471 Commits
Author SHA1 Message Date
Borislav Petkov (AMD)andIngo Molnar 80501dff81 Documentation/arch/x86: Hide clearcpuid=
This option was never meant to be used in production because it solely
clears the X86_FEATURE kernel-internal representation of what CPUID bits
it has detected and doesn't do any *proper* feature disablement like
clearing CR4.CET in the user shadow stack case, for example.

So remove its documentation so that it doesn't get used in production
and people get silly ideas. It is meant strictly for debugging; and if
a chicken bit for properly disabling a feature is warranted, then that
would need proper enablement.

No functional changes.

Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Mathias Krause <minipli@grsecurity.net>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260520202508.160112-1-bp@kernel.org
2026-05-26 05:37:20 +02:00
Randy DunlapandPaul Walmsley 50da1c9ccb riscv: Docs: fix unmatched quote warning
'make htmldocs' complains about ``prctrl` -- so add a second '`' to
avoid the warning.

Documentation/arch/riscv/zicfilp.rst:79: WARNING: Inline literal start-string without end-string. [docutils]

Fixes: 08ee155905 ("prctl: cfi: change the branch landing pad prctl()s to be more descriptive")
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260406232304.1892528-1-rdunlap@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-05-13 22:21:32 -06:00
Avi RadinskyandPaul Walmsley a2e5b58811 Documentation: riscv: cmodx: fix typos
Fix typos in the dynamic ftrace section: atmoic -> atomic (twice),
pacthable -> patchable, derect -> directed.

Signed-off-by: Avi Radinsky <avi.radinsky@tennr.com>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/391d16fb-5f11-45fa-8f3b-1debe095695e@tennr.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-04-30 19:51:24 -06:00
Linus Torvalds 2a4c0c11c0 Merge tag 's390-7.1-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux
Pull s390 updates from Vasily Gorbik:

 - Add support for CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_CHECK and enable it in
   debug_defconfig. s390 can only tell user from kernel PTEs via the mm,
   so mm_struct is now passed into pxx_user_accessible_page() callbacks

 - Expose the PCI function UID as an arch-specific slot attribute in
   sysfs so a function can be identified by its user-defined id while
   still in standby. Introduces a generic ARCH_PCI_SLOT_GROUPS hook in
   drivers/pci/slot.c

 - Refresh s390 PCI documentation to reflect current behavior and cover
   previously undocumented sysfs attributes

 - zcrypt device driver cleanup series: consistent field types, clearer
   variable naming, a kernel-doc warning fix, and a comment explaining
   the intentional synchronize_rcu() in pkey_handler_register()

 - Provide an s390 arch_raw_cpu_ptr() that avoids the detour via
   get_lowcore() using alternatives, shrinking defconfig by ~27 kB

 - Guard identity-base randomization with kaslr_enabled() so nokaslr
   keeps the identity mapping at 0 even with RANDOMIZE_IDENTITY_BASE=y

 - Build S390_MODULES_SANITY_TEST as a module only by requiring KUNIT &&
   m, since built-in would not exercise module loading

 - Remove the permanently commented-out HMCDRV_DEV_CLASS create_class()
   code in the hmcdrv driver

 - Drop stale ident_map_size extern conflicting with asm/page.h

* tag 's390-7.1-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux:
  s390/zcrypt: Fix warning about wrong kernel doc comment
  PCI: s390: Expose the UID as an arch specific PCI slot attribute
  docs: s390/pci: Improve and update PCI documentation
  s390/pkey: Add comment about synchronize_rcu() to pkey base
  s390/hmcdrv: Remove commented out code
  s390/zcrypt: Slight rework on the agent_id field
  s390/zcrypt: Explicitly use a card variable in _zcrypt_send_cprb
  s390/zcrypt: Rework MKVP fields and handling
  s390/zcrypt: Make apfs a real unsigned int field
  s390/zcrypt: Rework domain processing within zcrypt device driver
  s390/zcrypt: Move inline function rng_type6cprb_msgx from header to code
  s390/percpu: Provide arch_raw_cpu_ptr()
  s390: Enable page table check for debug_defconfig
  s390/pgtable: Add s390 support for page table check
  s390/pgtable: Use set_pmd_bit() to invalidate PMD entry
  mm/page_table_check: Pass mm_struct to pxx_user_accessible_page()
  s390/boot: Respect kaslr_enabled() for identity randomization
  s390/Kconfig: Make modules sanity test a module-only option
  s390/setup: Drop stale ident_map_size declaration
2026-04-22 11:13:45 -07:00
Linus Torvalds 13f24586a2 Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull more arm64 updates from Catalin Marinas:
 "The main 'feature' is a workaround for C1-Pro erratum 4193714
  requiring IPIs during TLB maintenance if a process is running in user
  space with SME enabled.

  The hardware acknowledges the DVMSync messages before completing
  in-flight SME accesses, with security implications. The workaround
  makes use of the mm_cpumask() to track the cores that need
  interrupting (arm64 hasn't used this mask before).

  The rest are fixes for MPAM, CCA and generated header that turned up
  during the merging window or shortly before.

  Summary:

  Core features:

   - Add workaround for C1-Pro erratum 4193714 - early CME (SME unit)
     DVMSync acknowledgement. The fix consists of sending IPIs on TLB
     maintenance to those CPUs running in user space with SME enabled

   - Include kernel-hwcap.h in list of generated files (missed in a
     recent commit generating the KERNEL_HWCAP_* macros)

  CCA:

   - Fix RSI_INCOMPLETE error check in arm-cca-guest

  MPAM:

   - Fix an unmount->remount problem with the CDP emulation,
     uninitialised variable and checker warnings"

* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux:
  arm_mpam: resctrl: Make resctrl_mon_ctx_waiters static
  arm_mpam: resctrl: Fix the check for no monitor components found
  arm_mpam: resctrl: Fix MBA CDP alloc_capable handling on unmount
  virt: arm-cca-guest: fix error check for RSI_INCOMPLETE
  arm64/hwcap: Include kernel-hwcap.h in list of generated files
  arm64: errata: Work around early CME DVMSync acknowledgement
  arm64: cputype: Add C1-Pro definitions
  arm64: tlb: Pass the corresponding mm to __tlbi_sync_s1ish()
  arm64: tlb: Introduce __tlbi_sync_s1ish_{kernel,batch}() for TLB maintenance
2026-04-20 16:46:22 -07:00
Catalin Marinas 858fbd7248 Merge branch 'for-next/c1-pro-erratum-4193714' into for-next/core
* for-next/c1-pro-erratum-4193714:
  : Work around C1-Pro erratum 4193714 (CVE-2026-0995)
  arm64: errata: Work around early CME DVMSync acknowledgement
  arm64: cputype: Add C1-Pro definitions
  arm64: tlb: Pass the corresponding mm to __tlbi_sync_s1ish()
  arm64: tlb: Introduce __tlbi_sync_s1ish_{kernel,batch}() for TLB maintenance
2026-04-20 13:12:35 +01:00
Linus Torvalds 01f492e181 Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini:
 "Arm:

   - Add support for tracing in the standalone EL2 hypervisor code,
     which should help both debugging and performance analysis. This
     uses the new infrastructure for 'remote' trace buffers that can be
     exposed by non-kernel entities such as firmware, and which came
     through the tracing tree

   - Add support for GICv5 Per Processor Interrupts (PPIs), as the
     starting point for supporting the new GIC architecture in KVM

   - Finally add support for pKVM protected guests, where pages are
     unmapped from the host as they are faulted into the guest and can
     be shared back from the guest using pKVM hypercalls. Protected
     guests are created using a new machine type identifier. As the
     elusive guestmem has not yet delivered on its promises, anonymous
     memory is also supported

     This is only a first step towards full isolation from the host; for
     example, the CPU register state and DMA accesses are not yet
     isolated. Because this does not really yet bring fully what it
     promises, it is hidden behind CONFIG_ARM_PKVM_GUEST +
     'kvm-arm.mode=protected', and also triggers TAINT_USER when a VM is
     created. Caveat emptor

   - Rework the dreaded user_mem_abort() function to make it more
     maintainable, reducing the amount of state being exposed to the
     various helpers and rendering a substantial amount of state
     immutable

   - Expand the Stage-2 page table dumper to support NV shadow page
     tables on a per-VM basis

   - Tidy up the pKVM PSCI proxy code to be slightly less hard to
     follow

   - Fix both SPE and TRBE in non-VHE configurations so that they do not
     generate spurious, out of context table walks that ultimately lead
     to very bad HW lockups

   - A small set of patches fixing the Stage-2 MMU freeing in error
     cases

   - Tighten-up accepted SMC immediate value to be only #0 for host
     SMCCC calls

   - The usual cleanups and other selftest churn

  LoongArch:

   - Use CSR_CRMD_PLV for kvm_arch_vcpu_in_kernel()

   - Add DMSINTC irqchip in kernel support

  RISC-V:

   - Fix steal time shared memory alignment checks

   - Fix vector context allocation leak

   - Fix array out-of-bounds in pmu_ctr_read() and pmu_fw_ctr_read_hi()

   - Fix double-free of sdata in kvm_pmu_clear_snapshot_area()

   - Fix integer overflow in kvm_pmu_validate_counter_mask()

   - Fix shift-out-of-bounds in make_xfence_request()

   - Fix lost write protection on huge pages during dirty logging

   - Split huge pages during fault handling for dirty logging

   - Skip CSR restore if VCPU is reloaded on the same core

   - Implement kvm_arch_has_default_irqchip() for KVM selftests

   - Factored-out ISA checks into separate sources

   - Added hideleg to struct kvm_vcpu_config

   - Factored-out VCPU config into separate sources

   - Support configuration of per-VM HGATP mode from KVM user space

  s390:

   - Support for ESA (31-bit) guests inside nested hypervisors

   - Remove restriction on memslot alignment, which is not needed
     anymore with the new gmap code

   - Fix LPSW/E to update the bear (which of course is the breaking
     event address register)

  x86:

   - Shut up various UBSAN warnings on reading module parameter before
     they were initialized

   - Don't zero-allocate page tables that are used for splitting
     hugepages in the TDP MMU, as KVM is guaranteed to set all SPTEs in
     the page table and thus write all bytes

   - As an optimization, bail early when trying to unsync 4KiB mappings
     if the target gfn can just be mapped with a 2MiB hugepage

  x86 generic:

   - Copy single-chunk MMIO write values into struct kvm_vcpu (more
     precisely struct kvm_mmio_fragment) to fix use-after-free stack
     bugs where KVM would dereference stack pointer after an exit to
     userspace

   - Clean up and comment the emulated MMIO code to try to make it
     easier to maintain (not necessarily "easy", but "easier")

   - Move VMXON+VMXOFF and EFER.SVME toggling out of KVM (not *all* of
     VMX and SVM enabling) as it is needed for trusted I/O

   - Advertise support for AVX512 Bit Matrix Multiply (BMM) instructions

   - Immediately fail the build if a required #define is missing in one
     of KVM's headers that is included multiple times

   - Reject SET_GUEST_DEBUG with -EBUSY if there's an already injected
     exception, mostly to prevent syzkaller from abusing the uAPI to
     trigger WARNs, but also because it can help prevent userspace from
     unintentionally crashing the VM

   - Exempt SMM from CPUID faulting on Intel, as per the spec

   - Misc hardening and cleanup changes

  x86 (AMD):

   - Fix and optimize IRQ window inhibit handling for AVIC; make it
     per-vCPU so that KVM doesn't prematurely re-enable AVIC if multiple
     vCPUs have to-be-injected IRQs

   - Clean up and optimize the OSVW handling, avoiding a bug in which
     KVM would overwrite state when enabling virtualization on multiple
     CPUs in parallel. This should not be a problem because OSVW should
     usually be the same for all CPUs

   - Drop a WARN in KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_REG_REGION where KVM complains
     about a "too large" size based purely on user input

   - Clean up and harden the pinning code for KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_REG_REGION

   - Disallow synchronizing a VMSA of an already-launched/encrypted
     vCPU, as doing so for an SNP guest will crash the host due to an
     RMP violation page fault

   - Overhaul KVM's APIs for detecting SEV+ guests so that VM-scoped
     queries are required to hold kvm->lock, and enforce it by lockdep.
     Fix various bugs where sev_guest() was not ensured to be stable for
     the whole duration of a function or ioctl

   - Convert a pile of kvm->lock SEV code to guard()

   - Play nicer with userspace that does not enable
     KVM_CAP_EXCEPTION_PAYLOAD, for which KVM needs to set CR2 and DR6
     as a response to ioctls such as KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS (even if the
     payload would end up in EXITINFO2 rather than CR2, for example).
     Only set CR2 and DR6 when consumption of the payload is imminent,
     but on the other hand force delivery of the payload in all paths
     where userspace retrieves CR2 or DR6

   - Use vcpu->arch.cr2 when updating vmcb12's CR2 on nested #VMEXIT
     instead of vmcb02->save.cr2. The value is out of sync after a
     save/restore or after a #PF is injected into L2

   - Fix a class of nSVM bugs where some fields written by the CPU are
     not synchronized from vmcb02 to cached vmcb12 after VMRUN, and so
     are not up-to-date when saved by KVM_GET_NESTED_STATE

   - Fix a class of bugs where the ordering between KVM_SET_NESTED_STATE
     and KVM_SET_{S}REGS could cause vmcb02 to be incorrectly
     initialized after save+restore

   - Add a variety of missing nSVM consistency checks

   - Fix several bugs where KVM failed to correctly update VMCB fields
     on nested #VMEXIT

   - Fix several bugs where KVM failed to correctly synthesize #UD or
     #GP for SVM-related instructions

   - Add support for save+restore of virtualized LBRs (on SVM)

   - Refactor various helpers and macros to improve clarity and
     (hopefully) make the code easier to maintain

   - Aggressively sanitize fields when copying from vmcb12, to guard
     against unintentionally allowing L1 to utilize yet-to-be-defined
     features

   - Fix several bugs where KVM botched rAX legality checks when
     emulating SVM instructions. There are remaining issues in that KVM
     doesn't handle size prefix overrides for 64-bit guests

   - Fail emulation of VMRUN/VMLOAD/VMSAVE if mapping vmcb12 fails
     instead of somewhat arbitrarily synthesizing #GP (i.e. don't double
     down on AMD's architectural but sketchy behavior of generating #GP
     for "unsupported" addresses)

   - Cache all used vmcb12 fields to further harden against TOCTOU bugs

  x86 (Intel):

   - Drop obsolete branch hint prefixes from the VMX instruction macros

   - Use ASM_INPUT_RM() in __vmcs_writel() to coerce clang into using a
     register input when appropriate

   - Code cleanups

  guest_memfd:

   - Don't mark guest_memfd folios as accessed, as guest_memfd doesn't
     support reclaim, the memory is unevictable, and there is no storage
     to write back to

  LoongArch selftests:

   - Add KVM PMU test cases

  s390 selftests:

   - Enable more memory selftests

  x86 selftests:

   - Add support for Hygon CPUs in KVM selftests

   - Fix a bug in the MSR test where it would get false failures on
     AMD/Hygon CPUs with exactly one of RDPID or RDTSCP

   - Add an MADV_COLLAPSE testcase for guest_memfd as a regression test
     for a bug where the kernel would attempt to collapse guest_memfd
     folios against KVM's will"

* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (373 commits)
  KVM: x86: use inlines instead of macros for is_sev_*guest
  x86/virt: Treat SVM as unsupported when running as an SEV+ guest
  KVM: SEV: Goto an existing error label if charging misc_cg for an ASID fails
  KVM: SVM: Move lock-protected allocation of SEV ASID into a separate helper
  KVM: SEV: use mutex guard in snp_handle_guest_req()
  KVM: SEV: use mutex guard in sev_mem_enc_unregister_region()
  KVM: SEV: use mutex guard in sev_mem_enc_ioctl()
  KVM: SEV: use mutex guard in snp_launch_update()
  KVM: SEV: Assert that kvm->lock is held when querying SEV+ support
  KVM: SEV: Document that checking for SEV+ guests when reclaiming memory is "safe"
  KVM: SEV: Hide "struct kvm_sev_info" behind CONFIG_KVM_AMD_SEV=y
  KVM: SEV: WARN on unhandled VM type when initializing VM
  KVM: LoongArch: selftests: Add PMU overflow interrupt test
  KVM: LoongArch: selftests: Add basic PMU event counting test
  KVM: LoongArch: selftests: Add cpucfg read/write helpers
  LoongArch: KVM: Add DMSINTC inject msi to vCPU
  LoongArch: KVM: Add DMSINTC device support
  LoongArch: KVM: Make vcpu_is_preempted() as a macro rather than function
  LoongArch: KVM: Move host CSR_GSTAT save and restore in context switch
  LoongArch: KVM: Move host CSR_EENTRY save and restore in context switch
  ...
2026-04-17 07:18:03 -07:00
Linus Torvalds f0bf3eac92 Merge tag 'vfio-v7.1-rc1' of https://github.com/awilliam/linux-vfio
Pull VFIO updates from Alex Williamson:

 - Update QAT vfio-pci variant driver for Gen 5, 420xx devices (Vijay
   Sundar Selvamani, Suman Kumar Chakraborty, Giovanni Cabiddu)

 - Fix vfio selftest MMIO DMA mapping selftest (Alex Mastro)

 - Conversions to const struct class in support of class_create()
   deprecation (Jori Koolstra)

 - Improve selftest compiler compatibility by avoiding initializer on
   variable-length array (Manish Honap)

 - Define new uAPI for drivers supporting migration to advise user-
   space of new initial data for reducing target startup latency.
   Implemented for mlx5 vfio-pci variant driver (Yishai Hadas)

 - Enable vfio selftests on aarch64, not just cross-compiles reporting
   arm64 (Ted Logan)

 - Update vfio selftest driver support to include additional DSA devices
   (Yi Lai)

 - Unconditionally include debugfs root pointer in vfio device struct,
   avoiding a build failure seen in hisi_acc variant driver without
   debugfs otherwise (Arnd Bergmann)

 - Add support for the s390 ISM (Internal Shared Memory) device via a
   new variant driver. The device is unique in the size of its BAR space
   (256TiB) and lack of mmap support (Julian Ruess)

 - Enforce that vfio-pci drivers implement a name in their ops structure
   for use in sequestering SR-IOV VFs (Alex Williamson)

 - Prune leftover group notifier code (Paolo Bonzini)

 - Fix Xe vfio-pci variant driver to avoid migration support as a
   dependency in the reset path and missing release call (Michał
   Winiarski)

* tag 'vfio-v7.1-rc1' of https://github.com/awilliam/linux-vfio: (23 commits)
  vfio/xe: Add a missing vfio_pci_core_release_dev()
  vfio/xe: Reorganize the init to decouple migration from reset
  vfio: remove dead notifier code
  vfio/pci: Require vfio_device_ops.name
  MAINTAINERS: add VFIO ISM PCI DRIVER section
  vfio/ism: Implement vfio_pci driver for ISM devices
  vfio/pci: Rename vfio_config_do_rw() to vfio_pci_config_rw_single() and export it
  vfio: unhide vdev->debug_root
  vfio/qat: add support for Intel QAT 420xx VFs
  vfio: selftests: Support DMR and GNR-D DSA devices
  vfio: selftests: Build tests on aarch64
  vfio/mlx5: Add REINIT support to VFIO_MIG_GET_PRECOPY_INFO
  vfio/mlx5: consider inflight SAVE during PRE_COPY
  net/mlx5: Add IFC bits for migration state
  vfio: Adapt drivers to use the core helper vfio_check_precopy_ioctl
  vfio: Add support for VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE_MIG_PRECOPY_INFOv2
  vfio: Define uAPI for re-init initial bytes during the PRE_COPY phase
  vfio: selftests: Fix VLA initialisation in vfio_pci_irq_set()
  vfio: uapi: fix comment typo
  vfio: mdev: replace mtty_dev->vd_class with a const struct class
  ...
2026-04-16 08:01:16 -07:00
Linus Torvalds f1d26d72f0 Merge tag 'iommu-updates-v7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/iommu/linux
Pull iommu updates from Joerg Roedel:
 "Core:

   - Support for RISC-V IO-page-table format in generic iommupt code

  ARM-SMMU Updates:

   - Introduction of an "invalidation array" for SMMUv3, which enables
     future scalability work and optimisations for devices with a large
     number of SMMUv3 instances

   - Update the conditions under which the SMMUv3 driver works around
     hardware errata for invalidation on MMU-700 implementations

   - Fix broken command filtering for the host view of NVIDIA's "cmdqv"
     SMMUv3 extension

   - MMU-500 device-tree binding additions for Qualcomm Eliza & Hawi
     SoCs

  Intel VT-d:

   - Support for dirty tracking on domains attached to PASID

   - Removal of unnecessary read*()/write*() wrappers

   - Improvements to the invalidation paths

  AMD Vi:

   - Race-condition fixed in debugfs code

   - Make log buffer allocation NUMA aware

  RISC-V:

   - IO-TLB flushing improvements

   - Minor fixes"

* tag 'iommu-updates-v7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/iommu/linux: (48 commits)
  iommu/vt-d: Restore IOMMU_CAP_CACHE_COHERENCY
  dt-bindings: arm-smmu: qcom: Add compatible for Hawi SoC
  iommu/amd: Invalidate IRT cache for DMA aliases
  iommu/riscv: Remove overflows on the invalidation path
  iommu/amd: Fix clone_alias() to use the original device's devid
  iommu/vt-d: Remove the remaining pages along the invalidation path
  iommu/vt-d: Pass size_order to qi_desc_piotlb() not npages
  iommu/vt-d: Split piotlb invalidation into range and all
  iommu/vt-d: Remove dmar_writel() and dmar_writeq()
  iommu/vt-d: Remove dmar_readl() and dmar_readq()
  iommufd/selftest: Test dirty tracking on PASID
  iommu/vt-d: Support dirty tracking on PASID
  iommu/vt-d: Rename device_set_dirty_tracking() and pass dmar_domain pointer
  iommu/vt-d: Block PASID attachment to nested domain with dirty tracking
  iommu/dma: Always allow DMA-FQ when iommupt provides the iommu_domain
  iommu/riscv: Fix signedness bug
  iommu/amd: Fix illegal cap/mmio access in IOMMU debugfs
  iommu/amd: Fix illegal device-id access in IOMMU debugfs
  iommu/tegra241-cmdqv: Update uAPI to clarify HYP_OWN requirement
  iommu/tegra241-cmdqv: Set supports_cmd op in tegra241_vcmdq_hw_init()
  ...
2026-04-15 15:05:51 -07:00
Linus Torvalds c43267e679 Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 updates from Catalin Marinas:
 "The biggest changes are MPAM enablement in drivers/resctrl and new PMU
  support under drivers/perf.

  On the core side, FEAT_LSUI lets futex atomic operations with EL0
  permissions, avoiding PAN toggling.

  The rest is mostly TLB invalidation refactoring, further generic entry
  work, sysreg updates and a few fixes.

  Core features:

   - Add support for FEAT_LSUI, allowing futex atomic operations without
     toggling Privileged Access Never (PAN)

   - Further refactor the arm64 exception handling code towards the
     generic entry infrastructure

   - Optimise __READ_ONCE() with CONFIG_LTO=y and allow alias analysis
     through it

  Memory management:

   - Refactor the arm64 TLB invalidation API and implementation for
     better control over barrier placement and level-hinted invalidation

   - Enable batched TLB flushes during memory hot-unplug

   - Fix rodata=full block mapping support for realm guests (when
     BBML2_NOABORT is available)

  Perf and PMU:

   - Add support for a whole bunch of system PMUs featured in NVIDIA's
     Tegra410 SoC (cspmu extensions for the fabric and PCIe, new drivers
     for CPU/C2C memory latency PMUs)

   - Clean up iomem resource handling in the Arm CMN driver

   - Fix signedness handling of AA64DFR0.{PMUVer,PerfMon}

  MPAM (Memory Partitioning And Monitoring):

   - Add architecture context-switch and hiding of the feature from KVM

   - Add interface to allow MPAM to be exposed to user-space using
     resctrl

   - Add errata workaround for some existing platforms

   - Add documentation for using MPAM and what shape of platforms can
     use resctrl

  Miscellaneous:

   - Check DAIF (and PMR, where relevant) at task-switch time

   - Skip TFSR_EL1 checks and barriers in synchronous MTE tag check mode
     (only relevant to asynchronous or asymmetric tag check modes)

   - Remove a duplicate allocation in the kexec code

   - Remove redundant save/restore of SCS SP on entry to/from EL0

   - Generate the KERNEL_HWCAP_ definitions from the arm64 hwcap
     descriptions

   - Add kselftest coverage for cmpbr_sigill()

   - Update sysreg definitions"

* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (109 commits)
  arm64: rsi: use linear-map alias for realm config buffer
  arm64: Kconfig: fix duplicate word in CMDLINE help text
  arm64: mte: Skip TFSR_EL1 checks and barriers in synchronous tag check mode
  arm64/sysreg: Update ID_AA64SMFR0_EL1 description to DDI0601 2025-12
  arm64/sysreg: Update ID_AA64ZFR0_EL1 description to DDI0601 2025-12
  arm64/sysreg: Update ID_AA64FPFR0_EL1 description to DDI0601 2025-12
  arm64/sysreg: Update ID_AA64ISAR2_EL1 description to DDI0601 2025-12
  arm64/sysreg: Update ID_AA64ISAR0_EL1 description to DDI0601 2025-12
  arm64/hwcap: Generate the KERNEL_HWCAP_ definitions for the hwcaps
  arm64: kexec: Remove duplicate allocation for trans_pgd
  ACPI: AGDI: fix missing newline in error message
  arm64: Check DAIF (and PMR) at task-switch time
  arm64: entry: Use split preemption logic
  arm64: entry: Use irqentry_{enter_from,exit_to}_kernel_mode()
  arm64: entry: Consistently prefix arm64-specific wrappers
  arm64: entry: Don't preempt with SError or Debug masked
  entry: Split preemption from irqentry_exit_to_kernel_mode()
  entry: Split kernel mode logic from irqentry_{enter,exit}()
  entry: Move irqentry_enter() prototype later
  entry: Remove local_irq_{enable,disable}_exit_to_user()
  ...
2026-04-14 16:48:56 -07:00
Paolo Bonzini 4a530993da Merge tag 'kvm-x86-vmxon-7.1' of https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux into HEAD
KVM x86 VMXON and EFER.SVME extraction for 7.1

Move _only_ VMXON+VMXOFF and EFER.SVME toggling out of KVM (versus all of VMX
and SVM enabling) out of KVM and into the core kernel so that non-KVM TDX
enabling, e.g. for trusted I/O, can make SEAMCALLs without needing to ensure
KVM is fully loaded.

TIO isn't a hypervisor, and isn't trying to be a hypervisor. Specifically, TIO
should _never_ have it's own VMCSes (that are visible to the host; the
TDX-Module has it's own VMCSes to do SEAMCALL/SEAMRET), and so there is simply
no reason to move that functionality out of KVM.

With that out of the way, dealing with VMXON/VMXOFF and EFER.SVME is a fairly
simple refcounting game.
2026-04-13 13:04:48 +02:00
Niklas SchnelleandVasily Gorbik e4f9ab031d PCI: s390: Expose the UID as an arch specific PCI slot attribute
On s390, an individual PCI function can generally be identified by two
identifiers, the FID and the UID. Which identifier is used depends on
the scope and the platform configuration.

The first identifier, the FID, is always available and identifies a PCI
device uniquely within a machine. The FID may be virtualized by
hypervisors, but on the LPAR level, the machine scope makes it
impossible to create the same configuration based on FIDs on two
different LPARs of the same machine, and difficult to reuse across
machines.

Such matching LPAR configurations are useful, though, allowing
standardized setups and booting a Linux installation on different LPARs.
To this end the UID, or user-defined identifier, was introduced. While
it is only guaranteed to be unique within an LPAR and only if indicated
by firmware, it allows users to replicate PCI device setups.

On s390, which uses a machine hypervisor, a per PCI function hotplug
model is used. The shortcoming with the UID then is, that it is not
visible to the user without first attaching the PCI function and
accessing the "uid" device attribute. The FID, on the other hand, is
used as the slot name and is thus known even with the PCI function in
standby.

Remedy this shortcoming by providing the UID as an attribute on the slot
allowing the user to identify a PCI function based on the UID without
having to first attach it. Do this via a macro mechanism analogous to
what was introduced by commit 265baca69a ("s390/pci: Stop usurping
pdev->dev.groups") for the PCI device attributes.

Reviewed-by: Gerd Bayer <gbayer@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Julian Ruess <julianr@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> # drivers/pci/slot.c
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260407-uid_slot-v8-2-15ae4409d2ce@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
2026-04-11 11:18:15 +02:00
Niklas SchnelleandVasily Gorbik 737c4f4a24 docs: s390/pci: Improve and update PCI documentation
Update the s390 specific PCI documentation to better reflect current
behavior and terms such as the handling of Isolated VFs via commit
25f39d3dcb ("s390/pci: Ignore RID for isolated VFs").

Add a descriptions for /sys/firmware/clp/uid_checking which was added
in commit b043a81ce3 ("s390/pci: Expose firmware provided UID Checking
state in sysfs") but missed documentation.

Similarly add documentation for the fidparm attribute added by commit
99ad39306a ("s390/pci: Expose FIDPARM attribute in sysfs") and
add a list of pft values and their names.

Finally improve formatting of the different attribute descriptions by
adding a separating colon.

Reviewed-by: Farhan Ali <alifm@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Rosato <mjrosato@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Gerd Bayer <gbayer@linux.ibm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260407-uid_slot-v8-1-15ae4409d2ce@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
2026-04-11 11:18:15 +02:00
Paolo BonziniandAlex Williamson 3c443ec743 vfio: remove dead notifier code
group->notifier is dead code. VFIO initializes it and checks it for
emptiness on teardown, but nobody ever registers on it or triggers it.

Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Anthony Krowiak <akrowiak@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260407175934.1602711-1-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex@shazbot.org>
2026-04-10 13:32:25 -06:00
Catalin Marinas 0baba94a97 arm64: errata: Work around early CME DVMSync acknowledgement
C1-Pro acknowledges DVMSync messages before completing the SME/CME
memory accesses. Work around this by issuing an IPI to the affected CPUs
if they are running in EL0 with SME enabled.

Note that we avoid the local DSB in the IPI handler as the kernel runs
with SCTLR_EL1.IESB=1. This is sufficient to complete SME memory
accesses at EL0 on taking an exception to EL1. On the return to user
path, no barrier is necessary either. See the comment in
sme_set_active() and the more detailed explanation in the link below.

To avoid a potential IPI flood from malicious applications (e.g.
madvise(MADV_PAGEOUT) in a tight loop), track where a process is active
via mm_cpumask() and only interrupt those CPUs.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/ablEXwhfKyJW1i7l@J2N7QTR9R3
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
2026-04-10 19:46:14 +01:00
Paul Walmsley 08ee155905 prctl: cfi: change the branch landing pad prctl()s to be more descriptive
Per Linus' comments requesting the replacement of "INDIR_BR_LP" in the
indirect branch tracking prctl()s with something more readable, and
suggesting the use of the speculation control prctl()s as an exemplar,
reimplement the prctl()s and related constants that control per-task
forward-edge control flow integrity.

This primarily involves two changes.  First, the prctls are
restructured to resemble the style of the speculative execution
workaround control prctls PR_{GET,SET}_SPECULATION_CTRL, to make them
easier to extend in the future.  Second, the "indir_br_lp" abbrevation
is expanded to "branch_landing_pads" to be less telegraphic.  The
kselftest and documentation is adjusted accordingly.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/CAHk-=whhSLGZAx3N5jJpb4GLFDqH_QvS07D+6BnkPWmCEzTAgw@mail.gmail.com/
Cc: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-04-04 18:40:58 -06:00
Ben HorganandJames Morse 4ce0a2ccc0 arm64: mpam: Add initial MPAM documentation
MPAM (Memory Partitioning and Monitoring) is now exposed to user-space via
resctrl. Add some documentation so the user knows what features to expect.

Reviewed-by: Zeng Heng <zengheng4@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Shaopeng Tan <tan.shaopeng@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Horgan <ben.horgan@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shaopeng Tan <tan.shaopeng@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Jesse Chick <jessechick@os.amperecomputing.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
2026-03-27 15:32:52 +00:00
James Morse aeb8595a5f arm_mpam: Quirk CMN-650's CSU NRDY behaviour
CMN-650 is afflicted with an erratum where the CSU NRDY bit never clears.
This tells us the monitor never finishes scanning the cache. The erratum
document says to wait the maximum time, then ignore the field.

Add a flag to indicate whether this is the final attempt to read the
counter, and when this quirk is applied, ignore the NRDY field.

This means accesses to this counter will always retry, even if the counter
was previously programmed to the same values.

The counter value is not expected to be stable, it drifts up and down with
each allocation and eviction. The CSU register provides the value for a
point in time.

Tested-by: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@oss.qualcomm.com>
Tested-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shaopeng Tan <tan.shaopeng@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Jesse Chick <jessechick@os.amperecomputing.com>
Reviewed-by: Zeng Heng <zengheng4@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Co-developed-by: Ben Horgan <ben.horgan@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Horgan <ben.horgan@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
2026-03-27 15:32:42 +00:00
Shanker DonthineniandJames Morse dc48eb1ff2 arm_mpam: Add workaround for T241-MPAM-6
The registers MSMON_MBWU_L and MSMON_MBWU return the number of requests
rather than the number of bytes transferred.

Bandwidth resource monitoring is performed at the last level cache, where
each request arrive in 64Byte granularity. The current implementation
returns the number of transactions received at the last level cache but
does not provide the value in bytes. Scaling by 64 gives an accurate byte
count to match the MPAM specification for the MSMON_MBWU and MSMON_MBWU_L
registers. This patch fixes the issue by reporting the actual number of
bytes instead of the number of transactions from __ris_msmon_read().

Tested-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shaopeng Tan <tan.shaopeng@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@oss.qualcomm.com>
Tested-by: Peter Newman <peternewman@google.com>
Tested-by: Jesse Chick <jessechick@os.amperecomputing.com>
Reviewed-by: Zeng Heng <zengheng4@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Shaopeng Tan <tan.shaopeng@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Shanker Donthineni <sdonthineni@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Horgan <ben.horgan@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
2026-03-27 15:32:41 +00:00
Shanker DonthineniandJames Morse a7efe23ed6 arm_mpam: Add workaround for T241-MPAM-4
In the T241 implementation of memory-bandwidth partitioning, in the absence
of contention for bandwidth, the minimum bandwidth setting can affect the
amount of achieved bandwidth. Specifically, the achieved bandwidth in the
absence of contention can settle to any value between the values of
MPAMCFG_MBW_MIN and MPAMCFG_MBW_MAX.  Also, if MPAMCFG_MBW_MIN is set
zero (below 0.78125%), once a core enters a throttled state, it will never
leave that state.

The first issue is not a concern if the MPAM software allows to program
MPAMCFG_MBW_MIN through the sysfs interface. This patch ensures program
MBW_MIN=1 (0.78125%) whenever MPAMCFG_MBW_MIN=0 is programmed.

In the scenario where the resctrl doesn't support the MBW_MIN interface via
sysfs, to achieve bandwidth closer to MBW_MAX in the absence of contention,
software should configure a relatively narrow gap between MBW_MIN and
MBW_MAX. The recommendation is to use a 5% gap to mitigate the problem.

Clear the feature MBW_MIN feature from the class to ensure we don't
accidentally change behaviour when resctrl adds support for a MBW_MIN
interface.

Tested-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shaopeng Tan <tan.shaopeng@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Jesse Chick <jessechick@os.amperecomputing.com>
Reviewed-by: Zeng Heng <zengheng4@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Shaopeng Tan <tan.shaopeng@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghuay@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Shanker Donthineni <sdonthineni@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Horgan <ben.horgan@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
2026-03-27 15:32:41 +00:00
Shanker DonthineniandJames Morse 70e81fbedc arm_mpam: Add workaround for T241-MPAM-1
The MPAM bandwidth partitioning controls will not be correctly configured,
and hardware will retain default configuration register values, meaning
generally that bandwidth will remain unprovisioned.

To address the issue, follow the below steps after updating the MBW_MIN
and/or MBW_MAX registers.

 - Perform 64b reads from all 12 bridge MPAM shadow registers at offsets
   (0x360048 + slice*0x10000 + partid*8). These registers are read-only.
 - Continue iterating until all 12 shadow register values match in a loop.
   pr_warn_once if the values fail to match within the loop count 1000.
 - Perform 64b writes with the value 0x0 to the two spare registers at
   offsets 0x1b0000 and 0x1c0000.

In the hardware, writes to the MPAMCFG_MBW_MAX MPAMCFG_MBW_MIN registers
are transformed into broadcast writes to the 12 shadow registers. The
final two writes to the spare registers cause a final rank of downstream
micro-architectural MPAM registers to be updated from the shadow copies.
The intervening loop to read the 12 shadow registers helps avoid a race
condition where writes to the spare registers occur before all shadow
registers have been updated.

Tested-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shaopeng Tan <tan.shaopeng@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@oss.qualcomm.com>
Tested-by: Jesse Chick <jessechick@os.amperecomputing.com>
Reviewed-by: Zeng Heng <zengheng4@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Shaopeng Tan <tan.shaopeng@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Shanker Donthineni <sdonthineni@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Horgan <ben.horgan@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
2026-03-27 15:32:41 +00:00
Robin MurphyandWill Deacon 3b79398383 iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Update Arm errata
MMU-700 r1p1 has subsequently fixed some of the errata for which we've
been applying the workarounds unconditionally, so we can now make those
conditional. However, there have also been some more new cases
identified where we must rely on range invalidation commands, and thus
still nominally avoid DVM being inadvertently enabled.

Signed-off-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
2026-03-24 13:46:36 +00:00
Sean Christopherson 165e773538 KVM: x86/tdx: Do VMXON and TDX-Module initialization during subsys init
Now that VMXON can be done without bouncing through KVM, do TDX-Module
initialization during subsys init (specifically before module_init() so
that it runs before KVM when both are built-in).  Aside from the obvious
benefits of separating core TDX code from KVM, this will allow tagging a
pile of TDX functions and globals as being __init and __ro_after_init.

Reviewed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Gao <chao.gao@intel.com>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Chao Gao <chao.gao@intel.com>
Tested-by: Sagi Shahar <sagis@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260214012702.2368778-12-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-03-04 08:52:59 -08:00
Linus Torvalds cee73b1e84 Merge tag 'riscv-for-linus-7.0-mw1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux
Pull RISC-V updates from Paul Walmsley:

 - Add support for control flow integrity for userspace processes.

   This is based on the standard RISC-V ISA extensions Zicfiss and
   Zicfilp

 - Improve ptrace behavior regarding vector registers, and add some
   selftests

 - Optimize our strlen() assembly

 - Enable the ISO-8859-1 code page as built-in, similar to ARM64, for
   EFI volume mounting

 - Clean up some code slightly, including defining copy_user_page() as
   copy_page() rather than memcpy(), aligning us with other
   architectures; and using max3() to slightly simplify an expression
   in riscv_iommu_init_check()

* tag 'riscv-for-linus-7.0-mw1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux: (42 commits)
  riscv: lib: optimize strlen loop efficiency
  selftests: riscv: vstate_exec_nolibc: Use the regular prctl() function
  selftests: riscv: verify ptrace accepts valid vector csr values
  selftests: riscv: verify ptrace rejects invalid vector csr inputs
  selftests: riscv: verify syscalls discard vector context
  selftests: riscv: verify initial vector state with ptrace
  selftests: riscv: test ptrace vector interface
  riscv: ptrace: validate input vector csr registers
  riscv: csr: define vtype register elements
  riscv: vector: init vector context with proper vlenb
  riscv: ptrace: return ENODATA for inactive vector extension
  kselftest/riscv: add kselftest for user mode CFI
  riscv: add documentation for shadow stack
  riscv: add documentation for landing pad / indirect branch tracking
  riscv: create a Kconfig fragment for shadow stack and landing pad support
  arch/riscv: add dual vdso creation logic and select vdso based on hw
  arch/riscv: compile vdso with landing pad and shadow stack note
  riscv: enable kernel access to shadow stack memory via the FWFT SBI call
  riscv: add kernel command line option to opt out of user CFI
  riscv/hwprobe: add zicfilp / zicfiss enumeration in hwprobe
  ...
2026-02-12 19:17:44 -08:00
Linus Torvalds 192c015940 Merge tag 'powerpc-7.0-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux
Pull powerpc updates for 7.0

 - Implement masked user access

 - Add bpf support for internal only per-CPU instructions and inline the
   bpf_get_smp_processor_id() and bpf_get_current_task() functions

 - Fix pSeries MSI-X allocation failure when quota is exceeded

 - Fix recursive pci_lock_rescan_remove locking in EEH event handling

 - Support tailcalls with subprogs & BPF exceptions on 64bit

 - Extend "trusted" keys to support the PowerVM Key Wrapping Module
   (PKWM)

Thanks to Abhishek Dubey, Christophe Leroy, Gaurav Batra, Guangshuo Li,
Jarkko Sakkinen, Mahesh Salgaonkar, Mimi Zohar, Miquel Sabaté Solà, Nam
Cao, Narayana Murty N, Nayna Jain, Nilay Shroff, Puranjay Mohan, Saket
Kumar Bhaskar, Sourabh Jain, Srish Srinivasan, and Venkat Rao Bagalkote.

* tag 'powerpc-7.0-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (27 commits)
  powerpc/pseries: plpks: export plpks_wrapping_is_supported
  docs: trusted-encryped: add PKWM as a new trust source
  keys/trusted_keys: establish PKWM as a trusted source
  pseries/plpks: add HCALLs for PowerVM Key Wrapping Module
  pseries/plpks: expose PowerVM wrapping features via the sysfs
  powerpc/pseries: move the PLPKS config inside its own sysfs directory
  pseries/plpks: fix kernel-doc comment inconsistencies
  powerpc/smp: Add check for kcalloc() failure in parse_thread_groups()
  powerpc: kgdb: Remove OUTBUFMAX constant
  powerpc64/bpf: Additional NVR handling for bpf_throw
  powerpc64/bpf: Support exceptions
  powerpc64/bpf: Add arch_bpf_stack_walk() for BPF JIT
  powerpc64/bpf: Avoid tailcall restore from trampoline
  powerpc64/bpf: Support tailcalls with subprogs
  powerpc64/bpf: Moving tail_call_cnt to bottom of frame
  powerpc/eeh: fix recursive pci_lock_rescan_remove locking in EEH event handling
  powerpc/pseries: Fix MSI-X allocation failure when quota is exceeded
  powerpc/iommu: bypass DMA APIs for coherent allocations for pre-mapped memory
  powerpc64/bpf: Inline bpf_get_smp_processor_id() and bpf_get_current_task/_btf()
  powerpc64/bpf: Support internal-only MOV instruction to resolve per-CPU addrs
  ...
2026-02-10 21:46:12 -08:00