| `DPLoadTLUT*` | = | = | Up | Load is not sent to RDP if repeated in auto-batched rendering. See the GBI comment near `SPDontSkipTexLoadsAcross`. This is a performance optimization only and doesn't affect on-screen output unless the game is buggy / misusing the feature, so this behavior need not be emulated in HLE. |
| `SPVertex` | = | = | Up | Vertex buffer size in F3DEX3 is 56, up from 32 in F3DEX2. Also, many of the new features in F3DEX3 (new lighting, occlusion plane, etc.) are during `SPVertex` processing. |
| `Vtx_t` / `Vtx` | * | * | | Generally the same, but packed normals go in the `flag` field if enabled. |
| `SPModifyVertex` | = | = | | |
| `G_MWO_POINT_RGBA` | = | = | | |
| `G_MWO_POINT_ST` | = | = | | |
| `G_MWO_POINT_XYSCREEN` | = | = | | |
| `G_MWO_POINT_ZSCREEN` | = | = | | |
| `G_MV_POINT` | Rem | Rem | | Removed because the internal vertex format is no longer a multiple of 8 (DMA word). |
| `SPTexture` | = | = | | |
| `SPTextureL` | = | = | | HW V1 workaround; long since deprecated. |
| `SP1Triangle` | = | = | Up | Some of the new features in F3DEX3 (occlusion plane, alpha compare culling, decal fix) are during triangle processing. |
| `SPDisplayList*` | = | = | | Hints are encoded into previously unused bits, but this is a performance optimization only and will never affect on-screen output, so the hints encoding can be ignored by HLE. |
| `G_DL_PUSH` | = | = | | |
| `SPBranchList*` | = | = | | Same as `SPDisplayList*` above. |
| `G_DL_NOPUSH` | = | = | | |
| `SPEndDisplayList*` | = | = | | Same as `SPDisplayList*` above. |
| `SPCullDisplayList` | = | = | | |
| `SPBranchLess*` | * | * | | In `BrZ` configuration, Z threshold values which are hard-coded into display lists (not based on `G_MAXZ`) must be multiplied by 0x20. See `G_MAXZ` below. |
| `SPLoadUcode*` | = | = | | Note that F3DEX3_PC (CFG_PROFILING_C) may have compatibility problems with other microcodes. It is specially designed to work with S2DEX for OoT but other microcodes are not guaranteed to work. This is not a limitation in other F3DEX3 variants. |
| `SPDma*` | = | = | Down | Moved to Overlay 3 (slower) as it is rarely used. HLE can't emulate this by definition so must treat it as a no-op; games therefore use it for HLE/LLE detection. |
| `SPSegment` | * | * | | F3DEX3 supports F3DEX2 binary encoding for SPSegment, but this does not have the relative segment resolution behavior. The new behavior is obtained with the new command encoding with `G_RELSEGMENT`. |
| `G_MW_SEGMENT` | = | = | | |
| `G_MWO_SEGMENT_*` | = | = | | These were never needed. |
| `SPFlush` | New | New | Up | This is a performance optimization only and can't be HLE emulated, so it should be treated as a no-op. |
| `G*` (`Gfx` subtypes) | ? | ? | | Deprecated. These did not fully reflect the bits usage in actual commands even in F3DEX2. Almost none of these have been updated for F3DEX3. |
| `G_MTX_PUSH` | = | = | Down | `SPMatrix` processing with `G_MTX_PUSH` set is moved to Overlay 3 (slower) as games generally should not use the RSP matrix stack for accuracy and performance reasons (see GBI). |
| `G_MTX_LOAD` | Chg | = | | Encoding inverted (in SPMatrix, not in the definition of `G_MTX_LOAD`). |
| `G_MTX_MUL` | Chg | = | | Encoding inverted (in SPMatrix, not in the definition of `G_MTX_MUL`). |
| `G_MTX_MODEL` | = | New | | New name for `G_MTX_MODELVIEW` as the view matrix must be multiplied into the projection matrix stack in F3DEX3. |
| `G_MTX_VIEWPROJECTION` | = | New | | New name for `G_MTX_PROJECTION` as the view matrix must be multiplied into the projection matrix stack in F3DEX3. |
| `SPPopMatrix*` | Chg | = | Down | Moved to Overlay 3 (slower) as games generally should not use the RSP matrix stack for accuracy and performance reasons (see GBI). Encoding is changed due to `G_MV_MMTX` changing. |
| `G_MAXZ` | Rem | Rem | | Replaced with `G_NEW_MAXZ`. The name change is to force you to update your code--especially viewport definitions with hardcoded constants which are NOT defined in terms of `G_MAXZ`. |
| `G_NEW_MAXZ` | New | New | | The equivalent of `G_MAXZ` constant used in viewport calculations. |
| `G_MW_PERSPNORM` | Rem | Rem | | Removed. The perspective normalization factor is set via `G_MW_FX` with the changed encoding of `SPPerspNormalize`. |
| `SPClipRatio` | Chg | Chg | | Converted into no-op. It is not possible to change the clip ratio from 2 in F3DEX3. Changing the clip ratio was rarely used in production games. |
| `Light_t`, `Light` | Chg | * | | `type` field must be set to 0 (`LIGHT_TYPE_DIR`) to indicate directional light. `size` field for specular added. Otherwise the same, though note that now there is not an extra 8 bytes of padding between lights (the offset between them is 16, not 24). |
| `Ambient_t`, `Ambient` | = | = | | Note that you must use `Ambient`, not `Light`, for the ambient light if you have 9 directional/point lights. |
| `Lights1`, `Lights2`, ... | Chg | * | | The ambient light is at the end, not the beginning. The data layout matches the RSP internal data layout to enable `SPSetLights`. |
| `Lightsn` | Chg | * | | Same as `Lights1` etc. Also, now 9 directional/point lights. |
| `Lights0` | Chg | Chg | | Now only contains Ambient (no Light) because F3DEX3 properly supports zero directional/point lights. |
| `SPDefLights*` | Chg | = | | Matches changes in `Lights*`. Also, there is no need for these in a game with a real lighting engine. |
| `SPDefPointLights*` | Chg | = | | Matches changes in `Lights*`. Also, there is no need for these in a game with a real lighting engine. |
| `SPNumLights` | Chg | Chg | | Encoding changed. `ENABLE_POINT_LIGHTS` can now be included. Zero lights is properly supported unlike in F3DEX2. The maximum number of point/directional lights is 9, up from 7. |
| `G_MW_NUMLIGHT` | = | = | | |
| `G_MWO_NUMLIGHT` | = | = | | |
| `NUML` | Chg | = | | Encoding changed. |
| `NUMLIGHTS_*` | Chg | = | | Deprecated as these are just defined equal to their number, because F3DEX3 supports zero lights. |
| `SPLight` | Chg | = | | Encoding changed. Note that you must use `SPAmbient`, not `SPLight`, for the ambient light if you have 9 directional/point lights. Also note that you should usually use `SPSetLights` unless you need to set individual lights without affecting the others. |
| `SPAmbient` | New | New | | New command to upload the ambient light. If you have 0-8 directional/point lights, you can also use `SPLight` for this (slightly slower), but if you have 9 directional/point lights you must use `SPAmbient`. |
| `SPSetLights*` | Chg | * | Up | Implementation completely different from F3DEX2, uses one DMA transaction regardless of the number of lights. In C, you can/should use dynamically allocated memory for the `Lights*` struct being uploaded, as opposed to `SPDefLights*`, but you need to dereference the pointer passed to `SPSetLights*`. |
| `SPLookAt` | New | New | | Replaces `SPLookAtX` and `SPLookAtY`. |
| `SPLookAtX` | Chg | * | | Encoding changed; in an attempt at backwards compatibility, defined as `SPLookAt`, which works with basic usage. |
| `SPLookAtY` | Chg | * | | Converted to no-op. |
| `G_MVO_LOOKAT*` | Rem | Rem | | Removed with `SPLookAt` changes. |
| `LookAt_t`, `LookAt` | Chg | * | | The size is different and most of the non-functional fields have been removed. Code which only accesses the functional fields does not need to change. |
| `G_TEXTURE_ENABLE` | = | = | | Same behavior as F3DEX2: if actual value of 2 is set in the geometry mode but textures disabled with `SPTexture`, will crash. So GBI defines it to 0. |
| `G_ATTROFFSET_ST_ENABLE` | New | New | | New geometry mode bit that enables ST attribute offsets, usually for smooth scrolling. |
| `SPAttrOffsetST` | New | New | | New command which writes ST attribute offsets using `G_MWO_ATTR_OFFSET_*`. |
| `G_MWO_ATTR_OFFSET_S` | New | New | | |
| `G_MWO_ATTR_OFFSET_T` | New | New | | |
| `G_AMBOCCLUSION` | New | New | | |
| `SPAmbOcclusion*` | New | New | | New commands which write ambient occlusion parameters using `G_MWO_AO_*`. |
| `G_MWO_AO_AMBIENT` | New | New | | |
| `G_MWO_AO_DIRECTIONAL` | New | New | | |
| `G_MWO_AO_POINT` | New | New | | |
| `G_CULL_NEITHER` | = | = | | |
| `G_CULL_FRONT` | = | = | | |
| `G_CULL_BACK` | = | = | | |
| `G_CULL_BOTH` | = | = | | |
| `G_PACKED_NORMALS` | New | New | | New geometry mode bit that enables packed normals (simultaneous lighting and vertex colors). |
| `G_LIGHTTOALPHA` | New | New | | New geometry mode bit that moves the maximum of the three light color channels to shade alpha, usually for cel shading. |
| `G_LIGHTING_SPECULAR` | New | New | | New geometry mode bit that changes lighting from diffuse to specular. |
| `G_FRESNEL_COLOR` | New | New | | New geometry mode bit that computes Fresnel and places it in all three shade color channels. |
| `G_FRESNEL_ALPHA` | New | New | | New geometry mode bit that computes Fresnel and places it in shade alpha. |
| `SPFresnel*` | New | New | | New commands which write Fresnel parameters using `G_MWO_FRESNEL_*`. |
| `G_MWO_FRESNEL_SCALE` | New | New | | |
| `G_MWO_FRESNEL_OFFSET` | New | New | | |
| `G_FOG` | = | = | | |
| `G_LIGHTING` | = | = | | |
| `G_TEXTURE_GEN` | = | = | | |
| `G_TEXTURE_GEN_LINEAR` | = | = | | |
| `G_LOD` | = | = | | Ignored by all F3DEX* variants. |
| `G_SHADING_SMOOTH` | = | = | | |
| `G_LIGHTING_POSITIONAL` | Chg | Chg | | This bit is ignored by F3DEX3--both in order to allow point lighting on all vanilla geometry, and because the F3DEX2_PL design of having this as a property of an object/model rather than a property of the lights state is poor design. In F3DEX3, whether point lights are present or not is determined by the `ENABLE_POINT_LIGHTS` flag in `SPNumLights` and `SPSetLights*`. |
| `G_CLIPPING` | = | = | | Ignored by all F3DEX* variants. |
| `SPOcclusionPlane` | New | New | | New command that uploads the occlusion plane coefficients. |
| `OcclusionPlane*` | New | New | | Structs for occlusion plane. |
| `SPLightToRDP` | New | New | | New command that copies RSP light color to RDP color, see GBI. |
| `SPLightToPrimColor` | New | New | | Same as `SPLightToRDP` above. |
| `SPLightToFogColor` | New | New | | Same as `SPLightToRDP` above. |
| `SPDontSkipTexLoadsAcross` | New | New | Up | New command which locally cancels auto-batched rendering by writing an invalid address to `G_MWO_LAST_MAT_DL_ADDR`. |
| `G_MWO_LAST_MAT_DL_ADDR` | New | New | | |
| `SPAlphaCompareCull` | New | New | Up | New command which enables culling of tris based on shade alpha values, for cel shading. Normal use of this command in cel shading is a performance optimization only and doesn't affect on-screen output, so it can be treated as a no-op by an initial HLE implementation. But it is easy to write a display list where it does affect on-screen output, so a good HLE implementation should emulate it. |
