The nointxmask and disable_idle_d3 module parameters remain writable,
but vfio-pci now latches their values into each device at init. Once a
device is registered, changing the module parameter only affects future
devices, leaving no direct way to confirm the effective policy for an
existing device.
Add a pci debugfs directory under the VFIO device debugfs root and
report the per-device nointxmask and disable_idle_d3 values. These are
read-only debugfs views and use the same Y/N bool output convention as
the module parameters.
Read-only vfio-pci parameters, such as disable_vga, are not exposed here
because they cannot drift from the latched device value, therefore the
existing module parameter exposure via sysfs is sufficient.
Note that while only vfio-pci currently provides these options, the
implementation is in vfio-pci-core and therefore properly reflects the
device policy in the core, regardless of driver.
Assisted-by: OpenAI Codex:gpt-5
Cc: Guixin Liu <kanie@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260615191241.688297-7-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
VFIO device debugfs files created with debugfs_create_devm_seqfile()
store a devres allocated debugfs_devm_entry as inode private data.
vfio_unregister_group_dev() currently calls vfio_device_del() before
vfio_device_debugfs_exit(), but device_del() releases devres. This can
leave debugfs entries visible with stale inode private data while
unregister waits for userspace references to drain.
Remove the per-device debugfs tree before vfio_device_del(). The debugfs
view is diagnostic only, so losing it at the start of unregister is
preferable to preserving entries whose backing storage may already have
been released.
Complete the teardown by clearing the per-device debugfs root after
removal. This matches the global debugfs root cleanup and prevents
future users from mistaking a removed dentry for a live debugfs tree
during the remainder of unregister.
Fixes: 2202844e44 ("vfio/migration: Add debugfs to live migration driver")
Reported-by: Sashiko AI Review <sashiko-bot@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260615192725.6A2221F000E9@smtp.kernel.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Longfang Liu <liulongfang@huawei.com>
Assisted-by: OpenAI Codex:gpt-5
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260615204717.735302-1-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
The vfio-pci module parameters of disable_idle_d3, nointxmask, and
disable_vga latch vfio-pci policy into vfio-pci-core globals each time
the vfio-pci module is initialized. The disable_idle_d3 parameter has
already migrated to a per-device flag in order to provide consistency
for refcounted PM operations for the lifetime of the device
registration.
Pull the remaining vfio-pci module-parameter policy out of vfio-pci-core
into per-device flags set at device initialization.
This also restores the mutable aspect of the disable_idle_d3 and
nointxmask module parameters for vfio-pci, with the caveat that the
parameters are latched into the device at probe.
A notable change for variant drivers is that their devices are no longer
affected by vfio-pci module parameters and those drivers may need to
adopt similar module parameters if any devices have a hidden dependency
on vfio-pci setting non-default policy.
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-8
Acked-by: Chengwen Feng <fengchengwen@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260615191241.688297-6-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
Bitfield operations are not atomic, they use a read-modify-write
pattern, therefore we should be careful not to pack bitfields that
can be concurrently updated into the same storage unit.
This split takes a binary approach: flags that are only modified
pre/post open/close remain bitfields, flags modified from user
action, including actions that reach across to another device (ex.
reset) use dedicated storage units.
Note mlx5_vhca_page_tracker.status is relocated to fill the alignment
hole this split exposes.
Bitfield justifications:
migrate_cap: written only in mlx5vf_cmd_set_migratable() at probe
chunk_mode: written only in mlx5vf_cmd_set_migratable() at probe
mig_state_cap: written only in mlx5vf_cmd_set_migratable() at probe
Dedicated storage units:
mdev_detach: written in the VF attach/detach event notifier
mlx5fv_vf_event() at runtime
log_active: written in mlx5vf_start_page_tracker()/
mlx5vf_stop_page_tracker() during runtime dirty tracking
deferred_reset: written in mlx5vf_state_mutex_unlock()/
mlx5vf_pci_aer_reset_done() during runtime reset handling
is_err: set by tracker error handling and dirty-log polling at runtime
object_changed: set by tracker event handling and cleared by dirty-log
polling at runtime
Fixes: 61a2f1460f ("vfio/mlx5: Manage the VF attach/detach callback from the PF")
Fixes: 79c3cf2799 ("vfio/mlx5: Init QP based resources for dirty tracking")
Fixes: f886473071 ("vfio/mlx5: Add support for tracker object change event")
Cc: Yishai Hadas <yishaih@nvidia.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-8
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260615191241.688297-5-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
The re-order in the Fixes commit below displaced vfio_pci_vga_init() as
the last failure point of what is now vfio_pci_core_register_device()
without introducing an unwind for the VGA arbiter registration.
In current kernels this is mostly benign because vfio_pci_set_decode()
only uses pci_dev state, but the original failure path could leave a
callback with a freed vdev cookie. The stale registration also becomes
unsafe again once the callback follows drvdata to the vfio device.
Add the required VGA unwind callout.
Fixes: 4aeec3984d ("vfio/pci: Re-order vfio_pci_probe()")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-8
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260615191241.688297-3-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
When disable_idle_d3 was introduced in vfio-pci, it directly manipulated
the device power state with pci_set_power_state(). There were no
refcounts to maintain or balanced operations, we could unconditionally
bring the device to D0 and conditionally move it to D3hot. Therefore
the module parameter was made writable.
Later, in commit c61302aa48 ("vfio/pci: Move module parameters to
vfio_pci.c"), as part of the vfio-pci-core split, the writable aspect
of the module parameter was nullified. The parameter value could still
be changed through sysfs, but the vfio-pci driver latched the values
into vfio-pci-core globals at module init. Loading the vfio-pci module,
or unloading and reloading, with non-default or different values could
change the globals relative to existing devices bound to vfio-pci
variant drivers.
Runtime PM was introduced in commit 7ab5e10eda ("vfio/pci: Move the
unused device into low power state with runtime PM"), which marks the
point where power states became refcounted. PM get and put operations
need to be balanced, but the same module operations noted above can
change the global variables relative to those devices already bound to
vfio-pci variant drivers. This introduces a window where PM operations
can now become unbalanced.
To resolve this with a narrow footprint for stable backports, the
disable_idle_d3 flag is latched into the vfio_pci_core_device at the
time of initialization, such that the device always operates with a
consistent value.
NB. vfio_pci_dev_set_try_reset() now unconditionally raises the
runtime PM usage count around bus reset to account for disable_idle_d3
becoming a per-device rather than global flag. When this flag is set,
the additional get/put pair is harmless and allows continued use of the
shared vfio_pci_dev_set_pm_runtime_get() helper.
Fixes: 7ab5e10eda ("vfio/pci: Move the unused device into low power state with runtime PM")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-8
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260615191241.688297-2-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
qat_vf_resume_write() checks filp->f_pos before taking migf->lock, but
copies into the migration-state buffer after taking the lock and
re-reading the shared file position.
Two concurrent writers could therefore pass the bounds check with the
old offset, then have the second writer copy after the first advanced
f_pos, writing past the end of the migration-state buffer.
Take migf->lock before doing the boundary checks.
Fixes: bb208810b1 ("vfio/qat: Add vfio_pci driver for Intel QAT SR-IOV VF devices")
Reviewed-by: Ahsan Atta <ahsan.atta@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Giovanni Cabiddu <giovanni.cabiddu@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260608151317.136613-1-giovanni.cabiddu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
vfio_mig_get_next_state() walks vfio_from_fsm_table[] one step at a time,
looping to skip optional states the device does not support until
*next_fsm is supported. A blocked transition is encoded as
VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_ERROR, which the trailing return reports as -EINVAL.
The skip loop does not account for the ERROR sentinel.
state_flags_table[ERROR] is ~0U and vfio_from_fsm_table[ERROR][*] is
ERROR, so once *next_fsm becomes ERROR the loop condition stays true and
*next_fsm never changes. The blocked arcs STOP_COPY -> PRE_COPY and
STOP_COPY -> PRE_COPY_P2P map to ERROR yet pass the support check on a
precopy-capable device, causing the loop to spin forever while holding
the driver state mutex. This can result in a soft lockup, and a panic
with softlockup_panic set.
Terminate the skip loop on the ERROR sentinel so a blocked transition
falls through to the existing return and reports -EINVAL.
Fixes: 4db52602a6 ("vfio: Extend the device migration protocol with PRE_COPY")
Reported-by: Yuhao Jiang <danisjiang@gmail.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Junrui Luo <moonafterrain@outlook.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/SYBPR01MB7881290BBDE79B61AE6A017FAF122@SYBPR01MB7881.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
Add a CXL DVSEC-based readiness check for Blackwell-Next GPUs alongside
the existing legacy BAR0 polling path. The CXL Device DVSEC offset is
discovered at probe time. Probe, fault and read/write paths then branch
on that to use either the legacy BAR0 polling or the CXL DVSEC polling.
The CXL path polls Memory_Active, requiring MEM_INFO_VALID within 1s and
MEM_ACTIVE within Memory_Active_Timeout (up to 256s) as per CXL spec r4.0
sec 8.1.3.8.2. Given the long worst-case wait, the CXL poll runs outside
memory_lock with only a quick readiness check is done under the lock.
The poll loops sleep with schedule_timeout_killable() and return -EINTR
on a fatal signal. This avoids hung-task panics during the long
uninterruptible wait. Extend this to the legacy based wait as well for
improvement.
In the fault handler the wait runs locklessly before memory_lock. If a
reset races in, the in-lock recheck returns -EAGAIN and the wait is
retried rather than returning a spurious VM_FAULT_SIGBUS.
Add PCI_DVSEC_CXL_MEM_ACTIVE_TIMEOUT to pci_regs.h for the timeout field.
Cc: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Suggested-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
Signed-off-by: Ankit Agrawal <ankita@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260602063015.3915-1-ankita@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
xe_vfio_pci_reset_done() sets deferred_reset and, when it manages to
acquire state_mutex itself, hands the cleanup off to
xe_vfio_pci_state_mutex_unlock().
That helper already clears deferred_reset and runs xe_vfio_pci_reset()
before dropping the mutex. Calling xe_vfio_pci_reset() again right
afterwards repeats the reset handling unnecessarily.
Fixes: 1f5556ec8b ("vfio/xe: Add device specific vfio_pci driver variant for Intel graphics")
Signed-off-by: GuoHan Zhao <zhaoguohan@kylinos.cn>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Acked-by: Michał Winiarski <michal.winiarski@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260427012128.117051-1-zhaoguohan@kylinos.cn
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
Since "vfio/pci: Set up barmap in vfio_pci_core_enable()", the
resource request and iomap for the BARs was performed early, and
vfio_pci_core_setup_barmap() just checks those actions succeeded.
Move this logic to a new helper that checks success and returns the
iomap address, replacing the various bare vdev->barmap[] lookups.
This maintains the error behaviour of the previous on-demand
vfio_pci_core_setup_barmap() scheme.
Signed-off-by: Matt Evans <mattev@meta.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260511145829.2993601-4-mattev@meta.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
A DMABUF exports access to BAR resources and, although they are
requested at startup time, we need to ensure they really were reserved
before exporting. Otherwise, it's possible to access unreserved
resources through the export.
Add a check to the DMABUF-creation path.
Fixes: 5d74781ebc ("vfio/pci: Add dma-buf export support for MMIO regions")
Signed-off-by: Matt Evans <mattev@meta.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260511145829.2993601-3-mattev@meta.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
Previously BAR resource requests and the corresponding pci_iomap()
were performed on-demand and without synchronisation, which was racy.
Rather than add synchronisation, it's simplest to address this by
doing both activities from vfio_pci_core_enable().
The resource allocation and/or pci_iomap() can still fail; their
status is tracked and existing calls to vfio_pci_core_setup_barmap()
will fail in a similar way to before. This keeps the point of failure
as observed by userspace the same, i.e. failures to request/map unused
BARs are benign.
Fixes: 89e1f7d4c6 ("vfio: Add PCI device driver")
Signed-off-by: Matt Evans <mattev@meta.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260511145829.2993601-2-mattev@meta.com
[ERR_PTR -> IOMEM_ERR_PTR per lkp report]
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
vfio_pci_dma_buf_move(revoked=true) and vfio_pci_dma_buf_cleanup()
ran the same drain sequence: set priv->revoked, invalidate mappings,
wait for fences, drop the registered kref, wait for completion.
When the VFIO device fd was closed after PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY had been
cleared, both ran in turn -- the second kref_put underflowed and the
subsequent wait_for_completion() blocked on a completion that the
first run had already consumed:
refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.
WARNING: lib/refcount.c:28 at refcount_warn_saturate+0x59/0x90
Call Trace:
vfio_pci_dma_buf_cleanup+0x163/0x168 [vfio_pci_core]
vfio_pci_core_close_device+0x67/0xe0 [vfio_pci_core]
vfio_df_close+0x4c/0x80 [vfio]
vfio_df_group_close+0x36/0x80 [vfio]
vfio_device_fops_release+0x21/0x40 [vfio]
__fput+0xe6/0x2b0
__x64_sys_close+0x3d/0x80
Collapse the duplication: vfio_pci_dma_buf_cleanup() now delegates
the drain to vfio_pci_dma_buf_move(true), which is idempotent for
already-revoked dma-bufs. cleanup retains only list removal and
the device registration drop; the dma_resv_lock that bracketed
those is dropped along with the in-line drain that required it,
memory_lock continues to protect them.
Re-arm the kref and the completion at the end of move()'s revoke
branch so post-revoke state matches post-creation (kref == 1,
completion ready). This keeps cleanup's call into move() a no-op
when revoke already ran, and replaces the explicit kref_init() that
the un-revoke branch used to perform for the un-revoke -> remap
path.
Fixes: 1a8a5227f2 ("vfio: Wait for dma-buf invalidation to complete")
Reported-by: Joonas Kylmälä <joonas.kylmala@netum.fi>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/GVXPR02MB12019AA6014F27EF5D773E89BFB372@GVXPR02MB12019.eurprd02.prod.outlook.com/
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-7
Reviewed-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260507143548.1018405-1-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
struct vfio_cdx_device carries three fields that track whether MSI has
been configured: vdev->cdx_irqs (the allocated vector array), vdev->
msi_count (the array length), and vdev->config_msi (a boolean flag).
The three are set together when vfio_cdx_msi_enable() succeeds and
cleared together by vfio_cdx_msi_disable(). However, the error paths
in vfio_cdx_msi_enable() free the cdx_irqs allocation on failure
without resetting the pointer, leaving it stale and skewed from the
other two fields until the next enable call overwrites it.
Clear vdev->cdx_irqs to NULL alongside the kfree() in both error paths
so the pointer consistently reflects the configured state. With that
invariant restored and access to the MSI state serialized by
cdx_irqs_lock, vdev->config_msi is fully redundant with
(vdev->cdx_irqs != NULL). Drop the config_msi field and switch all
readers to test cdx_irqs directly.
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-7
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Nikhil Agarwal <nikhil.agarwal@amd.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260417202800.88287-4-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
vfio_cdx_set_msi_trigger() reads vdev->config_msi and operates on the
vdev->cdx_irqs array based on its value, but provides no serialization
against concurrent VFIO_DEVICE_SET_IRQS ioctls. Two callers can race
such that one observes config_msi as set while another clears it and
frees cdx_irqs via vfio_cdx_msi_disable(), resulting in a use-after-free
of the cdx_irqs array.
Add a cdx_irqs_lock mutex to struct vfio_cdx_device and acquire it in
vfio_cdx_set_msi_trigger(), which is the single chokepoint through
which all updates to config_msi, cdx_irqs, and msi_count flow, covering
both the ioctl path and the close-device cleanup path. This keeps the
test of config_msi atomic with the subsequent enable, disable, or
trigger operations.
Drop the pre-call !cdx_irqs test from vfio_cdx_irqs_cleanup() as part
of this change: the optimization it provided is redundant with the
!config_msi early-return inside vfio_cdx_msi_disable(), and leaving the
test in place would be an unsynchronized read of state the new lock is
meant to protect.
Fixes: 848e447e00 ("vfio/cdx: add interrupt support")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-7
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Nikhil Agarwal <nikhil.agarwal@amd.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260417202800.88287-3-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
Add validation to ensure MSI is configured before accessing cdx_irqs
array in vfio_cdx_set_msi_trigger(). Without this check, userspace
can trigger a NULL pointer dereference by calling VFIO_DEVICE_SET_IRQS
with VFIO_IRQ_SET_DATA_BOOL or VFIO_IRQ_SET_DATA_NONE flags before
ever setting up interrupts via VFIO_IRQ_SET_DATA_EVENTFD.
The vfio_cdx_msi_enable() function allocates the cdx_irqs array and
sets config_msi to 1 only when called through the EVENTFD path. The
trigger loop (for DATA_BOOL/DATA_NONE) assumed this had already been
done, but there was no enforcement of this call ordering.
This matches the protection used in the PCI VFIO driver where
vfio_pci_set_msi_trigger() checks irq_is() before the trigger loop.
Fixes: 848e447e00 ("vfio/cdx: add interrupt support")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Prasanna Kumar T S M <ptsm@linux.microsoft.com>
Acked-by: Nipun Gupta <nipun.gupta@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Nikhil Agarwal <nikhil.agarwal@amd.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260417202800.88287-2-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
Convert migf->lock acquisitions in virtiovf_disable_fd() and
virtiovf_save_read() to use guard(). In virtiovf_save_read() this
eliminates the out_unlock label and multiple goto paths by allowing
direct returns, and removes the need for the done variable to double
as an error carrier.
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-6
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Yishai Hadas <yishaih@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260414200625.3601509-4-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
The list_lock spinlock with IRQ disabling was copied from the mlx5
vfio-pci variant driver, where it is justified by a hardirq async
command completion callback that accesses the protected lists. The
virtio driver has no such interrupt context usage; all list_lock
acquisitions occur in process context via file read/write operations
or state transitions under state_mutex.
Convert list_lock to a mutex to be consistent with peer vfio-pci
variant drivers (hisilicon, pds, qat, xe) which all use mutexes for
equivalent migration data protection. This also fixes a mismatched
spin_lock()/spin_unlock_irq() pair in virtiovf_read_device_context_chunk()
that could incorrectly enable interrupts.
Reported-by: Jinhui Guo <guojinhui.liam@bytedance.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260413073603.30538-1-guojinhui.liam@bytedance.com
Fixes: 0bbc82e4ec ("vfio/virtio: Add support for the basic live migration functionality")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-6
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Yishai Hadas <yishaih@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260414200625.3601509-2-alex.williamson@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
On device shutdown, make vfio_pci_core_close_device() call
vfio_pci_dma_buf_cleanup() before the function is disabled via
vfio_pci_core_disable(). This ensures that all access via DMABUFs is
revoked before the function's BARs become inaccessible.
This fixes an issue where, if the function is disabled first, a tiny
window exists in which the function's MSE is cleared and yet BARs
could still be accessed via the DMABUF. The resources would also be
freed and up for grabs by a different driver.
Fixes: 5d74781ebc ("vfio/pci: Add dma-buf export support for MMIO regions")
Signed-off-by: Matt Evans <mattev@meta.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Leon Romanovsky <leonro@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260415181752.1027604-1-mattev@meta.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>