Convert the ->flowic_tos field of struct flowi_common from __u8 to
dscp_t, rename it ->flowic_dscp and propagate these changes to struct
flowi and struct flowi4.
We've had several bugs in the past where ECN bits could interfere with
IPv4 routing, because these bits were not properly cleared when setting
->flowi4_tos. These bugs should be fixed now and the dscp_t type has
been introduced to ensure that variables carrying DSCP values don't
accidentally have any ECN bits set. Several variables and structure
fields have been converted to dscp_t already, but the main IPv4 routing
structure, struct flowi4, is still using a __u8. To avoid any future
regression, this patch converts it to dscp_t.
There are many users to convert at once. Fortunately, around half of
->flowi4_tos users already have a dscp_t value at hand, which they
currently convert to __u8 using inet_dscp_to_dsfield(). For all of
these users, we just need to drop that conversion.
But, although we try to do the __u8 <-> dscp_t conversions at the
boundaries of the network or of user space, some places still store
TOS/DSCP variables as __u8 in core networking code. Those can hardly be
converted either because the data structure is part of UAPI or because
the same variable or field is also used for handling ECN in other parts
of the code. In all of these cases where we don't have a dscp_t
variable at hand, we need to use inet_dsfield_to_dscp() when
interacting with ->flowi4_dscp.
Changes since v1:
* Fix space alignment in __bpf_redirect_neigh_v4() (Ido).
Signed-off-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/29acecb45e911d17446b9a3dbdb1ab7b821ea371.1756128932.git.gnault@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Load balance new TCP connections across nexthops also when they
connect to the same service at a single remote address and port.
This affects only port-based multipath hashing:
fib_multipath_hash_policy 1 or 3.
Local connections must choose both a source address and port when
connecting to a remote service, in ip_route_connect. This
"chicken-and-egg problem" (commit 2d7192d6cb ("ipv4: Sanitize and
simplify ip_route_{connect,newports}()")) is resolved by first
selecting a source address, by looking up a route using the zero
wildcard source port and address.
As a result multiple connections to the same destination address and
port have no entropy in fib_multipath_hash.
This is not a problem when forwarding, as skb-based hashing has a
4-tuple. Nor when establishing UDP connections, as autobind there
selects a port before reaching ip_route_connect.
Load balance also TCP, by using a random port in fib_multipath_hash.
Port assignment in inet_hash_connect is not atomic with
ip_route_connect. Thus ports are unpredictable, effectively random.
Implementation details:
Do not actually pass a random fl4_sport, as that affects not only
hashing, but routing more broadly, and can match a source port based
policy route, which existing wildcard port 0 will not. Instead,
define a new wildcard flowi flag that is used only for hashing.
Selecting a random source is equivalent to just selecting a random
hash entirely. But for code clarity, follow the normal 4-tuple hash
process and only update this field.
fib_multipath_hash can be reached with zero sport from other code
paths, so explicitly pass this flowi flag, rather than trying to infer
this case in the function itself.
Signed-off-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250424143549.669426-3-willemdebruijn.kernel@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
IPv4 code commonly has to initialise a flowi4 structure from an IPv4
socket. This requires looking at potential IPv4 options to set the
proper destination address, call flowi4_init_output() with the correct
set of parameters and run the sk_classify_flow security hook.
Instead of reimplementing these operations in different parts of the
stack, let's define inet_sk_init_flowi4() which does all these
operations.
The first user is inet_sk_rebuild_header(), where inet_sk_init_flowi4()
replaces ip_route_output_ports(). Unlike ip_route_output_ports(), which
sets the flowi4 structure and performs the route lookup in one go,
inet_sk_init_flowi4() only initialises the flow. The route lookup is
then done by ip_route_output_flow(). Decoupling flow initialisation
from route lookup makes this new interface applicable more broadly as
it will allow some users to overwrite specific struct flowi4 members
before the route lookup.
Signed-off-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/fd416275262b1f518d5abfcef740ce4f4a1a6522.1734357769.git.gnault@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
We already have enough variants of ip_route_output*() functions. We
don't need a GRE specific one in the generic route.h header file.
Furthermore, ip_route_output_gre() is only used once, in ipgre_open(),
where it can be easily replaced by a simple call to
ip_route_output_key().
While there, and for clarity, explicitly set .flowi4_scope to
RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE instead of relying on the implicit zero
initialisation.
Signed-off-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Swiatkowski <michal.swiatkowski@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/ab7cba47b8558cd4bfe2dc843c38b622a95ee48e.1734527729.git.gnault@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
In this commit, we make ip_route_use_hint() return drop reasons. The
drop reasons that we return are similar to what we do in
ip_route_input_slow(), and no drop reasons are added in this commit.
Signed-off-by: Menglong Dong <dongml2@chinatelecom.cn>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
In this commit, we make ip_route_input() return skb drop reasons that come
from ip_route_input_noref().
Meanwhile, adjust all the call to it.
Signed-off-by: Menglong Dong <dongml2@chinatelecom.cn>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
In this commit, we make ip_route_input_noref() return drop reasons, which
come from ip_route_input_rcu().
We need adjust the callers of ip_route_input_noref() to make sure the
return value of ip_route_input_noref() is used properly.
The errno that ip_route_input_noref() returns comes from ip_route_input
and bpf_lwt_input_reroute in the origin logic, and we make them return
-EINVAL on error instead. In the following patch, we will make
ip_route_input() returns drop reasons too.
Signed-off-by: Menglong Dong <dongml2@chinatelecom.cn>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
Make ip_mc_validate_source() return drop reason, and adjust the call of
it in ip_route_input_mc().
Another caller of it is ip_rcv_finish_core->udp_v4_early_demux, and the
errno is not checked in detail, so we don't do more adjustment for it.
The drop reason "SKB_DROP_REASON_IP_LOCALNET" is added in this commit.
Signed-off-by: Menglong Dong <dongml2@chinatelecom.cn>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
Convert the "tos" parameter of ip_route_output() to dscp_t. This way
we'll have a dscp_t value directly available when .flowi4_tos will
eventually be converted to dscp_t.
All ip_route_output() callers but one set this "tos" parameter to 0 and
therefore don't need to be adapted to the new prototype.
Only br_nf_pre_routing_finish() needs conversion. It can just use
ip4h_dscp() to get the DSCP field from the IPv4 header.
Signed-off-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/0f10d031dd44c70aae9bc6e19391cb30d5c2fe71.1730928699.git.gnault@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Pass a dscp_t variable to ip_mc_validate_source(), instead of a plain
u8, to prevent accidental setting of ECN bits in ->flowi4_tos.
Callers of ip_mc_validate_source() to consider are:
* ip_route_input_mc() which already has a dscp_t variable to pass as
parameter. We just need to remove the inet_dscp_to_dsfield()
conversion.
* udp_v4_early_demux() which gets the DSCP directly from the IPv4
header and can simply use the ip4h_dscp() helper.
Also, stop including net/inet_dscp.h in udp.c as we don't use any of
its declarations anymore.
Signed-off-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com>
Tested-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/c91b2cca04718b7ee6cf5b9c1d5b40507d65a8d4.1728302212.git.gnault@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Pass a dscp_t variable to ip_route_use_hint(), instead of a plain u8,
to prevent accidental setting of ECN bits in ->flowi4_tos.
Only ip_rcv_finish_core() actually calls ip_route_use_hint(). Use the
ip4h_dscp() helper to get the DSCP from the IPv4 header.
While there, modify the declaration of ip_route_use_hint() in
include/net/route.h so that it matches the prototype of its
implementation in net/ipv4/route.c.
Signed-off-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com>
Tested-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/c40994fdf804db7a363d04fdee01bf48dddda676.1728302212.git.gnault@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Pass a dscp_t variable to ip_route_input_noref(), instead of a plain
u8, to prevent accidental setting of ECN bits in ->flowi4_tos.
Callers of ip_route_input_noref() to consider are:
* arp_process() in net/ipv4/arp.c. This function sets the tos
parameter to 0, which is already a valid dscp_t value, so it
doesn't need to be adjusted for the new prototype.
* ip_route_input(), which already has a dscp_t variable to pass as
parameter. We just need to remove the inet_dscp_to_dsfield()
conversion.
* ipvlan_l3_rcv(), bpf_lwt_input_reroute(), ip_expire(),
ip_rcv_finish_core(), xfrm4_rcv_encap_finish() and
xfrm4_rcv_encap(), which get the DSCP directly from IPv4 headers
and can simply use the ip4h_dscp() helper.
While there, declare the IPv4 header pointers as const in
ipvlan_l3_rcv() and bpf_lwt_input_reroute().
Also, modify the declaration of ip_route_input_noref() in
include/net/route.h so that it matches the prototype of its
implementation in net/ipv4/route.c.
Signed-off-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/a8a747bed452519c4d0cc06af32c7e7795d7b627.1727807926.git.gnault@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Pass a dscp_t variable to ip_route_input(), instead of a plain u8, to
prevent accidental setting of ECN bits in ->flowi4_tos.
Callers of ip_route_input() to consider are:
* input_action_end_dx4_finish() and input_action_end_dt4() in
net/ipv6/seg6_local.c. These functions set the tos parameter to 0,
which is already a valid dscp_t value, so they don't need to be
adjusted for the new prototype.
* icmp_route_lookup(), which already has a dscp_t variable to pass as
parameter. We just need to remove the inet_dscp_to_dsfield()
conversion.
* br_nf_pre_routing_finish(), ip_options_rcv_srr() and ip4ip6_err(),
which get the DSCP directly from IPv4 headers. Define a helper to
read the .tos field of struct iphdr as dscp_t, so that these
function don't have to do the conversion manually.
While there, declare *iph as const in br_nf_pre_routing_finish(),
declare its local variables in reverse-christmas-tree order and move
the "err = ip_route_input()" assignment out of the conditional to avoid
checkpatch warning.
Signed-off-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/e9d40781d64d3d69f4c79ac8a008b8d67a033e8d.1727807926.git.gnault@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
The function returns a value that is used to initialize 'flowi4_tos'
before being passed to the FIB lookup API in the following call chain:
xfrm_bundle_create()
tos = xfrm_get_tos(fl, family)
xfrm_dst_lookup(..., tos, ...)
__xfrm_dst_lookup(..., tos, ...)
xfrm4_dst_lookup(..., tos, ...)
__xfrm4_dst_lookup(..., tos, ...)
fl4->flowi4_tos = tos
__ip_route_output_key(net, fl4)
Unmask the upper DSCP bits so that in the future the output route lookup
could be performed according to the full DSCP value.
Remove IPTOS_RT_MASK since it is no longer used.
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The function is used to read the DS field that was stored in IPv4
sockets via the IP_TOS socket option so that it could be used to
initialize the flowi4_tos field before resolving an output route.
Unmask the upper DSCP bits so that in the future the output route lookup
could be performed according to the full DSCP value.
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Add a "scope" parameter to ip_route_output() so that callers don't have
to override the tos parameter with the RTO_ONLINK flag if they want a
local scope.
This will allow converting flowi4_tos to dscp_t in the future, thus
allowing static analysers to flag invalid interactions between
"tos" (the DSCP bits) and ECN.
Only three users ask for local scope (bonding, arp and atm). The others
continue to use RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE. While there, add a comment to warn
users about the limitations of ip_route_output().
Signed-off-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Leon Romanovsky <leonro@nvidia.com> # infiniband
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Set scope automatically in ip_route_output_ports() (using the socket
SOCK_LOCALROUTE flag). This way, callers don't have to overload the
tos with the RTO_ONLINK flag, like RT_CONN_FLAGS() does.
For callers that don't pass a struct sock, this doesn't change anything
as the scope is still set to RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE when sk is NULL.
Callers that passed a struct sock and used RT_CONN_FLAGS(sk) or
RT_CONN_FLAGS_TOS(sk, tos) for the tos are modified to use
ip_sock_tos(sk) and RT_TOS(tos) respectively, as overloading tos with
the RTO_ONLINK flag now becomes unnecessary.
In drivers/net/amt.c, all ip_route_output_ports() calls use a 0 tos
parameter, ignoring the SOCK_LOCALROUTE flag of the socket. But the sk
parameter is a kernel socket, which doesn't have any configuration path
for setting SOCK_LOCALROUTE anyway. Therefore, ip_route_output_ports()
will continue to initialise scope with RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE and amt.c
doesn't need to be modified.
Also, remove RT_CONN_FLAGS() and RT_CONN_FLAGS_TOS() from route.h as
these macros are now unused.
The objective is to eventually remove RTO_ONLINK entirely to allow
converting ->flowi4_tos to dscp_t. This will ensure proper isolation
between the DSCP and ECN bits, thus minimising the risk of introducing
bugs where TOS values interfere with ECN.
Signed-off-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/dacfd2ab40685e20959ab7b53c427595ba229e7d.1707496938.git.gnault@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
At the moment ip_route_output_tunnel() is used only by bareudp.
Ideally, other UDP tunnel implementations should use it, but to do so
the function needs to accept new parameters that are specific for UDP
tunnels, such as the ports.
Prepare for these changes by renaming the function to
udp_tunnel_dst_lookup() and move it to file
net/ipv4/udp_tunnel_core.c.
Suggested-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Beniamino Galvani <b.galvani@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Some reads of inet->tos are racy.
Add needed READ_ONCE() annotations and convert IP_TOS option lockless.
v2: missing changes in include/net/route.h (David Ahern)
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Eric Dumazet
Guillaume Nault
Willem de Bruijn
Menglong Dong
Ido Schimmel
Beniamino Galvani