disabled\n");
@@ -223,6 +260,8 @@ void loop() {
 
             case 's':
                 {
+                    // 显示中断状态
+                    // Show interrupt status
                     uint16_t status = ioe1.getInterruptStatus();
                     Serial.println("Interrupt Status:");
                     Serial.println("  Register: 0b" + String(status, BIN));
@@ -234,6 +273,8 @@ void loop() {
                 break;
 
             case 'c':
+                // 清除所有中断标志
+                // Clear all interrupt flags
                 Serial.println("Clearing all interrupt flags...");
                 for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 14; i++) {
                     ioe1.clearInterrupt(i);
@@ -243,6 +284,7 @@ void loop() {
 
             case '\n':
             case '\r':
+                // 忽略换行符
                 // Ignore newlines
                 break;
 
@@ -253,5 +295,5 @@ void loop() {
         }
     }
 
-    delay(10);  // Small delay
+    delay(10);  // 小延迟 / Small delay
 }
diff --git a/examples/interrupt_polling/interrupt_polling.ino b/examples/interrupt_polling/interrupt_polling.ino
index 0feecaf..7358bb9 100644
--- a/examples/interrupt_polling/interrupt_polling.ino
+++ b/examples/interrupt_polling/interrupt_polling.ino
@@ -5,44 +5,54 @@
  */
 
 /*
+ * M5IOE1 轮询中断示例
  * M5IOE1 Interrupt Polling Example
  *
+ * 本示例演示如何在没有物理中断引脚的情况下，以轮询模式使用 M5IOE1 库
  * This example demonstrates how to use the M5IOE1 library in POLLING mode
  * without a physical interrupt pin. The library periodically polls the
  * interrupt status registers to detect GPIO changes.
  *
+ * 硬件连接
  * Hardware Connections:
- * - M5IOE1 SDA -> GPIO 38 (default, configurable)
- * - M5IOE1 SCL -> GPIO 39 (default, configurable)
- * - IO1 (M5IOE1) -> Button or switch (connect to GND for active LOW)
+ * - M5IOE1 SDA -> GPIO 38 (默认，可配置) (default, configurable)
+ * - M5IOE1 SCL -> GPIO 39 (默认，可配置) (default, configurable)
+ * - IO1 (M5IOE1) -> 按钮或开关 (连接到 GND 为低电平有效) (Button or switch, connect to GND for active LOW)
  *
+ * 演示功能
  * Features demonstrated:
- * - Initializing M5IOE1 in polling mode (no INT pin)
- * - Attaching interrupt callback to pin 1 (IO1) with FALLING edge trigger
- * - Reading device information (UID, version)
- * - Using attachInterrupt() callback for event handling
- * - Polling interval configuration
+ * - 以轮询模式初始化 M5IOE1 (无 INT 引脚) (Initializing M5IOE1 in polling mode, no INT pin)
+ * - 为引脚 1 (IO1) 附加下降沿触发的中断回调 (Attaching interrupt callback to pin 1 with FALLING edge)
+ * - 读取设备信息 (UID、版本) (Reading device information: UID, version)
+ * - 使用 attachInterrupt() 回调进行事件处理 (Using attachInterrupt() callback for event handling)
+ * - 轮询间隔配置 (Polling interval configuration)
  */
 
 #include <M5IOE1.h>
 
+// M5IOE1 设备实例
 // M5IOE1 device instance
 M5IOE1 ioe1;
 
+// I2C 配置
 // I2C configuration
 #define I2C_SDA_PIN 38
 #define I2C_SCL_PIN 39
 #define I2C_FREQ 400000
 
+// M5IOE1 I2C 地址 (默认 0x6F)
 // M5IOE1 I2C address (default 0x6F)
 #define I2C_ADDR M5IOE1_DEFAULT_ADDR
 
+// 引脚定义
 // Pin definitions
-#define IOE1_PIN_1 M5IOE1_PIN_1  // IO1 on M5IOE1 (pin index 0)
+#define IOE1_PIN_1 M5IOE1_PIN_1  // M5IOE1 上的 IO1 (引脚索引 0) (IO1 on M5IOE1, pin index 0)
 
+// 中断事件计数器
 // Counter for interrupt events
 volatile int interruptCounter = 0;
 
+// 引脚 1 下降沿中断的回调函数
 // Callback function for pin 1 falling edge interrupt
 void IRAM_ATTR pin1FallingCallback() {
     interruptCounter++;
@@ -56,10 +66,13 @@ void setup() {
     Serial.println("M5IOE1 Interrupt Polling Example");
     Serial.println("========================================\n");
 
+    // 设置日志级别为 INFO (默认)
     // Set log level to INFO (default)
     M5IOE1::setLogLevel(M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
 
+    // 以轮询模式初始化 M5IOE1 (无物理 INT 引脚)
     // Initialize M5IOE1 in POLLING mode (no physical INT pin)
+    // 当未提供 intPin (或设置为 -1) 时，仅支持轮询和禁用模式
     // When intPin is not provided (or set to -1), only POLLING and DISABLED modes are supported
     Serial.println("Initializing M5IOE1 in polling mode...");
 
@@ -74,6 +87,7 @@ void setup() {
 
     Serial.println("M5IOE1 initialized successfully!\n");
 
+    // 读取并显示设备信息
     // Read and display device information
     uint16_t uid;
     uint8_t version;
@@ -93,19 +107,24 @@ void setup() {
 
     Serial.println();
 
+    // 将 IO1 配置为带上拉电阻的输入
     // Configure IO1 as input with pull-up
     Serial.println("Configuring IO1 as input with internal pull-up...");
     ioe1.pinMode(IOE1_PIN_1, INPUT_PULLUP);
     Serial.println("IO1 configured successfully!\n");
 
+    // 为引脚 1 附加下降沿触发的中断
     // Attach interrupt to pin 1 with FALLING edge trigger
+    // 在轮询模式下，库会定期检查中断状态，并在 IO1 上检测到下降沿时调用此回调
     // In polling mode, the library will periodically check the interrupt status
     // and call this callback when a falling edge is detected on IO1
     Serial.println("Attaching interrupt callback to IO1 (FALLING edge)...");
     ioe1.attachInterrupt(IOE1_PIN_1, pin1FallingCallback, FALLING);
     Serial.println("Interrupt attached successfully!\n");
 
+    // 设置轮询间隔为 1 秒 (1000ms)
     // Set polling interval to 1 second (1000ms)
+    // 默认为 5000ms。更短的间隔 = 更快的响应，但 CPU 使用率更高。
     // Default is 5000ms. Shorter intervals = faster response but more CPU usage.
     Serial.println("Setting polling interval to 1.0 second...");
     if (ioe1.setPollingInterval(1.0f)) {
@@ -126,32 +145,40 @@ void setup() {
 }
 
 void loop() {
+    // 存储当前计数器值以检测变化
     // Store current counter value to detect changes
     static int lastCounter = 0;
 
+    // 检查中断计数器是否发生变化
     // Check if interrupt counter changed
     if (interruptCounter != lastCounter) {
         Serial.println(">>> INTERRUPT TRIGGERED! Count: " + String(interruptCounter) + " <<<");
         lastCounter = interruptCounter;
 
+        // 读取 IO1 的当前状态
         // Read current state of IO1
         int pinState = ioe1.digitalRead(IOE1_PIN_1);
         Serial.println("    IO1 state: " + String(pinState == LOW ? "LOW (pressed)" : "HIGH (released)"));
 
+        // 读取并显示中断状态寄存器
         // Read and display interrupt status register
         uint16_t status = ioe1.getInterruptStatus();
         Serial.println("    Interrupt status register: 0b" + String(status, BIN) + "\n");
 
+        // 清除此引脚的中断
         // Clear the interrupt for this pin
         ioe1.clearInterrupt(IOE1_PIN_1);
     }
 
+    // 可选：手动轮询检查 (库会在后台自动执行此操作)
     // Optional: Manual polling check (the library does this automatically in background)
+    // 这仅用于演示 - 库会自动处理轮询
     // This is just for demonstration - the library handles polling automatically
     static unsigned long lastStatusCheck = 0;
     if (millis() - lastStatusCheck > 5000) {
         lastStatusCheck = millis();
 
+        // 显示当前轮询模式信息
         // Display current polling mode info
         Serial.println("--- Status Update ---");
         Serial.println("    Total interrupts: " + String(interruptCounter));
@@ -159,5 +186,5 @@ void loop() {
         Serial.println("    Polling mode: ACTIVE (background task)\n");
     }
 
-    delay(100);  // Small delay to prevent excessive CPU usage
+    delay(100);  // 小延迟以防止过度的 CPU 使用 / Small delay to prevent excessive CPU usage
 }
diff --git a/src/M5IOE1.cpp b/src/M5IOE1.cpp
index 73eb065..c5dd223 100644
--- a/src/M5IOE1.cpp
+++ b/src/M5IOE1.cpp
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ static const char* TAG = "M5IOE1";
     #include <Arduino.h>
     #define M5IOE1_DELAY_MS(ms) delay(ms)
     
-    // Arduino 日志级别控制 / Arduino log level control
+    // Arduino 日志级别控制
+    // Arduino log level control
     static m5ioe1_log_level_t _m5ioe1_log_level = M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_INFO;
     
     #define M5IOE1_LOG_I(tag, fmt, ...) do { \
@@ -44,12 +45,14 @@ static const char* TAG = "M5IOE1";
     #define M5IOE1_LOG_W(tag, fmt, ...) ESP_LOGW(tag, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
     #define M5IOE1_LOG_E(tag, fmt, ...) ESP_LOGE(tag, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
     
-    // ESP-IDF 平台日志级别控制 / ESP-IDF platform log level control
+    // ESP-IDF 平台日志级别控制
+    // ESP-IDF platform log level control
     static m5ioe1_log_level_t _m5ioe1_current_log_level = M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_INFO;
 #endif
 
 // ============================
-// 全局日志级别控制 / Global Log Level Control
+// 全局日志级别控制
+// Global Log Level Control
 // ============================
 
 void M5IOE1::setLogLevel(m5ioe1_log_level_t level) {
@@ -58,7 +61,8 @@ void M5IOE1::setLogLevel(m5ioe1_log_level_t level) {
 #else
     _m5ioe1_current_log_level = level;
     
-    // 将 M5IOE1 日志级别映射到 ESP-IDF 日志级别 / Map M5IOE1 log level to ESP-IDF log level
+    // 将 M5IOE1 日志级别映射到 ESP-IDF 日志级别
+    // Map M5IOE1 log level to ESP-IDF log level
     esp_log_level_t esp_level;
     switch (level) {
         case M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_NONE:
@@ -101,7 +105,8 @@ void M5IOE1::enableDefaultInterruptLog(bool enable) {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 构造函数 / 析构函数 / Constructor / Destructor
+// 构造函数
+// 析构函数
 // ============================
 
 M5IOE1::M5IOE1() {
@@ -152,10 +157,12 @@ M5IOE1::~M5IOE1() {
 #else
     _cleanupInterrupt();
 
-    // 根据驱动类型进行清理 / Cleanup based on driver type
+    // 根据驱动类型进行清理
+    // Cleanup based on driver type
     switch (_i2cDriverType) {
         case M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_SELF_CREATED:
-            // 自创建：先删除设备，再删除总线 / Self-created: delete device first, then bus
+            // 自创建：先删除设备，再删除总线
+            // Self-created: delete device first, then bus
             if (_i2c_master_dev) {
                 i2c_master_bus_rm_device(_i2c_master_dev);
                 _i2c_master_dev = nullptr;
@@ -167,7 +174,8 @@ M5IOE1::~M5IOE1() {
             break;
 
         case M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_MASTER:
-            // 外部 i2c_master：总是删除我们创建的设备句柄，但不删除总线 / External i2c_master: always delete the device handle we created, but not the bus
+            // 外部 i2c_master：总是删除我们创建的设备句柄，但不删除总线
+            // External i2c_master: always delete the device handle we created, but not the bus
             if (_i2c_master_dev) {
                 i2c_master_bus_rm_device(_i2c_master_dev);
                 _i2c_master_dev = nullptr;
@@ -175,7 +183,8 @@ M5IOE1::~M5IOE1() {
             break;
 
         case M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_BUS:
-            // 外部 i2c_bus：总是删除我们创建的设备句柄，但不删除总线 / External i2c_bus: always delete the device handle we created, but not the bus
+            // 外部 i2c_bus：总是删除我们创建的设备句柄，但不删除总线
+            // External i2c_bus: always delete the device handle we created, but not the bus
             if (_i2c_device) {
                 i2c_bus_device_delete(&_i2c_device);
                 _i2c_device = nullptr;
@@ -189,7 +198,8 @@ M5IOE1::~M5IOE1() {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 初始化函数 / Initialization Functions
+// 初始化函数
+// Initialization Functions
 // ============================
 
 #ifdef ARDUINO
@@ -197,11 +207,12 @@ M5IOE1::~M5IOE1() {
 bool M5IOE1::begin(TwoWire *wire, uint8_t addr, uint8_t sda, uint8_t scl, uint32_t speed, m5ioe1_int_mode_t mode) {
     _wire = wire;
     _addr = addr;
-    _sda = sda;   // 保存 SDA 引脚用于 I2C 重新初始化 / Save SDA pin for I2C re-initialization
-    _scl = scl;   // 保存 SCL 引脚用于 I2C 重新初始化 / Save SCL pin for I2C re-initialization
+    _sda = sda;   // 保存 SDA 引脚用于 I2C 重新初始化
+    _scl = scl;   // 保存 SCL 引脚用于 I2C 重新初始化
     _intPin = -1;
 
-    // 验证 I2C 频率 - M5IOE1 仅支持 100KHz 或 400KHz / Validate I2C frequency - M5IOE1 only supports 100KHz or 400KHz
+    // 验证 I2C 频率 - M5IOE1 仅支持 100KHz 或 400KHz
+    // Validate I2C frequency - M5IOE1 only supports 100KHz or 400KHz
     if (!_isValidI2cFrequency(speed)) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_W(TAG, "Invalid I2C frequency: %lu Hz. M5IOE1 only supports 100KHz or 400KHz. Falling back to 100KHz.", speed);
         _requestedSpeed = M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K;
@@ -209,20 +220,24 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(TwoWire *wire, uint8_t addr, uint8_t sda, uint8_t scl, uint32
         _requestedSpeed = speed;
     }
 
-    // 始终以 100KHz 开始 - M5IOE1 在上电/复位后默认为 100KHz / Always start with 100KHz - M5IOE1 defaults to 100KHz after power-on/reset
+    // 始终以 100KHz 开始 - M5IOE1 在上电/复位后默认为 100KHz
+    // Always start with 100KHz - M5IOE1 defaults to 100KHz after power-on/reset
     M5IOE1_LOG_I(TAG, "Initializing M5IOE1 with 100KHz (device default)");
     
-    // 在开始新的 I2C 会话之前结束之前的会话（修复 ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE）/ End any previous I2C session before starting new one (fixes ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE)
+    // 在开始新的 I2C 会话之前结束之前的会话（修复 ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE）
+    // End any previous I2C session before starting new one (fixes ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE)
     _wire->end();
     M5IOE1_DELAY_MS(10);
     
-    // 初始化 I2C 总线并检查返回值 / Initialize I2C bus and check return value
+    // 初始化 I2C 总线并检查返回值
+    // Initialize I2C bus and check return value
     if (!_wire->begin(sda, scl, M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K)) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to initialize I2C bus (SDA=%d, SCL=%d)", sda, scl);
         return false;
     }
     
-    // 给 I2C 总线时间在初始化后稳定 / Give the I2C bus time to stabilize after initialization
+    // 给 I2C 总线时间在初始化后稳定
+    // Give the I2C bus time to stabilize after initialization
     M5IOE1_DELAY_MS(50);
 
     if (!_initDevice()) {
@@ -232,13 +247,15 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(TwoWire *wire, uint8_t addr, uint8_t sda, uint8_t scl, uint32
 
     _initialized = true;
 
-    // 获取初始快照 / Take initial snapshot
+    // 获取初始快照
+    // Take initial snapshot
     _snapshotPinStates();
     _snapshotPwmStates();
     _snapshotAdcState();
     _snapshotI2cConfig();
 
-    // 如果用户请求 400KHz，切换到高速模式 / If user requested 400KHz, switch to high-speed mode
+    // 如果用户请求 400KHz，切换到高速模式
+    // If user requested 400KHz, switch to high-speed mode
     if (_requestedSpeed == M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_400K) {
         if (!_switchTo400K()) {
             M5IOE1_LOG_W(TAG, "Failed to switch to 400KHz, remaining at 100KHz");
@@ -247,7 +264,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(TwoWire *wire, uint8_t addr, uint8_t sda, uint8_t scl, uint32
 
     M5IOE1_LOG_I(TAG, "M5IOE1 initialized at address 0x%02X (I2C: %lu Hz)", _addr, _requestedSpeed);
 
-    // 如果未禁用，设置中断模式 / Set interrupt mode if not disabled
+    // 如果未禁用，设置中断模式
+    // Set interrupt mode if not disabled
     if (mode != M5IOE1_INT_MODE_DISABLED) {
         setInterruptMode(mode);
     }
@@ -279,7 +297,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_port_t port, uint8_t addr, int sda, int scl, uint32_t spe
     _sda = sda;
     _scl = scl;
 
-    // 验证 I2C 频率 - M5IOE1 仅支持 100KHz 或 400KHz / Validate I2C frequency - M5IOE1 only supports 100KHz or 400KHz
+    // 验证 I2C 频率 - M5IOE1 仅支持 100KHz 或 400KHz
+    // Validate I2C frequency - M5IOE1 only supports 100KHz or 400KHz
     if (!_isValidI2cFrequency(speed)) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_W(TAG, "Invalid I2C frequency: %lu Hz. M5IOE1 only supports 100KHz or 400KHz. Falling back to 100KHz.", speed);
         _requestedSpeed = M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K;
@@ -287,10 +306,12 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_port_t port, uint8_t addr, int sda, int scl, uint32_t spe
         _requestedSpeed = speed;
     }
 
-    // 始终以 100KHz 开始 - M5IOE1 在上电/复位后默认为 100KHz / Always start with 100KHz - M5IOE1 defaults to 100KHz after power-on/reset
+    // 始终以 100KHz 开始 - M5IOE1 在上电/复位后默认为 100KHz
+    // Always start with 100KHz - M5IOE1 defaults to 100KHz after power-on/reset
     M5IOE1_LOG_I(TAG, "Initializing M5IOE1 with 100KHz (device default)");
 
-    // 使用 ESP-IDF 原生驱动创建 I2C 主总线 / Create I2C master bus using ESP-IDF native driver
+    // 使用 ESP-IDF 原生驱动创建 I2C 主总线
+    // Create I2C master bus using ESP-IDF native driver
     i2c_master_bus_config_t bus_config = {
         .i2c_port = port,
         .sda_io_num = (gpio_num_t)sda,
@@ -311,7 +332,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_port_t port, uint8_t addr, int sda, int scl, uint32_t spe
         return false;
     }
 
-    // 在 100KHz 创建设备句柄 / Create device handle at 100KHz
+    // 在 100KHz 创建设备句柄
+    // Create device handle at 100KHz
     i2c_device_config_t dev_config = {
         .dev_addr_length = I2C_ADDR_BIT_LEN_7,
         .device_address = _addr,
@@ -322,6 +344,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_port_t port, uint8_t addr, int sda, int scl, uint32_t spe
         },
     };
 
+    // 在 100KHz 创建设备句柄
+    // Create device handle at 100KHz
     ret = i2c_master_bus_add_device(_i2c_master_bus, &dev_config, &_i2c_master_dev);
     if (ret != ESP_OK) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to add I2C device: %s", esp_err_to_name(ret));
@@ -341,13 +365,15 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_port_t port, uint8_t addr, int sda, int scl, uint32_t spe
 
     _initialized = true;
 
-    // 获取初始快照 / Take initial snapshot
+    // 获取初始快照
+    // Take initial snapshot
     _snapshotPinStates();
     _snapshotPwmStates();
     _snapshotAdcState();
     _snapshotI2cConfig();
 
-    // 如果用户请求 400KHz，切换到高速模式 / If user requested 400KHz, switch to high-speed mode
+    // 如果用户请求 400KHz，切换到高速模式
+    // If user requested 400KHz, switch to high-speed mode
     if (_requestedSpeed == M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_400K) {
         if (!_switchTo400K()) {
             M5IOE1_LOG_W(TAG, "Failed to switch to 400KHz, remaining at 100KHz");
@@ -356,7 +382,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_port_t port, uint8_t addr, int sda, int scl, uint32_t spe
 
     M5IOE1_LOG_I(TAG, "M5IOE1 initialized at address 0x%02X (I2C: %lu Hz)", _addr, _requestedSpeed);
 
-    // 如果未禁用，设置中断模式 / Set interrupt mode if not disabled
+    // 如果未禁用，设置中断模式
+    // Set interrupt mode if not disabled
     if (mode != M5IOE1_INT_MODE_DISABLED) {
         setInterruptMode(mode);
     }
@@ -388,10 +415,12 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_master_bus_handle_t bus, uint8_t addr, uint32_t speed, m5
     _i2cDriverType = M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_MASTER;
     _intPin = -1;
     _i2c_master_bus = bus;
-    _sda = -1;  // 外部总线未知 / Unknown for external bus
+    _sda = -1;  // 外部总线未知
+                // Unknown for external bus
     _scl = -1;
 
-    // 验证 I2C 频率 / Validate I2C frequency
+    // 验证 I2C 频率
+    // Validate I2C frequency
     if (!_isValidI2cFrequency(speed)) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_W(TAG, "Invalid I2C frequency: %lu Hz. Falling back to 100KHz.", speed);
         _requestedSpeed = M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K;
@@ -401,7 +430,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_master_bus_handle_t bus, uint8_t addr, uint32_t speed, m5
 
     M5IOE1_LOG_I(TAG, "Initializing M5IOE1 with 100KHz (device default)");
 
-    // 在 100KHz 创建设备句柄 / Create device handle at 100KHz
+    // 在 100KHz 创建设备句柄
+    // Create device handle at 100KHz
     i2c_device_config_t dev_config = {
         .dev_addr_length = I2C_ADDR_BIT_LEN_7,
         .device_address = _addr,
@@ -412,6 +442,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_master_bus_handle_t bus, uint8_t addr, uint32_t speed, m5
         },
     };
 
+    // 在 100KHz 创建设备句柄
+    // Create device handle at 100KHz
     esp_err_t ret = i2c_master_bus_add_device(_i2c_master_bus, &dev_config, &_i2c_master_dev);
     if (ret != ESP_OK) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to add I2C device: %s", esp_err_to_name(ret));
@@ -427,13 +459,15 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_master_bus_handle_t bus, uint8_t addr, uint32_t speed, m5
 
     _initialized = true;
 
-    // 获取初始快照 / Take initial snapshot
+    // 获取初始快照
+    // Take initial snapshot
     _snapshotPinStates();
     _snapshotPwmStates();
     _snapshotAdcState();
     _snapshotI2cConfig();
 
-    // 如果用户请求 400KHz，切换到高速模式 / If user requested 400KHz, switch to high-speed mode
+    // 如果用户请求 400KHz，切换到高速模式
+    // If user requested 400KHz, switch to high-speed mode
     if (_requestedSpeed == M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_400K) {
         if (!_switchTo400K()) {
             M5IOE1_LOG_W(TAG, "Failed to switch to 400KHz, remaining at 100KHz");
@@ -473,10 +507,12 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_bus_handle_t bus, uint8_t addr, uint32_t speed, m5ioe1_in
     _i2cDriverType = M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_BUS;
     _intPin = -1;
     _i2c_bus = bus;
-    _sda = -1;  // 外部总线未知 / Unknown for external bus
+    _sda = -1;  // 外部总线未知
+                // Unknown for external bus
     _scl = -1;
 
-    // 验证 I2C 频率 / Validate I2C frequency
+    // 验证 I2C 频率
+    // Validate I2C frequency
     if (!_isValidI2cFrequency(speed)) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_W(TAG, "Invalid I2C frequency: %lu Hz. Falling back to 100KHz.", speed);
         _requestedSpeed = M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K;
@@ -486,7 +522,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_bus_handle_t bus, uint8_t addr, uint32_t speed, m5ioe1_in
 
     M5IOE1_LOG_I(TAG, "Initializing M5IOE1 with 100KHz (device default)");
 
-    // 在 100KHz 创建设备句柄 / Create device handle at 100KHz
+    // 在 100KHz 创建设备句柄
+    // Create device handle at 100KHz
     _i2c_device = i2c_bus_device_create(_i2c_bus, _addr, M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K);
     if (_i2c_device == nullptr) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to create I2C device");
@@ -502,13 +539,15 @@ bool M5IOE1::begin(i2c_bus_handle_t bus, uint8_t addr, uint32_t speed, m5ioe1_in
 
     _initialized = true;
 
-    // 获取初始快照 / Take initial snapshot
+    // 获取初始快照
+    // Take initial snapshot
     _snapshotPinStates();
     _snapshotPwmStates();
     _snapshotAdcState();
     _snapshotI2cConfig();
 
-    // 如果用户请求 400KHz，切换到高速模式 / If user requested 400KHz, switch to high-speed mode
+    // 如果用户请求 400KHz，切换到高速模式
+    // If user requested 400KHz, switch to high-speed mode
     if (_requestedSpeed == M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_400K) {
         if (!_switchTo400K()) {
             M5IOE1_LOG_W(TAG, "Failed to switch to 400KHz, remaining at 100KHz");
@@ -552,7 +591,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::setInterruptMode(m5ioe1_int_mode_t mode, uint32_t pollingIntervalMs
         return _setupPollingArduino();
     }
     // Arduino 上的硬件中断模式需要 attachInterrupt
-    // 这更复杂且特定于平台 / Hardware interrupt mode on Arduino would require attachInterrupt
+    // 这更复杂且特定于平台
+    // Hardware interrupt mode on Arduino would require attachInterrupt
     // which is more complex and platform-specific
 #else
     _cleanupInterrupt();
@@ -580,7 +620,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::setPollingInterval(float seconds) {
     uint32_t intervalMs = (uint32_t)(seconds * 1000.0f);
     _pollingInterval = intervalMs;
     
-    // 如果当前处于轮询模式，使用新间隔重新启动 / If currently in polling mode, restart with new interval
+    // 如果当前处于轮询模式，使用新间隔重新启动
+    // If currently in polling mode, restart with new interval
     if (_intMode == M5IOE1_INT_MODE_POLLING) {
 #ifdef ARDUINO
         _cleanupPollingArduino();
@@ -596,7 +637,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::setPollingInterval(float seconds) {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 设备信息 / Device Information
+// 设备信息
+// Device Information
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::getUID(uint16_t* uid) {
@@ -615,7 +657,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::getRefVoltage(uint16_t* voltage_mv) {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// GPIO 功能 / GPIO Functions
+// GPIO 功能
+// GPIO Functions
 // ============================
 
 void M5IOE1::pinMode(uint8_t pin, uint8_t mode) {
@@ -654,7 +697,8 @@ void M5IOE1::pinMode(uint8_t pin, uint8_t mode) {
             _pinStates[pin].pull = 2;
             break;
         case OUTPUT:
-            // 如果此引脚上启用了 PWM 则禁用 / Disable PWM if enabled on this pin
+            // 如果此引脚上启用了 PWM 则禁用
+            // Disable PWM if enabled on this pin
             if (_isPwmPin(pin)) {
                 uint8_t ch = _getPwmChannel(pin);
                 uint8_t regL = M5IOE1_REG_PWM1_DUTY_L + ch * 2;
@@ -669,7 +713,8 @@ void M5IOE1::pinMode(uint8_t pin, uint8_t mode) {
             modeReg |= (1 << pin);
             puReg &= ~(1 << pin);
             pdReg &= ~(1 << pin);
-            drvReg &= ~(1 << pin);  // 推挽 / Push-pull
+            drvReg &= ~(1 << pin);  // 推挽
+                                // Push-pull
             _pinStates[pin].isOutput = true;
             _pinStates[pin].drive = 0;
             break;
@@ -718,7 +763,8 @@ int M5IOE1::digitalRead(uint8_t pin) {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 高级 GPIO 功能 / Advanced GPIO Functions
+// 高级 GPIO 功能
+// Advanced GPIO Functions
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::setPullMode(uint8_t pin, uint8_t pullMode) {
@@ -777,13 +823,15 @@ bool M5IOE1::getInputState(uint8_t pin, uint8_t* state) {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 中断功能 / Interrupt Functions
+// 中断功能
+// Interrupt Functions
 // ============================
 
 void M5IOE1::attachInterrupt(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_callback_t callback, uint8_t mode) {
     if (!_isValidPin(pin) || callback == nullptr || !_initialized) return;
 
-    // 检查冲突的中断 / Check for conflicting interrupts
+    // 检查冲突的中断
+    // Check for conflicting interrupts
     if (_hasConflictingInterrupt(pin)) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Interrupt conflict on pin %d", pin);
         return;
@@ -795,13 +843,15 @@ void M5IOE1::attachInterrupt(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_callback_t callback, uint8_t mo
     _callbacks[pin].enabled = true;
     _callbacks[pin].rising = (mode == RISING);
 
-    // 将引脚配置为输入 / Configure pin as input
+    // 将引脚配置为输入
+    // Configure pin as input
     uint16_t modeReg = 0;
     _readReg16(M5IOE1_REG_GPIO_MODE_L, &modeReg);
     modeReg &= ~(1 << pin);
     _writeReg16(M5IOE1_REG_GPIO_MODE_L, modeReg);
 
-    // 配置中断 / Configure interrupt
+    // 配置中断
+    // Configure interrupt
     uint16_t ieReg = 0, itReg = 0;
     _readReg16(M5IOE1_REG_GPIO_IE_L, &ieReg);
     _readReg16(M5IOE1_REG_GPIO_IP_L, &itReg);
@@ -834,13 +884,15 @@ void M5IOE1::attachInterruptArg(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_callback_arg_t callback, voi
     _callbacks[pin].enabled = true;
     _callbacks[pin].rising = (mode == RISING);
 
-    // 将引脚配置为输入 / Configure pin as input
+    // 将引脚配置为输入
+    // Configure pin as input
     uint16_t modeReg = 0;
     _readReg16(M5IOE1_REG_GPIO_MODE_L, &modeReg);
     modeReg &= ~(1 << pin);
     _writeReg16(M5IOE1_REG_GPIO_MODE_L, modeReg);
 
-    // 配置中断 / Configure interrupt
+    // 配置中断
+    // Configure interrupt
     uint16_t ieReg = 0, itReg = 0;
     _readReg16(M5IOE1_REG_GPIO_IE_L, &ieReg);
     _readReg16(M5IOE1_REG_GPIO_IP_L, &itReg);
@@ -902,17 +954,20 @@ bool M5IOE1::clearInterrupt(uint8_t pin) {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// ADC 功能 / ADC Functions
+// ADC 功能
+// ADC Functions
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::analogRead(uint8_t channel, uint16_t* result) {
     if (result == nullptr || channel < 1 || channel > 4 || !_initialized) return false;
 
-    // 开始转换 / Start conversion
+    // 开始转换
+    // Start conversion
     uint8_t ctrl = (channel & M5IOE1_ADC_CH_MASK) | M5IOE1_ADC_START;
     if (!_writeReg(M5IOE1_REG_ADC_CTRL, ctrl)) return false;
 
-    // 等待完成 / Wait for completion
+    // 等待完成
+    // Wait for completion
     uint8_t reg = 0;
     int tries = 0;
     do {
@@ -946,7 +1001,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::disableAdc() {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 温度传感器 / Temperature Sensor
+// 温度传感器
+// Temperature Sensor
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::readTemperature(uint16_t* temperature) {
@@ -978,7 +1034,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::isTemperatureBusy() {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// PWM 功能 / PWM Functions
+// PWM 功能
+// PWM Functions
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::setPwmFrequency(uint16_t frequency) {
@@ -999,7 +1056,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::getPwmFrequency(uint16_t* frequency) {
 bool M5IOE1::setPwmDuty(uint8_t channel, uint8_t duty, bool polarity, bool enable) {
     if (channel > 3 || duty > 100 || !_initialized) return false;
 
-    // 将百分比转换为 12 位 (0-4095) / Convert percentage to 12-bit (0-4095)
+    // 将百分比转换为 12 位 (0-4095)
+    // Convert percentage to 12-bit (0-4095)
     uint16_t duty12 = (uint16_t)((duty * 0x0FFF) / 100);
     return setPwmDuty12bit(channel, duty12, polarity, enable);
 }
@@ -1007,7 +1065,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::setPwmDuty(uint8_t channel, uint8_t duty, bool polarity, bool enabl
 bool M5IOE1::setPwmDuty12bit(uint8_t channel, uint16_t duty12, bool polarity, bool enable) {
     if (channel > 3 || duty12 > 0x0FFF || !_initialized) return false;
 
-    // 获取对应的引脚 / Get corresponding pin
+    // 获取对应的引脚
+    // Get corresponding pin
     uint8_t pin = (channel == 0) ? 8 : (channel == 1) ? 7 : (channel == 2) ? 10 : 9;
 
     uint8_t regL = M5IOE1_REG_PWM1_DUTY_L + (channel * 2);
@@ -1021,7 +1080,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::setPwmDuty12bit(uint8_t channel, uint16_t duty12, bool polarity, bo
     if (!_writeBytes(regL, buf, 2)) return false;
 
     if (enable) {
-        // 将引脚设置为输出模式 / Set pin to output mode
+        // 将引脚设置为输出模式
+        // Set pin to output mode
         uint16_t modeReg = 0;
         if (_readReg16(M5IOE1_REG_GPIO_MODE_L, &modeReg)) {
             modeReg |= (1 << pin);
@@ -1055,7 +1115,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::getPwmDuty(uint8_t channel, uint8_t* duty, bool* polarity, bool* en
 }
 
 // ============================
-// NeoPixel LED 功能 / NeoPixel LED Functions
+// NeoPixel LED 功能
+// NeoPixel LED Functions
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::setLedCount(uint8_t count) {
@@ -1071,7 +1132,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::setLedCount(uint8_t count) {
 bool M5IOE1::setLedColor(uint8_t index, uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b) {
     if (index >= M5IOE1_MAX_LED_COUNT || !_initialized) return false;
 
-    // 转换为 RGB565 / Convert to RGB565
+    // 转换为 RGB565
+    // Convert to RGB565
     uint16_t r5 = (r >> 3) & 0x1F;
     uint16_t g6 = (g >> 2) & 0x3F;
     uint16_t b5 = (b >> 3) & 0x1F;
@@ -1108,7 +1170,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::disableLeds() {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// AW8737A 脉冲功能 / AW8737A Pulse Functions
+// AW8737A 脉冲功能
+// AW8737A Pulse Functions
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::setAw8737aPulse(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_aw8737a_pulse_num_t pulseNum, 
@@ -1118,26 +1181,32 @@ bool M5IOE1::setAw8737aPulse(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_aw8737a_pulse_num_t pulseNum,
         return false;
     }
 
-    // 验证引脚范围 (0-13) / Validate pin range (0-13)
+    // 验证引脚范围 (0-13)
+    // Validate pin range (0-13)
     if (pin >= M5IOE1_MAX_GPIO_PINS) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Invalid pin number: %d (valid range: 0-%d)", pin, M5IOE1_MAX_GPIO_PINS - 1);
         return false;
     }
 
-    // 验证脉冲编号 (0-3) / Validate pulse number (0-3)
+    // 验证脉冲编号 (0-3)
+    // Validate pulse number (0-3)
     if (pulseNum > M5IOE1_AW8737A_PULSE_NUM_3) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Invalid pulse number: %d (valid range: 0-3)", pulseNum);
         return false;
     }
 
     // 构建寄存器值
-    // [7] REFRESH | [6:5] NUM[1:0] | [4:0] GPIO[4:0] / Build register value
+    // [7] REFRESH | [6:5] NUM[1:0] | [4:0] GPIO[4:0]
+    // Build register value
     // [7] REFRESH | [6:5] NUM[1:0] | [4:0] GPIO[4:0]
     uint8_t regValue = 0;
-    regValue |= (pin & M5IOE1_AW8737A_GPIO_MASK);                                    // 位[4:0]: GPIO 选择 / Bits[4:0]: GPIO selection
-    regValue |= ((pulseNum & M5IOE1_AW8737A_NUM_MASK) << M5IOE1_AW8737A_NUM_SHIFT); // 位[6:5]: 脉冲编号 / Bits[6:5]: Pulse number
+    regValue |= (pin & M5IOE1_AW8737A_GPIO_MASK);                                    // 位[4:0]: GPIO 选择
+                                                                                      // Bits[4:0]: GPIO selection
+    regValue |= ((pulseNum & M5IOE1_AW8737A_NUM_MASK) << M5IOE1_AW8737A_NUM_SHIFT); // 位[6:5]: 脉冲编号
+                                                                                      // Bits[6:5]: Pulse number
     if (refresh == M5IOE1_AW8737A_REFRESH_NOW) {
-        regValue |= M5IOE1_AW8737A_REFRESH;                                          // 位[7]: 刷新标志 / Bit[7]: Refresh flag
+        regValue |= M5IOE1_AW8737A_REFRESH;                                          // 位[7]: 刷新标志
+                                                                                      // Bit[7]: Refresh flag
     }
 
     bool ok = _writeReg(M5IOE1_REG_AW8737A_PULSE, regValue);
@@ -1149,7 +1218,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::setAw8737aPulse(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_aw8737a_pulse_num_t pulseNum,
     M5IOE1_LOG_I(TAG, "AW8737A pulse set: pin=%d, num=%d, refresh=%d (reg=0x%02X)", 
                  pin, pulseNum, refresh, regValue);
 
-    // 如果设置了 REFRESH 位 (REFRESH_NOW)，等待 20ms，因为它会影响 I2C 通信 / If REFRESH bit was set (REFRESH_NOW), wait 20ms as it affects I2C communication
+    // 如果设置了 REFRESH 位 (REFRESH_NOW)，等待 20ms，因为它会影响 I2C 通信
+    // If REFRESH bit was set (REFRESH_NOW), wait 20ms as it affects I2C communication
     if (refresh == M5IOE1_AW8737A_REFRESH_NOW) {
         M5IOE1_DELAY_MS(20);
     }
@@ -1163,14 +1233,16 @@ bool M5IOE1::refreshAw8737aPulse() {
         return false;
     }
 
-    // 读取当前寄存器值 / Read current register value
+    // 读取当前寄存器值
+    // Read current register value
     uint8_t regValue = 0;
     if (!_readReg(M5IOE1_REG_AW8737A_PULSE, &regValue)) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to read AW8737A pulse register");
         return false;
     }
 
-    // 将位 7 设置为 1 / Set bit 7 to 1
+    // 将位 7 设置为 1
+    // Set bit 7 to 1
     regValue |= M5IOE1_AW8737A_REFRESH;
 
     if (!_writeReg(M5IOE1_REG_AW8737A_PULSE, regValue)) {
@@ -1180,14 +1252,16 @@ bool M5IOE1::refreshAw8737aPulse() {
 
     M5IOE1_LOG_I(TAG, "AW8737A pulse refresh triggered (reg=0x%02X)", regValue);
 
-    // 写入位 7 后等待 20ms，因为它会影响 I2C 通信 / Wait 20ms after writing bit 7, as it affects I2C communication
+    // 写入位 7 后等待 20ms，因为它会影响 I2C 通信
+    // Wait 20ms after writing bit 7, as it affects I2C communication
     M5IOE1_DELAY_MS(20);
 
     return true;
 }
 
 // ============================
-// RTC RAM 功能 / RTC RAM Functions
+// RTC RAM 功能
+// RTC RAM Functions
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::writeRtcRAM(uint8_t offset, const uint8_t* data, uint8_t length) {
@@ -1211,7 +1285,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::readRtcRAM(uint8_t offset, uint8_t* data, uint8_t length) {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 系统配置 / System Configuration
+// 系统配置
+// System Configuration
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::setI2cConfig(uint8_t sleepTime, bool speed400k, bool wakeRising, bool pullOff) {
@@ -1252,7 +1327,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::factoryReset() {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 状态快照功能 / State Snapshot Functions
+// 状态快照功能
+// State Snapshot Functions
 // ============================
 
 void M5IOE1::setAutoSnapshot(bool enable) {
@@ -1274,7 +1350,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::updateSnapshot() {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 调试功能 / Debug Functions
+// 调试功能
+// Debug Functions
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::getModeReg(uint16_t* reg) {
@@ -1308,13 +1385,15 @@ bool M5IOE1::getDriveReg(uint16_t* reg) {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 配置验证 / Configuration Validation
+// 配置验证
+// Configuration Validation
 // ============================
 
 m5ioe1_validation_t M5IOE1::validateConfig(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_config_type_t configType, bool enable) {
     m5ioe1_validation_t result = {false, {0}, 0xFF};
 
-    // 基本验证 / Basic validation
+    // 基本验证
+    // Basic validation
     if (!_isValidPin(pin)) {
         snprintf(result.error_msg, sizeof(result.error_msg), "Invalid pin %d", pin);
         return result;
@@ -1325,7 +1404,8 @@ m5ioe1_validation_t M5IOE1::validateConfig(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_config_type_t con
         return result;
     }
 
-    // 如果禁用，无需冲突检查 / If disabling, no conflict check needed
+    // 如果禁用，无需冲突检查
+    // If disabling, no conflict check needed
     if (!enable) {
         result.valid = true;
         return result;
@@ -1336,7 +1416,8 @@ m5ioe1_validation_t M5IOE1::validateConfig(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_config_type_t con
     switch (configType) {
         case M5IOE1_CONFIG_GPIO_INPUT:
         case M5IOE1_CONFIG_GPIO_OUTPUT:
-            // 检查引脚是否用于特殊功能 / Check if pin is being used for special functions
+            // 检查引脚是否用于特殊功能
+            // Check if pin is being used for special functions
             if (_hasActivePwm(pin)) {
                 snprintf(result.error_msg, sizeof(result.error_msg),
                          "Pin %d is used for PWM. Disable first (e.g. setPwmDuty)", pin);
@@ -1355,7 +1436,8 @@ m5ioe1_validation_t M5IOE1::validateConfig(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_config_type_t con
             break;
 
         case M5IOE1_CONFIG_GPIO_INTERRUPT:
-            // 检查中断互斥约束 / Check interrupt mutex constraint
+            // 检查中断互斥约束
+            // Check interrupt mutex constraint
             if (_getInterruptMutexPin(pin, &mutexPin)) {
                 if (_hasActiveInterrupt(mutexPin)) {
                     snprintf(result.error_msg, sizeof(result.error_msg),
@@ -1364,7 +1446,8 @@ m5ioe1_validation_t M5IOE1::validateConfig(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_config_type_t con
                     return result;
                 }
             }
-            // 检查 IO5 的 I2C 睡眠模式冲突 / Check I2C sleep mode conflict for IO5
+            // 检查 IO5 的 I2C 睡眠模式冲突
+            // Check I2C sleep mode conflict for IO5
             if (pin == 4 && _hasI2cSleepEnabled()) {  // IO5 is pin index 4
                 snprintf(result.error_msg, sizeof(result.error_msg),
                          "IO5 interrupt disabled when I2C sleep enabled");
@@ -1373,13 +1456,15 @@ m5ioe1_validation_t M5IOE1::validateConfig(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_config_type_t con
             break;
 
         case M5IOE1_CONFIG_ADC:
-            // 检查引脚是否支持 ADC / Check if pin supports ADC
+            // 检查引脚是否支持 ADC
+            // Check if pin supports ADC
             if (!_isAdcPin(pin)) {
                 snprintf(result.error_msg, sizeof(result.error_msg),
                          "Pin %d does not support ADC", pin);
                 return result;
             }
-            // 检查引脚是否配置为输出 / Check if pin is configured as output
+            // 检查引脚是否配置为输出
+            // Check if pin is configured as output
             if (_pinStatesValid && _pinStates[pin].isOutput) {
                 snprintf(result.error_msg, sizeof(result.error_msg),
                          "Pin %d is configured as output", pin);
@@ -1388,7 +1473,8 @@ m5ioe1_validation_t M5IOE1::validateConfig(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_config_type_t con
             break;
 
         case M5IOE1_CONFIG_PWM:
-            // 检查引脚是否支持 PWM / Check if pin supports PWM
+            // 检查引脚是否支持 PWM
+            // Check if pin supports PWM
             if (!_isPwmPin(pin)) {
                 snprintf(result.error_msg, sizeof(result.error_msg),
                          "Pin %d does not support PWM", pin);
@@ -1397,19 +1483,22 @@ m5ioe1_validation_t M5IOE1::validateConfig(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_config_type_t con
             break;
 
         case M5IOE1_CONFIG_NEOPIXEL:
-            // NeoPixel 仅在 IO14 上工作（引脚索引 13）/ NeoPixel only works on IO14 (pin index 13)
+            // NeoPixel 仅在 IO14 上工作（引脚索引 13）
+            // NeoPixel only works on IO14 (pin index 13)
             if (!_isNeopixelPin(pin)) {
                 snprintf(result.error_msg, sizeof(result.error_msg),
                          "NeoPixel only supported on IO14 (pin 13)");
                 return result;
             }
-            // 检查引脚是否有活动中断 / Check if pin has active interrupt
+            // 检查引脚是否有活动中断
+            // Check if pin has active interrupt
             if (_hasActiveInterrupt(pin)) {
                 snprintf(result.error_msg, sizeof(result.error_msg),
                          "IO14 has active interrupt, conflicts with NeoPixel");
                 return result;
             }
-            // 检查中断互斥（IO10 和 IO14 是互斥的）/ Check interrupt mutex (IO10 and IO14 are mutex)
+            // 检查中断互斥（IO10 和 IO14 是互斥的）
+            // Check interrupt mutex (IO10 and IO14 are mutex)
             if (_getInterruptMutexPin(pin, &mutexPin)) {
                 if (_hasActiveInterrupt(mutexPin)) {
                     snprintf(result.error_msg, sizeof(result.error_msg),
@@ -1421,7 +1510,8 @@ m5ioe1_validation_t M5IOE1::validateConfig(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_config_type_t con
             break;
 
         case M5IOE1_CONFIG_I2C_SLEEP:
-            // I2C 睡眠模式禁用 IO5 中断 / I2C sleep mode disables IO5 interrupt
+            // I2C 睡眠模式禁用 IO5 中断
+            // I2C sleep mode disables IO5 interrupt
             if (_hasActiveInterrupt(4)) {  // IO5 is pin index 4
                 snprintf(result.error_msg, sizeof(result.error_msg),
                          "I2C sleep mode will disable IO5 interrupt");
@@ -1440,7 +1530,8 @@ m5ioe1_validation_t M5IOE1::validateConfig(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_config_type_t con
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 内部辅助函数 / Internal Helper Functions
+// 内部辅助函数
+// Internal Helper Functions
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::_writeReg(uint8_t reg, uint8_t value) {
@@ -1544,12 +1635,14 @@ bool M5IOE1::_isValidPin(uint8_t pin) {
 }
 
 bool M5IOE1::_isAdcPin(uint8_t pin) {
-    // ADC 引脚：IO2(1), IO4(3), IO5(4), IO7(6) / ADC pins: IO2(1), IO4(3), IO5(4), IO7(6)
+    // ADC 引脚：IO2(1), IO4(3), IO5(4), IO7(6)
+    // ADC pins: IO2(1), IO4(3), IO5(4), IO7(6)
     return (pin == 1 || pin == 3 || pin == 4 || pin == 6);
 }
 
 bool M5IOE1::_isPwmPin(uint8_t pin) {
-    // PWM 引脚：IO8(7), IO9(8), IO10(9), IO11(10) / PWM pins: IO8(7), IO9(8), IO10(9), IO11(10)
+    // PWM 引脚：IO8(7), IO9(8), IO10(9), IO11(10)
+    // PWM pins: IO8(7), IO9(8), IO10(9), IO11(10)
     return (pin == 7 || pin == 8 || pin == 9 || pin == 10);
 }
 
@@ -1673,14 +1766,16 @@ bool M5IOE1::_switchTo400K() {
         return false;
     }
 
-    // 步骤 1：读取当前 I2C 配置 / Step 1: Read current I2C config
+    // 步骤 1：读取当前 I2C 配置
+    // Step 1: Read current I2C config
     uint8_t i2cCfg = 0;
     if (!_readReg(M5IOE1_REG_I2C_CFG, &i2cCfg)) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to read I2C config register");
         return false;
     }
 
-    // 步骤 2：在设备中设置 400KHz 模式位 / Step 2: Set 400KHz mode bit in device
+    // 步骤 2：在设备中设置 400KHz 模式位
+    // Step 2: Set 400KHz mode bit in device
     i2cCfg |= M5IOE1_I2C_SPEED_400K;
     if (!_writeReg(M5IOE1_REG_I2C_CFG, i2cCfg)) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to write I2C config register for 400KHz mode");
@@ -1689,23 +1784,28 @@ bool M5IOE1::_switchTo400K() {
 
     M5IOE1_LOG_I(TAG, "M5IOE1 I2C config set to 400KHz mode");
 
-    // 步骤 3：短暂延迟以允许设备处理配置更改 / Step 3: Small delay to allow device to process the configuration change
+    // 步骤 3：短暂延迟以允许设备处理配置更改
+    // Step 3: Small delay to allow device to process the configuration change
     M5IOE1_DELAY_MS(5);
 
-    // 步骤 4：将主机 I2C 总线切换到 400KHz / Step 4: Switch host I2C bus to 400KHz
+    // 步骤 4：将主机 I2C 总线切换到 400KHz
+    // Step 4: Switch host I2C bus to 400KHz
 #ifdef ARDUINO
     if (_wire != nullptr) {
         // 必须使用 Wire.end() + Wire.begin() 在 ESP32 上正确切换 I2C 频率
-        // 仅使用 setClock() 会在较新的 ESP32 Arduino 核心上导致 ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE / Must use Wire.end() + Wire.begin() to properly switch I2C frequency on ESP32
+        // 仅使用 setClock() 会在较新的 ESP32 Arduino 核心上导致 ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE
+        // Must use Wire.end() + Wire.begin() to properly switch I2C frequency on ESP32
         // Using only setClock() causes ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE on newer ESP32 Arduino cores
         _wire->end();
-        M5IOE1_DELAY_MS(10);  // 允许 I2C 总线稳定 / Allow I2C bus to settle
+        M5IOE1_DELAY_MS(10);  // 允许 I2C 总线稳定
+                            // Allow I2C bus to settle
         if (!_wire->begin(_sda, _scl, M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_400K)) {
             M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to re-initialize I2C bus at 400KHz");
             // Try to recover with 100KHz
             _wire->begin(_sda, _scl, M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K);
             _requestedSpeed = M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K;
-            // 恢复设备配置 / Revert device config
+            // 恢复设备配置
+            // Revert device config
             i2cCfg &= ~M5IOE1_I2C_SPEED_400K;
             _writeReg(M5IOE1_REG_I2C_CFG, i2cCfg);
             return false;
@@ -1714,13 +1814,15 @@ bool M5IOE1::_switchTo400K() {
         M5IOE1_LOG_I(TAG, "Host I2C bus switched to 400KHz");
     }
 #else
-    // ESP-IDF：处理不同的驱动类型 / ESP-IDF: Handle different driver types
+    // ESP-IDF：处理不同的驱动类型
+    // ESP-IDF: Handle different driver types
     esp_err_t ret;
     
     switch (_i2cDriverType) {
         case M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_SELF_CREATED:
         case M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_MASTER:
-            // 对于 i2c_master 驱动：删除设备并以新速度重新添加 / For i2c_master driver: remove device and add with new speed
+            // 对于 i2c_master 驱动：删除设备并以新速度重新添加
+            // For i2c_master driver: remove device and add with new speed
             if (_i2c_master_dev != nullptr) {
                 ret = i2c_master_bus_rm_device(_i2c_master_dev);
                 if (ret != ESP_OK) {
@@ -1728,8 +1830,9 @@ bool M5IOE1::_switchTo400K() {
                     return false;
                 }
                 _i2c_master_dev = nullptr;
-                
-                // 以 400KHz 重新创建设备句柄 / Recreate device handle with 400KHz
+
+                // 以 400KHz 重新创建设备句柄
+                // Recreate device handle with 400KHz
                 i2c_device_config_t dev_config = {
                     .dev_addr_length = I2C_ADDR_BIT_LEN_7,
                     .device_address = _addr,
@@ -1743,7 +1846,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::_switchTo400K() {
                 ret = i2c_master_bus_add_device(_i2c_master_bus, &dev_config, &_i2c_master_dev);
                 if (ret != ESP_OK) {
                     M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to add I2C device at 400KHz: %s", esp_err_to_name(ret));
-                    // 尝试以 100KHz 恢复 / Try to recover with 100KHz
+                    // 尝试以 100KHz 恢复
+                    // Try to recover with 100KHz
                     dev_config.scl_speed_hz = M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K;
                     i2c_master_bus_add_device(_i2c_master_bus, &dev_config, &_i2c_master_dev);
                     _requestedSpeed = M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K;
@@ -1754,19 +1858,22 @@ bool M5IOE1::_switchTo400K() {
             break;
             
         case M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_BUS:
-            // 对于 i2c_bus 驱动：删除设备并以新速度创建 / For i2c_bus driver: delete device and create with new speed
+            // 对于 i2c_bus 驱动：删除设备并以新速度创建
+            // For i2c_bus driver: delete device and create with new speed
             if (_i2c_device != nullptr) {
                 ret = i2c_bus_device_delete(&_i2c_device);
                 if (ret != ESP_OK) {
                     M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to delete I2C device: %s", esp_err_to_name(ret));
                     return false;
                 }
-                
-                // 以 400KHz 重新创建设备句柄 / Recreate device handle with 400KHz
+
+                // 以 400KHz 重新创建设备句柄
+                // Recreate device handle with 400KHz
                 _i2c_device = i2c_bus_device_create(_i2c_bus, _addr, M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_400K);
                 if (_i2c_device == nullptr) {
                     M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to create I2C device at 400KHz");
-                    // 尝试以 100KHz 恢复 / Try to recover with 100KHz
+                    // 尝试以 100KHz 恢复
+                    // Try to recover with 100KHz
                     _i2c_device = i2c_bus_device_create(_i2c_bus, _addr, M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K);
                     _requestedSpeed = M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K;
                     return false;
@@ -1781,23 +1888,27 @@ bool M5IOE1::_switchTo400K() {
     }
 #endif
 
-    // 步骤 5：验证通信仍然有效 / Step 5: Verify communication still works
+    // 步骤 5：验证通信仍然有效
+    // Step 5: Verify communication still works
     uint16_t uid = 0;
     if (!_readReg16(M5IOE1_REG_UID_L, &uid)) {
         M5IOE1_LOG_E(TAG, "Communication failed after switching to 400KHz, reverting to 100KHz");
 
-        // 恢复设备配置 / Revert device config
+        // 恢复设备配置
+        // Revert device config
         i2cCfg &= ~M5IOE1_I2C_SPEED_400K;
 #ifdef ARDUINO
         if (_wire != nullptr) {
-            // 以 100KHz 重新初始化 I2C 总线 / Re-initialize I2C bus at 100KHz
+            // 以 100KHz 重新初始化 I2C 总线
+            // Re-initialize I2C bus at 100KHz
             _wire->end();
             M5IOE1_DELAY_MS(10);
             _wire->begin(_sda, _scl, M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K);
             M5IOE1_DELAY_MS(10);
         }
 #else
-        // 根据驱动类型恢复 / Revert based on driver type
+        // 根据驱动类型恢复
+        // Revert based on driver type
         switch (_i2cDriverType) {
             case M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_SELF_CREATED:
             case M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_MASTER:
@@ -1828,7 +1939,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::_switchTo400K() {
         return false;
     }
 
-    // 更新 I2C 配置缓存 / Update I2C config cache
+    // 更新 I2C 配置缓存
+    // Update I2C config cache
     _i2cConfig.speed400k = true;
     _requestedSpeed = M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_400K;
 
@@ -1837,7 +1949,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::_switchTo400K() {
 }
 
 bool M5IOE1::_initDevice() {
-    // 读取设备信息以验证通信 / Read device info to verify communication
+    // 读取设备信息以验证通信
+    // Read device info to verify communication
     uint16_t uid = 0;
     uint8_t version = 0;
 
@@ -1875,7 +1988,8 @@ void M5IOE1::_handleInterrupt() {
 }
 
 bool M5IOE1::_pinsConflict(uint8_t a, uint8_t b) {
-    // 中断冲突对（1-based IO 编号）：/ Interrupt conflict pairs (1-based IO numbers):
+    // 中断冲突对（1-based IO 编号）：
+    // Interrupt conflict pairs (1-based IO numbers):
     // (1,6), (2,3), (7,12), (8,9), (10,14), (11,13)
     uint8_t A = a + 1, B = b + 1;
 
@@ -1897,13 +2011,15 @@ bool M5IOE1::_hasConflictingInterrupt(uint8_t pin) {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 配置验证辅助函数 / Configuration Validation Helpers
+// 配置验证辅助函数
+// Configuration Validation Helpers
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::_getInterruptMutexPin(uint8_t pin, uint8_t* mutexPin) {
     if (mutexPin == nullptr) return false;
 
-    // 中断互斥对（0-based 引脚索引）：/ Interrupt mutex pairs (0-based pin indices):
+    // 中断互斥对（0-based 引脚索引）：
+    // Interrupt mutex pairs (0-based pin indices):
     // IO1(0) <-> IO6(5)
     // IO2(1) <-> IO3(2)
     // IO7(6) <-> IO12(11)
@@ -1935,7 +2051,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::_getInterruptMutexPin(uint8_t pin, uint8_t* mutexPin) {
 }
 
 bool M5IOE1::_isNeopixelPin(uint8_t pin) {
-    // NeoPixel LED 功能仅在 IO14 上可用（引脚索引 13）/ NeoPixel LED function only available on IO14 (pin index 13)
+    // NeoPixel LED 功能仅在 IO14 上可用（引脚索引 13）
+    // NeoPixel LED function only available on IO14 (pin index 13)
     return (pin == 13);
 }
 
@@ -1949,7 +2066,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::_hasActiveAdc(uint8_t pin) {
     if (!_isAdcPin(pin)) return false;
     if (!_adcStateValid) return false;
 
-    // 检查 ADC 当前是否正在使用此引脚的通道 / Check if the ADC is currently using this pin's channel
+    // 检查 ADC 当前是否正在使用此引脚的通道
+    // Check if the ADC is currently using this pin's channel
     uint8_t channel = _getAdcChannel(pin);
     return (_adcState.activeChannel == channel);
 }
@@ -1972,7 +2090,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::_isLedEnabled() {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// I2C 配置快照 / I2C Config Snapshot
+// I2C 配置快照
+// I2C Config Snapshot
 // ============================
 
 void M5IOE1::_clearI2cConfig() {
@@ -1992,7 +2111,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::_snapshotI2cConfig() {
     _i2cConfig.pullOff = (cfg & M5IOE1_I2C_PULL_OFF) != 0;
     _i2cConfigValid = true;
 
-    // 同时快照 LED 配置 / Also snapshot LED config
+    // 同时快照 LED 配置
+    // Also snapshot LED config
     uint8_t ledCfg = 0;
     if (_readReg(M5IOE1_REG_LED_CFG, &ledCfg)) {
         _ledCount = ledCfg & M5IOE1_LED_NUM_MASK;
@@ -2003,7 +2123,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::_snapshotI2cConfig() {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 快照验证 / Snapshot Verification
+// 快照验证
+// Snapshot Verification
 // ============================
 
 m5ioe1_snapshot_verify_t M5IOE1::verifySnapshot() {
@@ -2014,14 +2135,16 @@ m5ioe1_snapshot_verify_t M5IOE1::verifySnapshot() {
         return result;
     }
 
-    // 验证 GPIO 寄存器 / Verify GPIO registers
+    // 验证 GPIO 寄存器
+    // Verify GPIO registers
     if (_pinStatesValid) {
         uint16_t actualMode = 0, actualOutput = 0;
 
         if (_readReg16(M5IOE1_REG_GPIO_MODE_L, &actualMode) &&
             _readReg16(M5IOE1_REG_GPIO_OUT_L, &actualOutput)) {
 
-            // 从缓存构建期望值 / Build expected values from cache
+            // 从缓存构建期望值
+            // Build expected values from cache
             uint16_t expectedMode = 0, expectedOutput = 0;
             for (uint8_t i = 0; i < M5IOE1_MAX_GPIO_PINS; i++) {
                 if (_pinStates[i].isOutput) {
@@ -2046,7 +2169,8 @@ m5ioe1_snapshot_verify_t M5IOE1::verifySnapshot() {
         }
     }
 
-    // 验证 PWM 寄存器 / Verify PWM registers
+    // 验证 PWM 寄存器
+    // Verify PWM registers
     if (_pwmStatesValid) {
         uint16_t actualFreq = 0;
         if (_readReg16(M5IOE1_REG_PWM_FREQ_L, &actualFreq)) {
@@ -2074,7 +2198,8 @@ m5ioe1_snapshot_verify_t M5IOE1::verifySnapshot() {
         }
     }
 
-    // 验证 ADC 寄存器 / Verify ADC registers
+    // 验证 ADC 寄存器
+    // Verify ADC registers
     if (_adcStateValid) {
         uint8_t ctrl = 0;
         if (_readReg(M5IOE1_REG_ADC_CTRL, &ctrl)) {
@@ -2090,7 +2215,8 @@ m5ioe1_snapshot_verify_t M5IOE1::verifySnapshot() {
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 缓存状态查询函数 / Cached State Query Functions
+// 缓存状态查询函数
+// Cached State Query Functions
 // ============================
 
 bool M5IOE1::getCachedPwmFrequency(uint16_t* frequency) {
@@ -2136,7 +2262,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::getCachedPinState(uint8_t pin, bool* isOutput, uint8_t* level, uint
 }
 
 // ============================
-// 平台特定函数 / Platform-Specific Functions
+// 平台特定函数
+// Platform-Specific Functions
 // ============================
 
 #ifdef ARDUINO
@@ -2231,7 +2358,8 @@ bool M5IOE1::_setupHardwareInterrupt() {
         return false;
     }
 
-    // 创建任务以处理中断 / Create task to handle interrupts
+    // 创建任务以处理中断
+    // Create task to handle interrupts
     xTaskCreatePinnedToCore(
         [](void* arg) {
             M5IOE1* self = static_cast<M5IOE1*>(arg);
@@ -2267,9 +2395,10 @@ void M5IOE1::_cleanupInterrupt() {
         _intrQueue = nullptr;
     }
     if (_intPin >= 0) {
-        // 移除 GPIO ISR handler / Remove GPIO ISR handler
+        // 移除 GPIO ISR handler
+        // Remove GPIO ISR handler
         // 如果返回错误（如"GPIO isr service is not installed"）可忽略
-        // 该错误表示当前未安装 ISR service，无需移除，属于预期行为 / The returned error (e.g., "GPIO isr service is not installed") can be ignored
+        // The returned error (e.g., "GPIO isr service is not installed") can be ignored
         // This error indicates that the ISR service is not currently installed and does not need to be removed, which is expected behavior
         esp_err_t err = gpio_isr_handler_remove((gpio_num_t)_intPin);
         if (err != ESP_OK) {
diff --git a/src/M5IOE1.h b/src/M5IOE1.h
index 7c30b20..98826ad 100644
--- a/src/M5IOE1.h
+++ b/src/M5IOE1.h
@@ -12,9 +12,11 @@
 #include <stdbool.h>
 
 #ifdef ARDUINO
-// Arduino：FreeRTOS 头文件通过 Arduino 框架包含 / Arduino: FreeRTOS headers included via Arduino framework
+// Arduino：FreeRTOS 头文件通过 Arduino 框架包含
+// Arduino: FreeRTOS headers included via Arduino framework
 #else
-// ESP-IDF 专用包含文件 / ESP-IDF specific includes
+// ESP-IDF 专用包含文件
+// ESP-IDF specific includes
 #include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
 #include "freertos/task.h"
 #include "freertos/queue.h"
@@ -22,7 +24,8 @@
 #endif
 
 // ============================
-// IO 引脚定义 / IO Pin Definitions
+// IO 引脚定义
+// IO Pin Definitions
 // ============================
 typedef enum {
     M5IOE1_PIN_NC = -1,
@@ -43,7 +46,8 @@ typedef enum {
 } m5ioe1_pin_t;
 
 // ============================
-// 设备常量 / Device Constants
+// 设备常量
+// Device Constants
 // ============================
 #define M5IOE1_DEFAULT_ADDR     0x6F
 #define M5IOE1_MAX_GPIO_PINS    14
@@ -53,14 +57,16 @@ typedef enum {
 #define M5IOE1_RTC_RAM_SIZE     32
 
 // ============================
-// I2C 频率常量 / I2C Frequency Constants
+// I2C 频率常量
+// I2C Frequency Constants
 // ============================
 #define M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K    100000
 #define M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_400K    400000
 #define M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_DEFAULT M5IOE1_I2C_FREQ_100K
 
 // ============================
-// 寄存器地址 / Register Addresses
+// 寄存器地址
+// Register Addresses
 // ============================
 // System
 #define M5IOE1_REG_UID_L            0x00    // R     [7:0] UID Low Byte
@@ -119,7 +125,8 @@ typedef enum {
 #define M5IOE1_REG_AW8737A_PULSE    0x90    // R/W   [7] REFRESH | [6:5] NUM | [4:0] GPIO
 
 // ============================
-// 位定义 / Bit Definitions
+// 位定义
+// Bit Definitions
 // ============================
 // ADC Control
 #define M5IOE1_ADC_CH_MASK          0x07
@@ -148,7 +155,8 @@ typedef enum {
 #define M5IOE1_AW8737A_REFRESH      (1 << 7)
 
 // ============================
-// ADC 通道定义（支持 ADC 的 IO 引脚）/ ADC Channel Definitions (IO pins that support ADC)
+// ADC 通道定义（支持 ADC 的 IO 引脚）
+// ADC Channel Definitions (IO pins that support ADC)
 // ============================
 #define M5IOE1_ADC_CH1              1   // IO2 (pin index 1)
 #define M5IOE1_ADC_CH2              2   // IO4 (pin index 3)
@@ -156,7 +164,8 @@ typedef enum {
 #define M5IOE1_ADC_CH4              4   // IO7 (pin index 6)
 
 // ============================
-// PWM 通道定义（支持 PWM 的 IO 引脚）/ PWM Channel Definitions (IO pins that support PWM)
+// PWM 通道定义（支持 PWM 的 IO 引脚）
+// PWM Channel Definitions (IO pins that support PWM)
 // ============================
 #define M5IOE1_PWM_CH1              0   // IO9 (pin index 8)
 #define M5IOE1_PWM_CH2              1   // IO8 (pin index 7)
@@ -164,7 +173,8 @@ typedef enum {
 #define M5IOE1_PWM_CH4              3   // IO10 (pin index 9)
 
 // ============================
-// GPIO 模式定义（Arduino 兼容）/ GPIO Mode Definitions (Arduino-compatible)
+// GPIO 模式定义（Arduino 兼容）
+// GPIO Mode Definitions (Arduino-compatible)
 // ============================
 #ifndef INPUT
 #define INPUT           0x00
@@ -180,7 +190,8 @@ typedef enum {
 #endif
 
 // ============================
-// GPIO 电平定义 / GPIO Level Definitions
+// GPIO 电平定义
+// GPIO Level Definitions
 // ============================
 #ifndef LOW
 #define LOW             0
@@ -190,7 +201,8 @@ typedef enum {
 #endif
 
 // ============================
-// 中断模式定义 / Interrupt Mode Definitions
+// 中断模式定义
+// Interrupt Mode Definitions
 // ============================
 #ifndef RISING
 #define RISING          0x01
@@ -200,72 +212,102 @@ typedef enum {
 #endif
 
 // ============================
-// 上拉/下拉模式定义 / Pull Mode Definitions
+// 上拉/下拉模式定义
+// Pull Mode Definitions
 // ============================
 #define M5IOE1_PULL_NONE    0x00
 #define M5IOE1_PULL_UP      0x01
 #define M5IOE1_PULL_DOWN    0x02
 
 // ============================
-// 驱动模式定义 / Drive Mode Definitions
+// 驱动模式定义
+// Drive Mode Definitions
 // ============================
 #define M5IOE1_DRIVE_PUSHPULL   0x00
 #define M5IOE1_DRIVE_OPENDRAIN  0x01
 
 // ============================
-// AW8737A 脉冲刷新类型 / AW8737A PULSE Refresh Types
+// AW8737A 脉冲刷新类型
+// AW8737A PULSE Refresh Types
 // ============================
 typedef enum {
-    M5IOE1_AW8737A_REFRESH_WAIT = 0,    // 不刷新，等待下一次触发 / No refresh, wait for next trigger
-    M5IOE1_AW8737A_REFRESH_NOW = 1      // 刷新并立即执行 / Refresh and execute immediately
+    M5IOE1_AW8737A_REFRESH_WAIT = 0,    // 不刷新，等待下一次触发
+                                        // No refresh, wait for next trigger
+    M5IOE1_AW8737A_REFRESH_NOW = 1      // 刷新并立即执行
+                                        // Refresh and execute immediately
 } m5ioe1_aw8737a_refresh_t;
 
 // ============================
-// AW8737A 脉冲数量类型 / AW8737A PULSE NUM Types
+// AW8737A 脉冲数量类型
+// AW8737A PULSE NUM Types
 // ============================
 typedef enum {
-    M5IOE1_AW8737A_PULSE_NUM_0 = 0,     // 0 个脉冲 / 0 pulse
-    M5IOE1_AW8737A_PULSE_NUM_1 = 1,     // 1 个脉冲 / 1 pulse
-    M5IOE1_AW8737A_PULSE_NUM_2 = 2,     // 2 个脉冲 / 2 pulses
-    M5IOE1_AW8737A_PULSE_NUM_3 = 3      // 3 个脉冲 / 3 pulses
+    M5IOE1_AW8737A_PULSE_NUM_0 = 0,     // 0 个脉冲
+                                        // 0 pulse
+    M5IOE1_AW8737A_PULSE_NUM_1 = 1,     // 1 个脉冲
+                                        // 1 pulse
+    M5IOE1_AW8737A_PULSE_NUM_2 = 2,     // 2 个脉冲
+                                        // 2 pulses
+    M5IOE1_AW8737A_PULSE_NUM_3 = 3      // 3 个脉冲
+                                        // 3 pulses
 } m5ioe1_aw8737a_pulse_num_t;
 
 // ============================
-// 中断处理模式 / Interrupt Handling Mode
+// 中断处理模式
+// Interrupt Handling Mode
 // ============================
 typedef enum {
-    M5IOE1_INT_MODE_DISABLED = 0,   // 中断处理已禁用 / Interrupt handling disabled
-    M5IOE1_INT_MODE_POLLING,        // 轮询模式（默认）/ Polling mode (default)
-    M5IOE1_INT_MODE_HARDWARE        // 硬件中断模式 / Hardware interrupt mode
+    M5IOE1_INT_MODE_DISABLED = 0,   // 中断处理已禁用
+                                    // Interrupt handling disabled
+    M5IOE1_INT_MODE_POLLING,        // 轮询模式（默认）
+                                    // Polling mode (default)
+    M5IOE1_INT_MODE_HARDWARE        // 硬件中断模式
+                                    // Hardware interrupt mode
 } m5ioe1_int_mode_t;
 
 // ============================
-// 日志级别定义 / Log Level Definitions
+// 日志级别定义
+// Log Level Definitions
 // ============================
 typedef enum {
-    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_NONE = 0,      // 无日志输出 / No log output
-    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR,         // 仅错误消息 / Error messages only
-    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_WARN,          // 警告和错误消息 / Warning and error messages
-    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_INFO,          // 信息、警告和错误消息（默认）/ Info, warning and error messages (default)
-    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG,         // 调试、信息、警告和错误消息 / Debug, info, warning and error messages
-    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE        // 所有消息包括详细输出 / All messages including verbose
+    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_NONE = 0,      // 无日志输出
+                                    // No log output
+    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR,         // 仅错误消息
+                                    // Error messages only
+    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_WARN,          // 警告和错误消息
+                                    // Warning and error messages
+    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_INFO,          // 信息、警告和错误消息（默认）
+                                    // Info, warning and error messages (default)
+    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG,         // 调试、信息、警告和错误消息
+                                    // Debug, info, warning and error messages
+    M5IOE1_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE        // 所有消息包括详细输出
+                                    // All messages including verbose
 } m5ioe1_log_level_t;
 
 // ============================
-// 用于验证的配置类型 / Configuration Type for Validation
+// 用于验证的配置类型
+// Configuration Type for Validation
 // ============================
 typedef enum {
-    M5IOE1_CONFIG_GPIO_INPUT = 0,   // GPIO 输入模式 / GPIO input mode
-    M5IOE1_CONFIG_GPIO_OUTPUT,      // GPIO 输出模式 / GPIO output mode
-    M5IOE1_CONFIG_GPIO_INTERRUPT,   // GPIO 中断模式 / GPIO interrupt mode
-    M5IOE1_CONFIG_ADC,              // ADC 功能 / ADC function
-    M5IOE1_CONFIG_PWM,              // PWM 功能 / PWM function
-    M5IOE1_CONFIG_NEOPIXEL,         // NeoPixel LED 功能（仅 IO14）/ NeoPixel LED function (IO14 only)
-    M5IOE1_CONFIG_I2C_SLEEP         // I2C 睡眠模式配置 / I2C sleep mode configuration
+    M5IOE1_CONFIG_GPIO_INPUT = 0,   // GPIO 输入模式
+                                    // GPIO input mode
+    M5IOE1_CONFIG_GPIO_OUTPUT,      // GPIO 输出模式
+                                    // GPIO output mode
+    M5IOE1_CONFIG_GPIO_INTERRUPT,   // GPIO 中断模式
+                                    // GPIO interrupt mode
+    M5IOE1_CONFIG_ADC,              // ADC 功能
+                                    // ADC function
+    M5IOE1_CONFIG_PWM,              // PWM 功能
+                                    // PWM function
+    M5IOE1_CONFIG_NEOPIXEL,         // NeoPixel LED 功能（仅 IO14）
+                                    // NeoPixel LED function (IO14 only)
+    M5IOE1_CONFIG_I2C_SLEEP         // I2C 睡眠模式配置
+                                    // I2C sleep mode configuration
 } m5ioe1_config_type_t;
 
 // ============================
-// RGB 颜色结构 / RGB Color Structure
+// RGB 颜色结构
+// RGB Color Structure
 // ============================
 typedef struct {
     uint8_t r;
@@ -274,7 +316,8 @@ typedef struct {
 } m5ioe1_rgb_t;
 
 // ============================
-// 配置验证结果 / Configuration Validation Result
+// 配置验证结果
+// Configuration Validation Result
 // ============================
 typedef struct {
     bool valid;
@@ -283,27 +326,38 @@ typedef struct {
 } m5ioe1_validation_t;
 
 // ============================
-// 快照验证结果 / Snapshot Verification Result
+// 快照验证结果
+// Snapshot Verification Result
 // ============================
 typedef struct {
-    bool consistent;            // 如果所有缓存值与硬件寄存器匹配则为 true / true if all cached values match hardware registers
-    bool gpio_mismatch;         // 如果 GPIO 寄存器与缓存不匹配则为 true / true if GPIO registers don't match cache
-    bool pwm_mismatch;          // 如果 PWM 寄存器与缓存不匹配则为 true / true if PWM registers don't match cache
-    bool adc_mismatch;          // 如果 ADC 寄存器与缓存不匹配则为 true / true if ADC registers don't match cache
-    uint16_t expected_mode;     // 缓存的 GPIO 模式寄存器值 / cached GPIO mode register value
-    uint16_t actual_mode;       // 实际的 GPIO 模式寄存器值 / actual GPIO mode register value
-    uint16_t expected_output;   // 缓存的 GPIO 输出寄存器值 / cached GPIO output register value
-    uint16_t actual_output;     // 实际的 GPIO 输出寄存器值 / actual GPIO output register value
+    bool consistent;            // 如果所有缓存值与硬件寄存器匹配则为 true
+                                // true if all cached values match hardware registers
+    bool gpio_mismatch;         // 如果 GPIO 寄存器与缓存不匹配则为 true
+                                // true if GPIO registers don't match cache
+    bool pwm_mismatch;          // 如果 PWM 寄存器与缓存不匹配则为 true
+                                // true if PWM registers don't match cache
+    bool adc_mismatch;          // 如果 ADC 寄存器与缓存不匹配则为 true
+                                // true if ADC registers don't match cache
+    uint16_t expected_mode;     // 缓存的 GPIO 模式寄存器值
+                                // cached GPIO mode register value
+    uint16_t actual_mode;       // 实际的 GPIO 模式寄存器值
+                                // actual GPIO mode register value
+    uint16_t expected_output;   // 缓存的 GPIO 输出寄存器值
+                                // cached GPIO output register value
+    uint16_t actual_output;     // 实际的 GPIO 输出寄存器值
+                                // actual GPIO output register value
 } m5ioe1_snapshot_verify_t;
 
 // ============================
-// 回调类型 / Callback Types
+// 回调类型
+// Callback Types
 // ============================
 typedef void (*m5ioe1_callback_t)(void);
 typedef void (*m5ioe1_callback_arg_t)(void*);
 
 // ============================
-// M5IOE1 类 / M5IOE1 Class
+// M5IOE1 类
+// M5IOE1 Class
 // ============================
 class M5IOE1 {
 public:
@@ -311,7 +365,8 @@ public:
     ~M5IOE1();
 
     // ========================
-    // 初始化 / Initialization
+    // 初始化
+    // Initialization
     // ========================
 #ifdef ARDUINO
     /**
@@ -476,28 +531,32 @@ public:
     static m5ioe1_log_level_t getLogLevel();
 
     // ========================
-    // 设备信息 / Device Information
+    // 设备信息
+    // Device Information
     // ========================
     bool getUID(uint16_t* uid);
     bool getVersion(uint8_t* version);
     bool getRefVoltage(uint16_t* voltage_mv);
 
     // ========================
-    // GPIO 功能（Arduino 风格）/ GPIO Functions (Arduino-style)
+    // GPIO 功能（Arduino 风格）
+    // GPIO Functions (Arduino-style)
     // ========================
     void pinMode(uint8_t pin, uint8_t mode);
     void digitalWrite(uint8_t pin, uint8_t value);
     int digitalRead(uint8_t pin);
 
     // ========================
-    // 高级 GPIO 功能 / Advanced GPIO Functions
+    // 高级 GPIO 功能
+    // Advanced GPIO Functions
     // ========================
     bool setPullMode(uint8_t pin, uint8_t pullMode);
     bool setDriveMode(uint8_t pin, uint8_t driveMode);
     bool getInputState(uint8_t pin, uint8_t* state);
 
     // ========================
-    // 中断功能 / Interrupt Functions
+    // 中断功能
+    // Interrupt Functions
     // ========================
     void attachInterrupt(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_callback_t callback, uint8_t mode);
     void attachInterruptArg(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_callback_arg_t callback, void* arg, uint8_t mode);
@@ -508,7 +567,8 @@ public:
     bool clearInterrupt(uint8_t pin);
 
     // ========================
-    // ADC 功能 / ADC Functions
+    // ADC 功能
+    // ADC Functions
     // ========================
     /**
      * @brief Read ADC value
@@ -521,13 +581,15 @@ public:
     bool disableAdc();
 
     // ========================
-    // 温度传感器 / Temperature Sensor
+    // 温度传感器
+    // Temperature Sensor
     // ========================
     bool readTemperature(uint16_t* temperature);
     bool isTemperatureBusy();
 
     // ========================
-    // PWM 功能 / PWM Functions
+    // PWM 功能
+    // PWM Functions
     // ========================
     /**
      * @brief Set PWM frequency (shared by all channels)
@@ -559,7 +621,8 @@ public:
     bool getPwmDuty(uint8_t channel, uint8_t* duty, bool* polarity, bool* enable);
 
     // ========================
-    // NeoPixel LED 功能 / NeoPixel LED Functions
+    // NeoPixel LED 功能
+    // NeoPixel LED Functions
     // ========================
     bool setLedCount(uint8_t count);
     bool setLedColor(uint8_t index, uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b);
@@ -568,7 +631,8 @@ public:
     bool disableLeds();
 
     // ========================
-    // AW8737A 脉冲功能 / AW8737A Pulse Functions
+    // AW8737A 脉冲功能
+    // AW8737A Pulse Functions
     // ========================
     /**
      * @brief Set AW8737A pulse output configuration
@@ -592,26 +656,30 @@ public:
     bool refreshAw8737aPulse();
 
     // ========================
-    // RTC RAM 功能 / RTC RAM Functions
+    // RTC RAM 功能
+    // RTC RAM Functions
     // ========================
     bool writeRtcRAM(uint8_t offset, const uint8_t* data, uint8_t length);
     bool readRtcRAM(uint8_t offset, uint8_t* data, uint8_t length);
 
     // ========================
-    // 系统配置 / System Configuration
+    // 系统配置
+    // System Configuration
     // ========================
     bool setI2cConfig(uint8_t sleepTime, bool speed400k = false, bool wakeRising = false, bool pullOff = false);
     bool factoryReset();
 
     // ========================
-    // 状态快照功能 / State Snapshot Functions
+    // 状态快照功能
+    // State Snapshot Functions
     // ========================
     void setAutoSnapshot(bool enable);
     bool isAutoSnapshotEnabled() const;
     bool updateSnapshot();
 
     // ========================
-    // 调试功能 / Debug Functions
+    // 调试功能
+    // Debug Functions
     // ========================
     bool getModeReg(uint16_t* reg);
     bool getOutputReg(uint16_t* reg);
@@ -621,7 +689,8 @@ public:
     bool getDriveReg(uint16_t* reg);
 
     // ========================
-    // 配置验证 / Configuration Validation
+    // 配置验证
+    // Configuration Validation
     // ========================
     /**
      * @brief Validate pin configuration before applying
@@ -633,7 +702,8 @@ public:
     m5ioe1_validation_t validateConfig(uint8_t pin, m5ioe1_config_type_t configType, bool enable = true);
 
     // ========================
-    // 快照验证 / Snapshot Verification
+    // 快照验证
+    // Snapshot Verification
     // ========================
     /**
      * @brief Verify that cached state matches actual hardware registers
@@ -642,7 +712,8 @@ public:
     m5ioe1_snapshot_verify_t verifySnapshot();
 
     // ========================
-    // 缓存状态查询函数 / Cached State Query Functions
+    // 缓存状态查询函数
+    // Cached State Query Functions
     // ========================
     /**
      * @brief Get cached PWM frequency
@@ -687,49 +758,68 @@ public:
     void enableDefaultInterruptLog(bool enable);
 
 private:
-    // 设备状态 / Device state
+    // 设备状态
+    // Device state
     uint8_t _addr;
     bool _initialized;
     bool _autoSnapshot;
     bool _enableDefaultIsrLog;
-    uint32_t _requestedSpeed;  // 用户请求的 I2C 速度（用于 400K 切换）/ User requested I2C speed (for 400K switch)
+    uint32_t _requestedSpeed;  // 用户请求的 I2C 速度（用于 400K 切换）
+                            // User requested I2C speed (for 400K switch)
 
-    // 中断模式 / Interrupt mode
+    // 中断模式
+    // Interrupt mode
     m5ioe1_int_mode_t _intMode;
     int8_t _intPin;
     uint32_t _pollingInterval;
 
 #ifdef ARDUINO
     TwoWire *_wire;
-    uint8_t _sda;   // SDA 引脚编号，用于 I2C 重新初始化 / SDA pin number for I2C re-initialization
-    uint8_t _scl;   // SCL 引脚编号，用于 I2C 重新初始化 / SCL pin number for I2C re-initialization
+    uint8_t _sda;   // SDA 引脚编号，用于 I2C 重新初始化
+                    // SDA pin number for I2C re-initialization
+    uint8_t _scl;   // SCL 引脚编号，用于 I2C 重新初始化
+                    // SCL pin number for I2C re-initialization
 #else
-    // I2C 驱动类型选择 / I2C driver type selection
+    // I2C 驱动类型选择
+    // I2C driver type selection
     m5ioe1_i2c_driver_t _i2cDriverType;
 
-    // I2C 句柄（根据驱动类型仅使用一对）/ I2C handles (only one pair is used based on driver type)
-    // M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_SELF_CREATED: 使用 _i2c_master_bus + _i2c_master_dev / uses _i2c_master_bus + _i2c_master_dev
-    // M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_MASTER: 使用 _i2c_master_bus + _i2c_master_dev / uses _i2c_master_bus + _i2c_master_dev
-    // M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_BUS: 使用 _i2c_bus + _i2c_device / uses _i2c_bus + _i2c_device
-    i2c_master_bus_handle_t _i2c_master_bus;  // ESP-IDF 原生驱动/自创建 / ESP-IDF native driver / self-created
-    i2c_master_dev_handle_t _i2c_master_dev;  // ESP-IDF 原生驱动/自创建 / ESP-IDF native driver / self-created
-    i2c_bus_handle_t _i2c_bus;                 // esp-idf-lib 组件 / esp-idf-lib component
-    i2c_bus_device_handle_t _i2c_device;       // esp-idf-lib 组件 / esp-idf-lib component
+    // I2C 句柄（根据驱动类型仅使用一对）
+    // I2C handles (only one pair is used based on driver type)
+    // M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_SELF_CREATED: 使用 _i2c_master_bus + _i2c_master_dev
+    // uses _i2c_master_bus + _i2c_master_dev
+    // M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_MASTER: 使用 _i2c_master_bus + _i2c_master_dev
+    // uses _i2c_master_bus + _i2c_master_dev
+    // M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_BUS: 使用 _i2c_bus + _i2c_device
+    // uses _i2c_bus + _i2c_device
+    i2c_master_bus_handle_t _i2c_master_bus;  // ESP-IDF 原生驱动/自创建
+                                            // ESP-IDF native driver / self-created
+    i2c_master_dev_handle_t _i2c_master_dev;  // ESP-IDF 原生驱动/自创建
+                                            // ESP-IDF native driver / self-created
+    i2c_bus_handle_t _i2c_bus;                 // esp-idf-lib 组件
+                                            // esp-idf-lib component
+    i2c_bus_device_handle_t _i2c_device;       // esp-idf-lib 组件
+                                            // esp-idf-lib component
 
-    // I2C 管理标志 / I2C management flags
-    bool _busExternal;  // 如果总线句柄由外部提供则为 true / true if bus handle is provided externally
+    // I2C 管理标志
+    // I2C management flags
+    bool _busExternal;  // 如果总线句柄由外部提供则为 true
+                        // true if bus handle is provided externally
 
-    // 自创建总线的 I2C 引脚（用于频率切换）/ I2C pins for self-created bus (for frequency switching)
+    // 自创建总线的 I2C 引脚（用于频率切换）
+    // I2C pins for self-created bus (for frequency switching)
     int _sda;
     int _scl;
     i2c_port_t _port;
 
-    // 中断处理 / Interrupt handling
+    // 中断处理
+    // Interrupt handling
     TaskHandle_t _pollTask;
     QueueHandle_t _intrQueue;
 #endif
 
-    // 中断回调 / Interrupt callbacks
+    // 中断回调
+    // Interrupt callbacks
     struct {
         m5ioe1_callback_t callback;
         m5ioe1_callback_arg_t callbackArg;
@@ -738,19 +828,23 @@ private:
         bool rising;
     } _callbacks[M5IOE1_MAX_GPIO_PINS];
 
-    // 缓存的引脚状态 / Cached pin states
+    // 缓存的引脚状态
+    // Cached pin states
     struct {
         bool isOutput;
         uint8_t outputLevel;
         uint8_t inputLevel;
-        uint8_t pull;       // 0:无, 1:上拉, 2:下拉 / 0:none, 1:up, 2:down
-        uint8_t drive;      // 0:推挽, 1:开漏 / 0:push-pull, 1:open-drain
+        uint8_t pull;       // 0:无, 1:上拉, 2:下拉
+                            // 0:none, 1:up, 2:down
+        uint8_t drive;      // 0:推挽, 1:开漏
+                            // 0:push-pull, 1:open-drain
         bool intrEnabled;
         bool intrRising;
     } _pinStates[M5IOE1_MAX_GPIO_PINS];
     bool _pinStatesValid;
 
-    // 缓存的 PWM 状态 / Cached PWM states
+    // 缓存的 PWM 状态
+    // Cached PWM states
     struct {
         uint16_t duty12;
         bool enabled;
@@ -759,7 +853,8 @@ private:
     uint16_t _pwmFrequency;
     bool _pwmStatesValid;
 
-    // 缓存的 ADC 状态 / Cached ADC state
+    // 缓存的 ADC 状态
+    // Cached ADC state
     struct {
         uint8_t activeChannel;
         bool busy;
@@ -767,21 +862,28 @@ private:
     } _adcState;
     bool _adcStateValid;
 
-    // 缓存的 I2C 配置状态（用于睡眠模式检测）/ Cached I2C config state (for sleep mode detection)
+    // 缓存的 I2C 配置状态（用于睡眠模式检测）
+    // Cached I2C config state (for sleep mode detection)
     struct {
-        uint8_t sleepTime;      // 0=禁用, 1-15=睡眠时间 / 0=disabled, 1-15=sleep time
-        bool speed400k;         // I2C 速度模式 / I2C speed mode
-        bool wakeRising;        // 唤醒边沿模式 / Wake edge mode
-        bool pullOff;           // 内部上拉关闭 / Internal pull-up off
+        uint8_t sleepTime;      // 0=禁用, 1-15=睡眠时间
+                                // 0=disabled, 1-15=sleep time
+        bool speed400k;         // I2C 速度模式
+                                // I2C speed mode
+        bool wakeRising;        // 唤醒边沿模式
+                                // Wake edge mode
+        bool pullOff;           // 内部上拉关闭
+                                // Internal pull-up off
     } _i2cConfig;
     bool _i2cConfigValid;
 
-    // NeoPixel 状态 / NeoPixel state
+    // NeoPixel 状态
+    // NeoPixel state
     uint8_t _ledCount;
     bool _ledEnabled;
 
     // ========================
-    // 内部辅助函数 / Internal Helper Functions
+    // 内部辅助函数
+    // Internal Helper Functions
     // ========================
     bool _writeReg(uint8_t reg, uint8_t value);
     bool _writeReg16(uint8_t reg, uint16_t value);
@@ -807,15 +909,18 @@ private:
     bool _initDevice();
     void _handleInterrupt();
 
-    // I2C 频率验证和切换 / I2C frequency validation and switching
+    // I2C 频率验证和切换
+    // I2C frequency validation and switching
     bool _isValidI2cFrequency(uint32_t speed);
     bool _switchTo400K();
 
-    // 中断互斥对检查 / Interrupt mutex pairs check
+    // 中断互斥对检查
+    // Interrupt mutex pairs check
     static bool _pinsConflict(uint8_t a, uint8_t b);
     bool _hasConflictingInterrupt(uint8_t pin);
 
-    // 配置验证辅助函数 / Configuration validation helpers
+    // 配置验证辅助函数
+    // Configuration validation helpers
     bool _getInterruptMutexPin(uint8_t pin, uint8_t* mutexPin);
     bool _isNeopixelPin(uint8_t pin);
     bool _hasActiveInterrupt(uint8_t pin);
@@ -824,17 +929,20 @@ private:
     bool _hasI2cSleepEnabled();
     bool _isLedEnabled();
 
-    // I2C 配置快照 / I2C config snapshot
+    // I2C 配置快照
+    // I2C config snapshot
     void _clearI2cConfig();
     bool _snapshotI2cConfig();
 
 #ifdef ARDUINO
-    // Arduino 专用 / Arduino specific
+    // Arduino 专用
+    // Arduino specific
     bool _setupPollingArduino();
     void _cleanupPollingArduino();
     static void _pollTaskArduino(void* arg);
 #else
-    // ESP-IDF 专用 / ESP-IDF specific
+    // ESP-IDF 专用
+    // ESP-IDF specific
     static void _pollTaskFunc(void* arg);
     static void IRAM_ATTR _isrHandler(void* arg);
     bool _setupHardwareInterrupt();
diff --git a/src/M5IOE1_i2c_compat.h b/src/M5IOE1_i2c_compat.h
index 39dd858..9f80254 100644
--- a/src/M5IOE1_i2c_compat.h
+++ b/src/M5IOE1_i2c_compat.h
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
 #include "Wire.h"
 
 // ============================
-// Arduino I2C 功能 / Arduino I2C Functions
+// Arduino I2C 功能
+// Arduino I2C Functions
 // ============================
 
 #ifndef M5IOE1_I2C_READ_BYTE
@@ -57,7 +58,8 @@ static inline bool M5IOE1_I2C_READ_REG16(TwoWire *wire, uint8_t addr, uint8_t re
     if (!M5IOE1_I2C_READ_BYTES(wire, addr, reg, 2, buf)) {
         return false;
     }
-    // 小端模式：低字节在前 / Little-endian: low byte first
+    // 小端模式：低字节在前
+    // Little-endian: low byte first
     *data = (uint16_t)buf[0] | ((uint16_t)buf[1] << 8);
     return true;
 }
@@ -92,7 +94,8 @@ static inline bool M5IOE1_I2C_WRITE_BYTES(TwoWire *wire, uint8_t addr, uint8_t s
 #ifndef M5IOE1_I2C_WRITE_REG16
 static inline bool M5IOE1_I2C_WRITE_REG16(TwoWire *wire, uint8_t addr, uint8_t reg, uint16_t data) {
     uint8_t buf[2];
-    // 小端模式：低字节在前 / Little-endian: low byte first
+    // 小端模式：低字节在前
+    // Little-endian: low byte first
     buf[0] = (uint8_t)(data & 0xFF);
     buf[1] = (uint8_t)((data >> 8) & 0xFF);
     return M5IOE1_I2C_WRITE_BYTES(wire, addr, reg, 2, buf);
@@ -110,17 +113,23 @@ extern "C" {
 #endif
 
 // ============================
-// I2C 驱动类型选择 / I2C Driver Type Selection
+// I2C 驱动类型选择
+// I2C Driver Type Selection
 // ============================
 typedef enum {
-    M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_NONE = 0,     // 未初始化 / Not initialized
-    M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_SELF_CREATED, // 使用 i2c_port_t 自创建 / Self-created using i2c_port_t
-    M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_MASTER,       // ESP-IDF 原生 i2c_master 驱动 / ESP-IDF native i2c_master driver
-    M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_BUS           // esp-idf-lib i2c_bus 组件 / esp-idf-lib i2c_bus component
+    M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_NONE = 0,     // 未初始化
+                                    // Not initialized
+    M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_SELF_CREATED, // 使用 i2c_port_t 自创建
+                                    // Self-created using i2c_port_t
+    M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_MASTER,       // ESP-IDF 原生 i2c_master 驱动
+                                    // ESP-IDF native i2c_master driver
+    M5IOE1_I2C_DRIVER_BUS           // esp-idf-lib i2c_bus 组件
+                                    // esp-idf-lib i2c_bus component
 } m5ioe1_i2c_driver_t;
 
 // ============================
-// ESP-IDF I2C 函数  / ESP-IDF I2C Functions (i2c_bus)
+// ESP-IDF I2C 函数 (i2c_bus)
+// ESP-IDF I2C Functions (i2c_bus)
 // ============================
 
 #ifndef M5IOE1_I2C_READ_BYTE
@@ -140,7 +149,8 @@ static inline esp_err_t M5IOE1_I2C_READ_REG16(i2c_bus_device_handle_t dev, uint8
     uint8_t buf[2];
     esp_err_t ret = i2c_bus_read_bytes(dev, reg, 2, buf);
     if (ret == ESP_OK) {
-        // 小端模式：低字节在前 / Little-endian: low byte first
+        // 小端模式：低字节在前
+        // Little-endian: low byte first
         *data = (uint16_t)buf[0] | ((uint16_t)buf[1] << 8);
     }
     return ret;
@@ -162,7 +172,8 @@ static inline esp_err_t M5IOE1_I2C_WRITE_BYTES(i2c_bus_device_handle_t dev, uint
 #ifndef M5IOE1_I2C_WRITE_REG16
 static inline esp_err_t M5IOE1_I2C_WRITE_REG16(i2c_bus_device_handle_t dev, uint8_t reg, uint16_t data) {
     uint8_t buf[2];
-    // 小端模式：低字节在前 / Little-endian: low byte first
+    // 小端模式：低字节在前
+    // Little-endian: low byte first
     buf[0] = (uint8_t)(data & 0xFF);
     buf[1] = (uint8_t)((data >> 8) & 0xFF);
     return i2c_bus_write_bytes(dev, reg, 2, buf);
@@ -170,7 +181,8 @@ static inline esp_err_t M5IOE1_I2C_WRITE_REG16(i2c_bus_device_handle_t dev, uint
 #endif
 
 // ============================
-// ESP-IDF I2C 函数 (i2c_master - 原生驱动) / ESP-IDF I2C Functions (i2c_master - native driver)
+// ESP-IDF I2C 函数 (i2c_master - 原生驱动)
+// ESP-IDF I2C Functions (i2c_master - native driver)
 // ============================
 
 #ifndef M5IOE1_I2C_MASTER_READ_BYTE
@@ -190,7 +202,8 @@ static inline esp_err_t M5IOE1_I2C_MASTER_READ_REG16(i2c_master_dev_handle_t dev
     uint8_t buf[2];
     esp_err_t ret = i2c_master_transmit_receive(dev, &reg, 1, buf, 2, -1);
     if (ret == ESP_OK) {
-        // 小端模式：低字节在前 / Little-endian: low byte first
+        // 小端模式：低字节在前
+        // Little-endian: low byte first
         *data = (uint16_t)buf[0] | ((uint16_t)buf[1] << 8);
     }
     return ret;
@@ -206,7 +219,8 @@ static inline esp_err_t M5IOE1_I2C_MASTER_WRITE_BYTE(i2c_master_dev_handle_t dev
 
 #ifndef M5IOE1_I2C_MASTER_WRITE_BYTES
 static inline esp_err_t M5IOE1_I2C_MASTER_WRITE_BYTES(i2c_master_dev_handle_t dev, uint8_t start_reg, size_t len, const uint8_t *data) {
-    // 需要在数据前添加寄存器地址 / Need to prepend register address
+    // 需要在数据前添加寄存器地址
+    // Need to prepend register address
     uint8_t *buf = (uint8_t*)malloc(len + 1);
     if (buf == NULL) return ESP_ERR_NO_MEM;
     buf[0] = start_reg;
@@ -221,7 +235,8 @@ static inline esp_err_t M5IOE1_I2C_MASTER_WRITE_BYTES(i2c_master_dev_handle_t de
 static inline esp_err_t M5IOE1_I2C_MASTER_WRITE_REG16(i2c_master_dev_handle_t dev, uint8_t reg, uint16_t data) {
     uint8_t buf[3];
     buf[0] = reg;
-    // 小端模式：低字节在前 / Little-endian: low byte first
+    // 小端模式：低字节在前
+    // Little-endian: low byte first
     buf[1] = (uint8_t)(data & 0xFF);
     buf[2] = (uint8_t)((data >> 8) & 0xFF);
     return i2c_master_transmit(dev, buf, 3, -1);