Pull RISC-V updates from Paul Walmsley:
"There is one significant change outside arch/riscv in this pull
request: the addition of a set of KUnit tests for strlen(), strnlen(),
and strrchr().
Otherwise, the most notable changes are to add some RISC-V-specific
string function implementations, to remove XIP kernel support, to add
hardware error exception handling, and to optimize our runtime
unaligned access speed testing.
A few comments on the motivation for removing XIP support. It's been
broken in the RISC-V kernel for months. The code is not easy to
maintain. Furthermore, for XIP support to truly be useful for RISC-V,
we think that compile-time feature switches would need to be added for
many of the RISC-V ISA features and microarchitectural properties that
are currently implemented with runtime patching. No one has stepped
forward to take responsibility for that work, so many of us think it's
best to remove it until clear use cases and champions emerge.
Summary:
- Add Kunit correctness testing and microbenchmarks for strlen(),
strnlen(), and strrchr()
- Add RISC-V-specific strnlen(), strchr(), strrchr() implementations
- Add hardware error exception handling
- Clean up and optimize our unaligned access probe code
- Enable HAVE_IOREMAP_PROT to be able to use generic_access_phys()
- Remove XIP kernel support
- Warn when addresses outside the vmemmap range are passed to
vmemmap_populate()
- Update the ACPI FADT revision check to warn if it's not at least
ACPI v6.6, which is when key RISC-V-specific tables were added to
the specification
- Increase COMMAND_LINE_SIZE to 2048 to match ARM64, x86, PowerPC,
etc.
- Make kaslr_offset() a static inline function, since there's no need
for it to show up in the symbol table
- Add KASLR offset and SATP to the VMCOREINFO ELF notes to improve
kdump support
- Add Makefile cleanup rule for vdso_cfi copied source files, and add
a .gitignore for the build artifacts in that directory
- Remove some redundant ifdefs that check Kconfig macros
- Add missing SPDX license tag to the CFI selftest
- Simplify UTS_MACHINE assignment in the RISC-V Makefile
- Clarify some unclear comments and remove some superfluous comments
- Fix various English typos across the RISC-V codebase"
* tag 'riscv-for-linus-7.1-mw1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux: (31 commits)
riscv: Remove support for XIP kernel
riscv: Reuse compare_unaligned_access() in check_vector_unaligned_access()
riscv: Split out compare_unaligned_access()
riscv: Reuse measure_cycles() in check_vector_unaligned_access()
riscv: Split out measure_cycles() for reuse
riscv: Clean up & optimize unaligned scalar access probe
riscv: lib: add strrchr() implementation
riscv: lib: add strchr() implementation
riscv: lib: add strnlen() implementation
lib/string_kunit: extend benchmarks to strnlen() and chr searches
lib/string_kunit: add performance benchmark for strlen()
lib/string_kunit: add correctness test for strrchr()
lib/string_kunit: add correctness test for strnlen()
lib/string_kunit: add correctness test for strlen()
riscv: vdso_cfi: Add .gitignore for build artifacts
riscv: vdso_cfi: Add clean rule for copied sources
riscv: enable HAVE_IOREMAP_PROT
riscv: mm: WARN_ON() for bad addresses in vmemmap_populate()
riscv: acpi: update FADT revision check to 6.6
riscv: add hardware error trap handler support
...
Pull alpha updates from Magnus Lindholm:
"One fix to silence pgprot_modify() compiler warnings, and one patch
adding SECCOMP/SECCOMP_FILTER support together with the syscall and
ptrace fixes needed for it"
* tag 'alpha-for-v7.1-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lindholm/alpha:
alpha: Define pgprot_modify to silence tautological comparison warnings
alpha: add support for SECCOMP and SECCOMP_FILTER
Add SECCOMP and SECCOMP_FILTER support to the Alpha architecture and fix
syscall entry and ptrace issues uncovered by the seccomp-bpf selftests.
The syscall entry path is reworked to consistently track syscall state
using r0, r1 and r2:
- r1 holds the active syscall number
- r2 preserves the original syscall number for restart
- r0 carries the return value, with r19 (a3) indicating success/error
This allows syscall restarts to be permitted only for valid ERESTART*
return codes and prevents kernel-internal restart values from leaking to
userspace. The syscall tracing error marker is corrected to use the saved
syscall number slot, matching the Alpha ABI.
Additionally, implement minimal PTRACE_GETREGSET and PTRACE_SETREGSET
support for NT_PRSTATUS, exporting struct pt_regs directly. This fixes
ptrace-based seccomp tests that previously failed with -EIO.
With these changes, seccomp-bpf and ptrace syscall tests pass reliably on
Alpha.
Tested-by: Michael Cree <mcree@orcon.net.nz>
Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260409171439.8759-2-linmag7@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
RISC-V has implemented pte_pgprot() and selects GENERIC_IOREMAP,
which provides a generic ioremap_prot() implementation. Enable
HAVE_IOREMAP_PROT to activate generic_access_phys() support, which
is useful for debugging (e.g., accessing /dev/mem via gdb).
Also update the architecture support documentation accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Yufeng Wang <wangyufeng@kylinos.cn>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260306112734.108186-1-r4o5m6e8o@163.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
Pull UML updates from Johannes Berg:
"Apart from the usual small churn, we have
- initial SMP support (only kernel)
- major vDSO cleanups (and fixes for 32-bit)"
* tag 'uml-for-linux-6.19-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/uml/linux: (33 commits)
um: Disable KASAN_INLINE when STATIC_LINK is selected
um: Don't rename vmap to kernel_vmap
um: drivers: virtio: use string choices helper
um: Always set up AT_HWCAP and AT_PLATFORM
x86/um: Remove FIXADDR_USER_START and FIXADDR_USE_END
um: Remove __access_ok_vsyscall()
um: Remove redundant range check from __access_ok_vsyscall()
um: Remove fixaddr_user_init()
x86/um: Drop gate area handling
x86/um: Do not inherit vDSO from host
um: Split out default elf_aux_hwcap
x86/um: Move ELF_PLATFORM fallback to x86-specific code
um: Split out default elf_aux_platform
um: Avoid circular dependency on asm-offsets in pgtable.h
um: Enable SMP support on x86
asm-generic: percpu: Add assembly guard
um: vdso: Remove getcpu support on x86
um: Add initial SMP support
um: Define timers on a per-CPU basis
um: Determine sleep based on need_resched()
...
The scripts for managing the features docs are found in three different
directories; unite them all under tools/docs and update references as
needed.
Reviewed-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Add initial symmetric multi-processing (SMP) support to UML. With
this support enabled, users can tell UML to start multiple virtual
processors, each represented as a separate host thread.
In UML, kthreads and normal threads (when running in kernel mode)
can be scheduled and executed simultaneously on different virtual
processors. However, the userspace code of normal threads still
runs within their respective single-threaded stubs.
That is, SMP support is currently available both within the kernel
and across different processes, but still remains limited within
threads of the same process in userspace.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251027001815.1666872-6-tiwei.bie@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Pull OpenRISC updates from Stafford Horne:
"I picked up one series from Chen Miao, our Google Summer of Code
contributor, which adds OpenRISC support for static keys"
* tag 'for-linus' of https://github.com/openrisc/linux:
openrisc: Add jump label support
openrisc: Regenerate defconfigs.
openrisc: Add R_OR1K_32_PCREL relocation type module support
openrisc: Add text patching API support
It seems that ./Documentation/features/scripts/features-refresh.sh was most
recently used in December 2022, with the latest kernel release v6.1-rc7 at
that time (see commit 7f2e60ff51 ("Documentation/features: Update feature
lists for 6.1") to update the feature lists in this subdirectory. All
further changes to Documentation/features/ since then have probably been
done manually, without checking for changes in other architectures and
features, that missed to update this part of the documentation.
Running ./Documentation/features/scripts/features-refresh.sh now showed
seven changes of supported features in various architectures (one in arc,
two in parisc, one in riscv, one in openrisc, and two in um), which were
not reflected yet in the current documentation.
To confirm the sanity of this script's suggested changes, I checked if the
commit messages confirm that the features have in fact been added in the
following commits:
- commit f122668ddc ("ARC: Add eBPF JIT support")
- commit 4800a6215e ("parisc: Wire up eBPF JIT compiler")
- commit a869b8c29f ("riscv: enable mseal sysmap for RV64")
- commit 2f681ba4b3 ("um: move thread info into task")
- commit 3f17fed214 ("um: switch to regset API and depend on XSTATE")
- commit 7ce8716e27 ("openrisc: Add HAVE_REGS_AND_STACK_ACCESS_API support")
- commit b5ff52be89 ("parisc: Convert to generic clockevents")
So, update all documents to the current state with features-refresh.sh.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Message-ID: <20250925073634.112142-1-lukas.bulwahn@redhat.com>
Supported a complete jump_label implementation based on the ARM64 and
RV64 version and add the CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL=y to the defconfig.
Testing was conducted using a dedicated test module jump-label-test,
provided in the link below. For detailed steps, please refer to the
README also at the provided link.
Link: https://github.com/ChenMiaoi/GSoC-2025-Final-Report/tree/main/tests/jump-label-test
Test Environment:
- Hardware: QEMU emulated OR1K
- Kernel Version: 6.17.0-rc3-dirty
- Configs: CONFIG_MODULES=y,CONFIG_MODULE_UNLOAD=y
- Toolchain: or1k-none-linux-musl-gcc 15.1.0
Test Results:
$ insmod jump_label_test.ko
[ 32.590000] Jump label performance test module loaded
[ 35.250000] Normal branch time: 1241327150 ns (124 ns per iteration)
[ 35.250000] Jump label (false) time: 706422700 ns (70 ns per iteration)
[ 35.250000] Jump label (true) time: 708913450 ns (70 ns per iteration)
$ rmmod jump_label_test.ko
[ 72.210000] Jump label test module unloaded
The results show approximately 43% improvement in branch performance
when using jump labels compared to traditional branches.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/openrisc/aLsZ9S3X0OpKy1RM@antec/T/#u
Signed-off-by: chenmiao <chenmiao.ku@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Both get_feat.pl and list-arch.sh use uname -m to get the machine hardware
name to figure out the current architecture if no architecture is specified
with a command line option.
This doesn't work for s390, since for 64 bit kernels the hardware name is
s390x, while the architecture name within the kernel, as well as in all
feature files is s390.
Therefore substitute s390x with s390 similar to what is already done for
x86_64 and i386.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250312155219.3597768-1-hca@linux.ibm.com
Add ARCH_HAS_DEBUG_VM_PGTABLE selection in Kconfig, in order to make
corresponding vm debug features usable on LoongArch. Also update the
corresponding arch-support.txt document.
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
RISC-V uses xRET instructions on return from interrupt and to go back
to user-space; the xRET instruction is not core serializing.
Use FENCE.I for providing core serialization as follows:
- by calling sync_core_before_usermode() on return from interrupt (cf.
ipi_sync_core()),
- via switch_mm() and sync_core_before_usermode() (respectively, for
uthread->uthread and kthread->uthread transitions) before returning
to user-space.
On RISC-V, the serialization in switch_mm() is activated by resetting
the icache_stale_mask of the mm at prepare_sync_core_cmd().
Suggested-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrea Parri <parri.andrea@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240131144936.29190-5-parri.andrea@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>
Allow to defer the flushing of the TLB when unmapping pages, which allows
to reduce the numbers of IPI and the number of sfence.vma.
The ubenchmarch used in commit 43b3dfdd04 ("arm64: support
batched/deferred tlb shootdown during page reclamation/migration") that
was multithreaded to force the usage of IPI shows good performance
improvement on all platforms:
* Unmatched: ~34%
* TH1520 : ~78%
* Qemu : ~81%
In addition, perf on qemu reports an important decrease in time spent
dealing with IPIs:
Before: 68.17% main [kernel.kallsyms] [k] __sbi_rfence_v02_call
After : 8.64% main [kernel.kallsyms] [k] __sbi_rfence_v02_call
* Benchmark:
int stick_this_thread_to_core(int core_id) {
int num_cores = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
if (core_id < 0 || core_id >= num_cores)
return EINVAL;
cpu_set_t cpuset;
CPU_ZERO(&cpuset);
CPU_SET(core_id, &cpuset);
pthread_t current_thread = pthread_self();
return pthread_setaffinity_np(current_thread,
sizeof(cpu_set_t), &cpuset);
}
static void *fn_thread (void *p_data)
{
int ret;
pthread_t thread;
stick_this_thread_to_core((int)p_data);
while (1) {
sleep(1);
}
return NULL;
}
int main()
{
volatile unsigned char *p = mmap(NULL, SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
pthread_t threads[4];
int ret;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
ret = pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, fn_thread, (void *)i);
if (ret)
{
printf("%s", strerror (ret));
}
}
memset(p, 0x88, SIZE);
for (int k = 0; k < 10000; k++) {
/* swap in */
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i += 4096) {
(void)p[i];
}
/* swap out */
madvise(p, SIZE, MADV_PAGEOUT);
}
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
pthread_cancel(threads[i]);
}
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
pthread_join(threads[i], NULL);
}
return 0;
}
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org> # Tested on TH1520
Tested-by: Nam Cao <namcao@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240108193640.344929-1-alexghiti@rivosinc.com
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>
Pull LoongArch updates from Huacai Chen:
- Allow usage of LSX/LASX in the kernel, and use them for
SIMD-optimized RAID5/RAID6 routines
- Add Loongson Binary Translation (LBT) extension support
- Add basic KGDB & KDB support
- Add building with kcov coverage
- Add KFENCE (Kernel Electric-Fence) support
- Add KASAN (Kernel Address Sanitizer) support
- Some bug fixes and other small changes
- Update the default config file
* tag 'loongarch-6.6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson: (25 commits)
LoongArch: Update Loongson-3 default config file
LoongArch: Add KASAN (Kernel Address Sanitizer) support
LoongArch: Simplify the processing of jumping new kernel for KASLR
kasan: Add (pmd|pud)_init for LoongArch zero_(pud|p4d)_populate process
kasan: Add __HAVE_ARCH_SHADOW_MAP to support arch specific mapping
LoongArch: Add KFENCE (Kernel Electric-Fence) support
LoongArch: Get partial stack information when providing regs parameter
LoongArch: mm: Add page table mapped mode support for virt_to_page()
kfence: Defer the assignment of the local variable addr
LoongArch: Allow building with kcov coverage
LoongArch: Provide kaslr_offset() to get kernel offset
LoongArch: Add basic KGDB & KDB support
LoongArch: Add Loongson Binary Translation (LBT) extension support
raid6: Add LoongArch SIMD recovery implementation
raid6: Add LoongArch SIMD syndrome calculation
LoongArch: Add SIMD-optimized XOR routines
LoongArch: Allow usage of LSX/LASX in the kernel
LoongArch: Define symbol 'fault' as a local label in fpu.S
LoongArch: Adjust {copy, clear}_user exception handler behavior
LoongArch: Use static defined zero page rather than allocated
...
1/8 of kernel addresses reserved for shadow memory. But for LoongArch,
There are a lot of holes between different segments and valid address
space (256T available) is insufficient to map all these segments to kasan
shadow memory with the common formula provided by kasan core, saying
(addr >> KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT) + KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET
So LoongArch has a arch-specific mapping formula, different segments are
mapped individually, and only limited space lengths of these specific
segments are mapped to shadow.
At early boot stage the whole shadow region populated with just one
physical page (kasan_early_shadow_page). Later, this page is reused as
readonly zero shadow for some memory that kasan currently don't track.
After mapping the physical memory, pages for shadow memory are allocated
and mapped.
Functions like memset()/memcpy()/memmove() do a lot of memory accesses.
If bad pointer passed to one of these function it is important to be
caught. Compiler's instrumentation cannot do this since these functions
are written in assembly.
KASan replaces memory functions with manually instrumented variants.
Original functions declared as weak symbols so strong definitions in
mm/kasan/kasan.c could replace them. Original functions have aliases
with '__' prefix in names, so we could call non-instrumented variant
if needed.
Signed-off-by: Qing Zhang <zhangqing@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
Add ARCH_HAS_KCOV and HAVE_GCC_PLUGINS to the LoongArch Kconfig. And
also disable instrumentation of vdso.
Signed-off-by: Feiyang Chen <chenfeiyang@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
Linus Torvalds
Magnus Lindholm
Yufeng WangandPaul Walmsley
Miquel Sabaté SolàandJonathan Corbet
Heiko Carstens
Tiwei BieandJohannes Berg
Lukas BulwahnandJonathan Corbet
chenmiaoandStafford Horne
Yuli WangandHuacai Chen
Jeff XuandAndrew Morton
Chen PeiandJonathan Corbet
Alexandre GhitiandPalmer Dabbelt
Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)andAndrew Morton
Andrea ParriandPalmer Dabbelt
Ard Biesheuvel
Qing ZhangandHuacai Chen
Feiyang ChenandHuacai Chen