indd-utils/docs/format/attributes.md

Attribute lists

Formatting is stored as attribute lists (on page items: chunk 0x6E03). Decoded in src/model/attrs.rs. The IDML name and value kind of each ID are in the tables of src/idml/attrs.rs; src/idml/kind.rs converts each kind.

Layout

u32 count, then for each attribute:

Size	Field
4	Attribute ID
2	Payload size n
n	Payload: u16 value count, then values

Each value: u32 type, u16 length, data. The first value is the attribute's value. Every attribute in the samples has a second value of type 0x6E63 with 6 bytes, meaning unknown.

Type	Length	Value
0x6E68	8	f64
0x6E67	4	i32
0x6E65	2	u16 (enumeration or boolean)
0x6E69	16	two f64 (a point)
0x117	4	UID reference

All 2,730 page item chunks of this layout in the samples parse exactly.

Page item attributes

The list holds the item's local values. IDML writes an attribute only when it differs from the applied object style, so a value can be in the INDD list and absent from the IDML.

ID	IDML attribute	Evidence: IDML value equals INDD value
0x6E68	FillColor (swatch UID)	1,190 of 1,194
0x6E69	FillTint; 100 is written as −1 (strokes, below)	10 of 10
0x6E64	StrokeColor (swatch UID)	78 of 82
0x6E65	StrokeWeight	171 of 171
0x6E6D	MiterLimit	778 of 778
0x6E6F	CornerOption: code 0 = None, 0x5A15 = RoundedCorner, 0x5A16 = InverseRoundedCorner (the codes of object styles, objects.md)	20 of 23 for 0x5A15; with all three codes, 1,876 of 1,995 rectangles, 504 of 520 text frames and 489 of 489 page item defaults in the trustworthy pairs
0x6E70	CornerRadius	213 of 216
0x6E70, 0x6E94, 0x6E92, 0x6E93	TopLeftCornerRadius, TopRightCornerRadius, BottomLeftCornerRadius, BottomRightCornerRadius (below)	each radius ID against its own corner 4,357, 3,200, 3,276 and 3,325 matches, no mismatch
0x6E6F, 0x6E91, 0x6E8F, 0x6E90	TopLeftCornerOption, TopRightCornerOption, BottomLeftCornerOption, BottomRightCornerOption: codes as CornerOption (below)	11,211 of 11,211
0x551F	GradientFillLength	all non-zero (30)
0x5520	GradientFillStart (point)	all non-zero (30)
0x5525	GradientStrokeLength (assumed; equal to fill in all samples)	30
0x5526	GradientStrokeStart (assumed; equal to fill in all samples)	30
0x6E6E	StrokeType (built-in stroke style code, below)	51 of 51 items, 576 of 576 object styles; strokes, below
0x6E8C	StrokeAlignment: 0 CenterAlignment, 1 InsideAlignment, 2 OutsideAlignment (below)	strokes, below
0x6E66, 0x6E89, 0x6E8A, 0x6E6B, 0x6E6C, 0x6E71, 0x6E72, 0x6E84	StrokeTint, GapColor, GapTint, EndCap, EndJoin, LeftLineEnd, RightLineEnd, ArrowHeadAlignment	strokes, below

Corners. The top-left corner uses the same IDs as CornerRadius and CornerOption. The corner option codes are 0 None, 0x5A15 RoundedCorner, 0x5A16 InverseRoundedCorner, 0x5A17 InsetCorner, 0x5A18 BevelCorner and 0x5A19 FancyCorner; all six occur. The evidence is over the items of the trustworthy pairs whose corners differ: each radius ID matches its own corner with no mismatch, and has 16 to 71 mismatches against each other corner. The same IDs hold the corners of object styles (chunk 0x1B92B) and of the page item defaults (class 0x6E07): all four radii and options of PageItemDefault match in 495 of 495 documents.

Values equal to the object style. The style's effective value is its own (chunk 0x1B92B), else that of the style it is based on, else the root [None]'s (StrokeWeight="0", FillTint="-1", FillColor and StrokeColor Swatch/None, CornerRadius="12", MiterLimit="4", CornerOption="None"; idml-values.md). Over the 489 trustworthy pairs, the converter wrote these values where the IDML has none, and every one of them equals the style's effective value (the stroke attributes of the strokes section follow the same rule):

Attribute	Written though the IDML has none	IDML writes it though equal
StrokeWeight	27,989	5
CornerRadius	1,608	0
FillTint	1,423	0
StrokeColor	1,336	0
FillColor	312	0
CornerOption	87	0
MiterLimit	26	0

Of the StrokeWeight values, the 26,969 on items whose IDML element has the same tag all equal the style (17,501 text frames, 7,070 rectangles, 2,074 polygons, 297 ovals, 27 lines); the others are on shapes written as another element type. The converter leaves out these attributes, and the four corner radii and options, when they equal the style's value (numbers to 6 significant digits).

Values an item does not store

Every document has one object of class 0x6E02 (606 of 606 trustworthy pairs). Its chunk 0x6E03 is a page item attribute list with every fill, stroke and corner attribute. An item whose own list lacks an attribute has the value of this base list, not that of its object style. IDML writes that value where it differs from the object style's effective value, the same rule as for stored values.

The base lists differ in two ways across the trustworthy pairs, always together: 481 documents have StrokeWeight 1 and corner radii 12, 125 have 0.2835 (0.1 mm) and 14.1732 (5 mm). All have StrokeColor and FillColor naming the swatch None, FillTint −1, MiterLimit 4, StrokeType Solid, StrokeAlignment CenterAlignment and corner options None.

Evidence: an analysis script looked for the field that tells the documents whose items have StrokeWeight="0.2834645669291339" apart from those whose items have 1, by testing every f64 of every object whose class occurs once per document; the StrokeWeight of this list matched 294 of 295 documents. With the base values and the rule above, the converter reproduces, over the rectangles, ovals, polygons, graphic lines and text frames of the trustworthy pairs (anchored ones included), 8,790 of 8,794 StrokeColor values, 54,694 of 54,694 StrokeWeight, 42,500 of 42,504 MiterLimit and 6,383 of 6,387 CornerRadius, with no extra value. The values not reproduced in that measurement were on 4 text frames without an object style (no object style, below) and on items with stored values not decoded then (77 FillTint, stored fills such as pasted smooth shades, the stroke alignment OutsideAlignment and stroke types; strokes, below). Over all pairs, 4 extra StrokeWeight values appear, in 3 stale pairs.

IDML writes no corner attributes for EPS text (class 0x660B; none in 634 elements), so only its other attributes follow the rule.

Groups. A group (class 0x401) stores none of these attributes. IDML gives a group, for each fill, stroke and corner attribute, the value that all its child page items have in effect: the child's own value (stored, or from the base list where IDML writes it), else its object style's effective value; for a child group, its own shared value. EPS text has no corner values and is left out for the corners. IDML writes the shared value when it differs from the group's object style value, when the style turns the category off, when the group has no object style, and for a fill or stroke tint that every child stores as 100 (written −1, strokes below); it leaves the attribute out when the children differ.

With this rule the converter reproduces, over the groups of the 1,251 trustworthy pairs of the corpus after 2026-10 (none was written before):

Attribute	Values
StrokeWeight	4,741 of 4,741
FillColor	3,813 of 3,813
MiterLimit	3,679 of 3,679
StrokeColor	1,221 of 1,221
CornerRadius, TopLeftCornerRadius	1,001 of 1,001 each
StrokeTint	664 of 664
FillTint	417 of 417
BottomLeftCornerRadius, BottomRightCornerRadius	326 of 326 each
TopRightCornerRadius	296 of 296
GapColor	124 of 124
corner options (five attributes)	92 to 103 of as many
LeftLineEnd, RightLineEnd, StrokeAlignment, EndJoin, EndCap	40, 9, 15, 7 and 2 of as many
StrokeType	15 of 17

In 38 of the FillTint values every child stores a fill tint of 100, and the group has −1. The rule adds 27 extra values: 3 documents of versions 10 to 12 whose groups have CornerRadius and TopLeftCornerRadius but not the other three radii, although every child has all four, and one StrokeType. OverprintFill and OverprintStroke of groups follow the children with ink only (objects.md, page item overprint).

Category turned off. When the item's object style (other than the root [None]) turns a category off, IDML writes the item's values of that category even where they equal the style's, stored or from the base list:

Category (ID in chunk 0x1B92E)	Attributes
EnableFill (0x1B933)	FillColor, FillTint
EnableStroke (0x1B934)	StrokeColor
EnableStrokeAndCornerOptions (0x1B935, 0x1B936)	StrokeWeight, MiterLimit, StrokeAlignment, EndCap, EndJoin, the line ends, ArrowHeadAlignment, corner radii and options
both stroke categories	StrokeType, StrokeTint, GapColor, GapTint

Evidence over the trustworthy pairs: 66 items with styles that turn all three off and 2 with styles that turn off both stroke categories have every such attribute in IDML, with the stored or base value; 12 items whose style turns off only EnableStrokeAndCornerOptions have StrokeWeight, MiterLimit, StrokeAlignment and the corners, but no StrokeColor or StrokeType. No sample turns off only EnableStroke, so the category of StrokeType is not shown; the converter writes it when both are off. The 68 items also have StrokeTint, EndCap, EndJoin, GapColor and GapTint, and the 12 items EndCap and EndJoin but not StrokeTint, GapColor or GapTint, which gives the categories of the table (the line ends and ArrowHeadAlignment follow the 12 items in the corpus after 2026-10).

No object style. An item without an applied object style has AppliedObjectStyle="n" in IDML, and IDML writes every fill, stroke and corner attribute of the item, stored or from the base list: 60 of 60 such items (35 rectangles, 25 text frames) of the trustworthy pairs after 2026-10, every attribute equal.

Transparency attributes (IDs 0x108xx and 0x1EBxx) are described in transparency.md.

Strokes

Object styles (class 0x1B901) hold a full page item attribute list in chunk 0x1B92B, with the same record layout as chunk 0x6E03 but a u16 count. The converter reads them (object style lists in indd audit) and writes them with the page item table. They also add evidence: the corpus pairs have 576 object styles whose name matches an IDML ObjectStyle.

Stroke type (0x6E6E). The record has three values: a reference (type 0x117), a code (type 0x6E64, 4 bytes) and the usual 6-byte value. With reference 0 the code names a built-in stroke style. IDML writes StrokeType as StrokeStyle/$ID/<name>.

Code	IDML stroke style	Evidence
0x5A29	Solid	574 object styles in 135 files
0x5A2A	Dashed	2,326 items in 40 files
0x5A37	Canned Dashed 4x4	52 items in 20 files
0x5A38	Canned Dashed 3x2	160 items in 45 files
0x5A39	Canned Dotted	345 items in 30 files
0x5A3A	Wavy	4 items in 1 file
0x5A3B	Straight Hash	109 items in 43 files
0x5A3C	Right Slant Hash	2 items in 1 file
0x5A3E	White Diamond	33 items in 18 files
0x5A3F	Japanese Dots	913 items in 29 files; cells (tables.md)
0xB004	ThinThin	31 items in 3 files
0xB005	ThinThick	10 items in 3 files
0xB006	ThickThin	44 items in 12 files; object styles
0xB007	ThickThick	35 items in 13 files; cells
0xB009	ThickThinThick	1 item
0xB01A	Triple_Stroke	5 items in 3 files

Item counts are over the items of the 1,251 trustworthy pairs of the corpus after 2026-10 with reference 0, IDML value against stored code. No code has two IDML values. The codes are the same in every list that names a stroke style (items, object styles, cells, tables, paragraph rules, underlines and strike-throughs), so the converter uses one table. Codes 0x5A3D and 0xB008 occur only in files without a trustworthy IDML.

Custom stroke styles. A record with code 0x5A42 and a non-zero reference names a custom stroke style: the reference is the UID of an object of class 0xB016 (striped) or 0x5A43 (dashed). IDML defines each in Resources/Graphic.xml after the built-in StrokeStyle elements and names it in StrokeType as StripedStrokeStyle/<name> or DashedStrokeStyle/<name>.

Class	Chunk	Layout	IDML
0xB016	0xB023	flag byte, in-object string	Name
0xB016	0xB002	u32 n, then n pairs of f64 (start, width), fractions of the stroke weight	StripeArray: each value × 100, in stored order
0x5A43	0x5A48	flag byte, in-object string	Name
0x5A43	0x5A4F	u32 n, n f64 dash and gap lengths in points, u16 corner adjustment, u32 end cap	DashArray (the values as stored), StrokeCornerAdjustment (3 DashesAndGaps), EndCap (as 0x6E6B)

IDML writes Self, StripeArray, Name for a striped style and Self, DashArray, StrokeCornerAdjustment, EndCap, Name for a dashed one; Self is StripedStrokeStyle/<name> or DashedStrokeStyle/<name>. Every object of the two classes is written, also where nothing uses it, in UID order.

Evidence over the trustworthy pairs of the corpus after 2026-10: the converter reproduces 21 of 21 StripedStrokeStyle elements (one definition, (0, 0.05), IDML StripeArray="0 5") and 5 of 5 DashedStrokeStyle elements (one definition: 24, 0, corner 3, cap 1, IDML DashArray="24 0", StrokeCornerAdjustment="DashesAndGaps", EndCap="RoundEndCap"), with every attribute, and with them 21 more object style StrokeType values, 5 graphic line values and one of PageItemDefault. Four of the five files with the dashed style use it nowhere. A chunk whose length is not that of its layout leaves the style out with a warning. Over the 6,039 distinct INDD and INDT files of the corpus outside the privately held samples, 78 files have such styles: all 98 striped and 119 dashed objects have the chunk lengths of the layout (4 + 16n and 4 + 8n + 6, either byte order). Striped styles have 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 or 7 stripes; every dashed style has an even number of lengths, corner code 3 (117) or 0 (2) and end cap 0 (108) or 1 (11). Only the one-stripe form and corner code 3 occur in a pair.

Stroke alignment (0x6E8C). 0 CenterAlignment, 1 InsideAlignment (3,238 items in 44 files), 2 OutsideAlignment (196 items in 50 files). Object styles use 0x1BB8 with the same codes.

More stroke attributes. Object styles other than [None] were matched by Self with their IDML style over the 1,251 trustworthy pairs (4,305 styles; every one has the IDs below except 0x6E84), and page items by Self with their IDML element:

ID	IDML attribute	Values	Object styles
0x6E66	StrokeTint	f64; 100 is written as −1	4,305 of 4,305; 69 styles other than −1 (25 to 75)
0x6E89	GapColor	swatch UID	4,305 of 4,305; 23 Color/Paper
0x6E8A	GapTint	f64; 100 is written as −1	two styles with 100 have −1 in IDML
0x6E6B	EndCap	0 ButtEndCap, 1 RoundEndCap, 2 ProjectingEndCap	4,305 of 4,305; 3 round
0x6E6C	EndJoin	0 MiterEndJoin, 1 RoundEndJoin, 2 BevelEndJoin	4,305 of 4,305; 5 round
0x6E71	LeftLineEnd	line end code (below)	4,305 of 4,305; 9 other than None
0x6E72	RightLineEnd	line end code	4,305 of 4,305; 14 other than None
0x6E84	ArrowHeadAlignment	0 InsidePath, 1 OutsidePath	in the 3,349 styles whose IDML has the attribute, 3,349 of 3,349; one style has 1

Line end codes (u32): 0 None, 0x5A03 SimpleArrowHead (1 item), 0x5A04 SimpleWideArrowHead (110 items in 5 files), 0x5A05 TriangleArrowHead (44 in 8), 0x5A06 TriangleWideArrowHead, 0x5A07 BarbedArrowHead (64 in 6), 0x5A08 CurvedArrowHead, 0x5A09 CircleArrowHead, 0x5A0A CircleSolidArrowHead, 0x5A0C SquareSolidArrowHead (the page item defaults of 5 files) and 0x5A0D BarArrowHead. EndCap 2 occurs on 4 items in 3 files, EndJoin 2 on 6 items in 1 file. One line in the pairs before 2026-10 has 0x6E71 = 0x5A08 and 0x6E72 = 0x5A0D with LeftLineEnd="CurvedArrowHead" and RightLineEnd="BarArrowHead", which gives 0x5A0D. ArrowHeadAlignment code 1 rests on one style; that style's line ends are mapped by their own IDs, which leaves 0x6E84.

On page items IDML writes these attributes, the stroke type and the stroke alignment by the rule of the fill and stroke colour: the value the item stores (or that of the base list) where it differs from the applied object style's effective value, every value where the style turns the category off, and every value without a style (above). Groups never store these IDs; their values come from their children (values an item does not store, groups).

A tint is compared as stored: an item that stores 100 differs from a style value of −1, and IDML writes it as −1. 4,508 items in 192 files store StrokeTint 100 and have StrokeTint="-1" in IDML; no IDML item has StrokeTint="100". Items that store −1, or the style's own value, have no attribute; one polygon that stores 100 has none either. GapTint behaves the same (11 items in 2 files store 100), and so does FillTint: over the 1,252 trustworthy pairs, 90 items in 10 files store a fill tint of 100 (79 polygons, 76 of them in groups, and 11 text frames), and all 90 have FillTint="-1" in IDML. No page item or object style in these IDMLs has FillTint="100".

Over the rectangles, ovals, polygons, graphic lines and text frames of the trustworthy pairs the converter reproduces these values; the one extra value is a polygon of a 19.0 document that stores StrokeTint 100 and has no attribute in IDML:

Attribute	Values
StrokeTint	5,874 of 5,874
EndCap	8,538 of 8,538
EndJoin	8,220 of 8,220
GapColor	435 of 435
GapTint	181 of 181
LeftLineEnd	453 of 453
RightLineEnd	435 of 435
ArrowHeadAlignment	139 of 139
StrokeType	4,230 of 4,235 (5 custom stroke styles)
StrokeAlignment	3,572 of 3,572

The values of PageItemDefault come from the page item defaults list with the same table (preferences.md).

Not identified. LeftArrowHeadScale and RightArrowHeadScale are 100 in every object style and in every PageItemDefault but one, as are 0x6E95 and 0x6E96, so the two IDs cannot be told apart. The converter writes them from the value files on object styles, and from the IDs in their order on PageItemDefault, where the values are equal in every file (preferences.md, page item defaults). 0x6E78 is 0 in every style, 0x6E73 in all but 2; 0x6E78 is Nonprinting of PageItemDefault. 0x6E67, 0x6E6A and 0x6E8B are the overprint flags (objects.md, object style settings). Dashes (0x5A35). Page item attribute 0x5A35 (value type 0x5A36): 8 bytes (0 in every sample), u32 count n, n f64, u16 corner adjustment. IDML writes the f64 list as StrokeDashAndGap (numbers separated by spaces) and the code as StrokeCornerAdjustment: 3 DashesAndGaps, the only code in the samples, which the dashed stroke style's chunk 0x5A4F also stores for DashesAndGaps. IDML has the two attributes only on items whose stroke type in effect is Dashed (StrokeStyle/$ID/Dashed; every such item has them), and on groups by the group rule: no item with another stroke type has them, though 1,251 documents store the attribute in the page item defaults and many items of other stroke types store it. Object styles never have them. With these rules the converter reproduces 2,312 of 2,316 graphic line values of each attribute, 8 of 9 for polygons and 10 of 24 and 29 for groups, with no extra value. The values of 9 rectangles and 7 EPS text items are not written (not examined).

Text attribute lists

Text formatting uses the same record layout with a u16 count. It appears in:

• Styles: chunk 0x23F of a style object (u16 count, records).
• Story runs: each paragraph-style or character-style run record (chunk 0x262, see objects.md) continues after the style UID with a u16 count and records. These are the run's local overrides.

Value types are specific to each attribute (for example 0x1B05 for swatch references, 0x1B28 for point size), so the converter decodes a text value by the layout of its attribute. The attributes whose value is not a single number have their layout listed in text_layout (src/model/attrs.rs): string values (FontStyle) are a flag byte followed by an in-object string; tab lists, nested, GREP and line styles, bullet characters, points, ruby text and cell edge stroke types are described below. Other values are numbers, decoded by length: 8 bytes f64, 4 bytes u32, 2 bytes u16. A value that does not fit its attribute's layout is kept undecoded and not written.

Mapping and evidence

Found by aligning IDML ParagraphStyleRange and CharacterStyleRange elements with INDD runs at the same text offset (1,562 ranges), and IDML styles with INDD styles of the same name (486 styles), then checked with tools/compare.py. Counts are matches/total in the current comparison (ranges + paragraph styles + character styles where present).

ID	IDML attribute	Encoding	Evidence
0x1B01	FillColor	swatch UID	354/354 ranges, 226/226 styles
0x1B02	FontStyle	flag + string; empty: below	474/474 ranges, 202/202 styles
0x1B03	PointSize	f64	1,090/1,090 ranges
0x1B06	HorizontalScale	fraction ×100	2/2 ranges, 75/75 styles
0x1B07	KerningMethod	code: 15972 Metrics, 79875 Optical, 0x3E65 $ID/Metrics - Roman Only (27 styles), 0x221 $ID/None (21 styles and text defaults); a run with manual kerning: below	20/20 ranges, 81/81 styles
0x1B08	Ligatures	1 = true	201/201 ranges
0x1B0A	StrokeWeight	f64	241/241 ranges
0x1B0B	Tracking	thousandths of an em ×1000	49/49 ranges, 94/94 styles
0x1B0C	Composer	code: 0x2001 HL Single, 0x2002 HL Composer, 0x2078 HL Composer Optyca, 0x2079 HL Single Optyca, 0x2010 HL Composer J, 0x2011 HL Single J (runs/styles: 47/14, 0/30, 7/15)	4/4 ranges, 114/114 styles
0x1B0D	DropCapCharacters	u16	79/79 styles; see below
0x1B0E	DropCapLines	u16	79/79 styles; see below
0x1B10	BaselineShift	f64	79/79 styles; see below
0x1B11	Capitalization	0 Normal, 1 SmallCaps, 2 AllCaps, 3 CapToSmallCap, 4 LowerCase	77/77 styles; codes 1, 3 and 4 below
0x1B12	StrokeColor	swatch UID	75/75 styles
0x1B13	KerningValue	ems ×1000, rounded to a whole number; 1e8 = none, written 1e+11	1e8: 144/144 ranges, 29/29 character styles; rounding and scale (from a sample and its print PDF): below
0x1B15	VerticalScale	fraction ×100	79/79 styles; see below
0x1B16	LeftIndent	f64	22/22 ranges
0x1B17	RightIndent	f64	86/86 styles
0x1B18	FirstLineIndent	f64	12/12 ranges
0x1B1A	AutoLeading	fraction ×100	75/75 styles
0x1B1B	Leading (Properties)	f64; negative = Auto	43/43 ranges, 137/137 styles
0x1B1D	AppliedLanguage	language UID; see below	88/88 styles
0x1B1F	Hyphenation	3 = true, 0 = false	204/204 ranges
0x1B24	NoBreak	1 = true	78/78 styles
0x1B25	HyphenationZone	f64	155/155 ranges
0x1B26	SpaceBefore	f64	13/13 ranges
0x1B27	SpaceAfter	f64	42/42 ranges
0x1B29	TabList (Properties)	list; see below	110/110 styles
0x1B2A	Underline	1 = true	81/81 ranges
0x1B2B	AppliedFont (Properties)	font family UID; a composite font as an object (below)	1,071/1,071 ranges, 236/247 styles
0x1B2C	OTFFigureStyle	0 TabularLining (23 runs, 5 styles), 1 ProportionalOldstyle, 2 ProportionalLining, 3 TabularOldstyle (below), 4 Default	4/4 ranges, 138/138 styles
0x1B2E	MaximumWordSpacing	fraction ×100	77/77 styles
0x1B2F	MinimumWordSpacing	fraction ×100	77/77 styles
0x1B31	MaximumLetterSpacing	fraction ×100	78/78 styles; see below
0x1B32	MinimumLetterSpacing	fraction ×100	78/78 styles; see below
0x1B33	DesiredGlyphScaling	fraction ×100	22/22 ParagraphStyleRange elements in 10 documents (96 to 99), 1,251 trustworthy pairs; 1.0 in the root style and text defaults of every pair, as IDML's 100. No other text list of the pairs has it
0x1B37	StartParagraph	0 Anywhere, 1 NextColumn, 2 NextPage, 3 NextFrame, 4 NextOddPage	78/78 styles; codes below
0x1B3C	Position	0 Normal, 1 Superscript, 2 Subscript, 3 OTSuperscript, 4 OTSubscript, 5 OTNumerator, 6 OTDenominator (runs/styles: 107/23, 4/7, 1/0, 3/0, 21/0 for 1, 2, 3, 4, 6)	20/20 ranges, 78/78 styles
0x1B40	KeepLinesTogether	1 = true	78/78 styles; see below
0x1B42	FillTint	f64	24/24 ranges
0x1B46	GradientFillAngle	f64	81/81 styles
0x1B48	GradientFillLength	f64	2/2 ranges, 81/81 styles
0x1B4A	GradientFillStart	two f64	2/2 ranges, 81/81 styles
0x1B4D	RuleAboveLineWeight	f64	155/155 ranges
0x1B4F	RuleAboveOffset	f64	78/78 styles
0x1B50	RuleAboveLeftIndent	f64	91/91 styles
0x1B51	RuleAboveRightIndent	f64	91/91 styles
0x1B52	RuleAboveWidth	1 ColumnWidth, 2 TextWidth	91/91 styles
0x1B53	RuleBelowColor (Properties)	swatch UID, 0 = "Text Color"	6/6 ranges, 114/114 styles
0x1B54	RuleBelowLineWeight	f64	155/155 ranges
0x1B55	RuleBelowTint	f64	78/78 styles
0x1B56	RuleBelowOffset	f64	78/78 styles
0x1B5D	RuleBelow	1 = true	83/83 styles
0x1B6A	ParagraphBreakType	0 Anywhere, 1 NextColumn, 2 NextPage, 3 NextFrame, 4 NextOddPage (below)	11/11 ranges, 78/78 styles
0x1B6B	SingleWordJustification	0 LeftAlign, 3 FullyJustified	80/80 styles
0x1B75	AllNestedStyles (Properties)	list; see below	124/124 paragraph styles, 10/10 text defaults (1,251 trustworthy pairs)
0x1B7E	Justification	0 LeftAlign, 1 CenterAlign, 2 RightAlign, 3 FullyJustified, 4 LeftJustified, 5 CenterJustified, 6 RightJustified, 8 ToBindingSide, 9 AwayFromBindingSide (runs/styles for 3, 6, 8, 9: 34/1, 3/0, 2/1, 7/14)	70/70 ranges
0x1B80	DropcapDetail	u32	5/5 ranges, 103/103 styles
0x1B8C	OTFContextualAlternate	1 = true	220/220 ranges
0x1B8D	UnderlineColor (Properties)	swatch UID, 0 = "Text Color"	81/81 ranges
0x1B91	UnderlineOffset	f64	81/81 ranges
0x1B94	UnderlineWeight	f64	81/81 ranges
0x1BB7	MiterLimit	f64	161/161 ranges
0x1BB9	EndJoin	0 MiterEndJoin, 1 RoundEndJoin	86/86 styles
0x1BBA	AllGREPStyles (Properties)	list; see below	152/152 paragraph styles, 48/48 text defaults, 320/320 text ranges (1,251 trustworthy pairs)
0x1BBB	AllLineStyles (Properties)	list; see below	6/6 paragraph styles, 9/9 text ranges (1,251 trustworthy pairs)
0x1BBD	SpanColumnType	0 SingleColumn, 1 SpanColumns, 2 SplitColumns (69 runs, 10 styles)	41/41 ranges, 94/94 styles
0x1BBE	SpanSplitColumnCount (Properties)	u16; 1 = All	12/12 ranges, 78/78 styles
0x1BBF	SplitColumnInsideGutter	f64	155/155 ranges
0x1BC4	SpanColumnMinSpaceAfter	f64	84/84 styles
0x1BD2	ParagraphShadingColor (Properties)	swatch UID	25/25 ranges
0x1BD3	ParagraphShadingTint	f64	79/79 styles
0x1BD6	ParagraphShadingOn	1 = true	88/88 styles
0x1BDB	ParagraphShadingTopOffset	f64	91/91 styles
0x1BDC	ParagraphShadingBottomOffset	f64	90/90 styles
0x1BF6	ParagraphBorderColor (Properties)	swatch UID	72/72 styles
0x1BFA	ParagraphBorderGapColor (Properties)	swatch UID; 0 is Swatch/None	present exactly when the list has the ID (344 of 344 styles of the corpus of 2026-10); trustworthy pairs after 2026-10: 1,147 of 1,147 paragraph styles, 918 of 918 text defaults, 2,745 of 2,745 text ranges, 642 + 84 story and cell paragraph ranges
0x1BF9	ParagraphBorderOn	1 = true	77/77 styles
0x1DF03	ParagraphBorderTopOffset	f64	83/83 styles
0x1DF04	ParagraphBorderBottomOffset	f64	83/83 styles
0x1DF21	SameParaStyleSpacing (Properties)	f64; −1 = SetIgnore	15/15 ranges, 100/100 styles
0x4265	GridAlignFirstLineOnly	1 = true	81/81 styles
0x4266	GridAlignment	0 None, 1 AlignBaseline, 2 AlignEmTop, 3 AlignEmCenter (below)	86/86 styles
0x425E	Tatechuyoko	1 = true	root styles; 1 from a sample typeset vertically and its print PDF, see below
0x4279	ShataiDegreeAngle	degrees, written ×100	root styles; see below
0x427A	ShataiAdjustTsume	1 = true	root styles; see below
0x427B	ShataiAdjustRotation	1 = true	root styles and a sample typeset vertically; see below
0x422D	RubyFlag	number; written when not 0	a sample and its print PDF; see below
0x422E	RubyString	u32 length, text segments; written when not empty	a sample and its print PDF; see below
0x1A401	BulletsAndNumberingListType	0 NoList, 1 BulletList, 2 NumberedList (8 runs, 20 styles)	10/12 ranges
0x1A406	BulletChar (Properties)	u32 type, u32 value; see below	1/1 ranges, 84/84 styles
0x1A413	BulletsFont (Properties)	font family UID, 0 = $ID/	1/1 ranges, 84/84 styles
0x1A414	BulletsFontStyle (Properties)	flag + string; empty = Nothing	1/1 ranges, 84/84 styles
0x1A417	AppliedNumberingList (Properties)	numbering list UID (objects.md, numbering lists)	519/519 styles
0x1A419	NumberingContinue	1 = true	2/2 ranges, 78/78 styles
0x1A41F	BulletsCharacterStyle (Properties)	character style UID	84/84 styles
0x1A420	NumberingCharacterStyle (Properties)	character style UID	79/79 styles
0x1A423	NumberingExpression	flag + string	79/79 styles
0x4221	Mojikumi (Properties)	table UID; see below	936/1,019 styles
0x4224	KinsokuSet (Properties)	table UID; see below	987/987 styles
0x42C0	TreatIdeographicSpaceAsSpace	1 = true	1,082/1,083 styles
0x50F18	DiacriticPosition	4 OpentypePosition, 5 OpentypePositionFromBaseline	1,007/1,010 styles

The counts of these four are paragraph and character styles of all 654 pairs whose IDML style has the attribute and the same name (the root paragraph style of every pair among them); they also reproduce the TextDefault values of the preferences (preferences.md). The kinsoku and mojikumi value is a UID: 0 is Nothing; a built-in table (kinsoku and mojikumi tables in objects.md) is written as an enumeration: kHardKinsokuName HardKinsoku (51 styles), kSoftKinsokuName SoftKinsoku (11), kKoreanKinsokuName KoreanKinsoku (12), kSimpChineseKinsokuName SimplifiedChineseKinsoku (1), kMojikumiDefaultName1 LineEndAllOneHalfEmEnum (55) and kMojikumiDefaultName16 SimpChineseDefault (1); a custom kinsoku table (class 0x4204) as the object KinsokuTable/<name> (38). The corpus of 2026-10 adds three built-in tables, each from the TextDefault of every trustworthy pair that uses it: kTradChineseKinsokuName TraditionalChineseKinsoku (90 documents), kMojikumiDefaultName15 TradChineseDefault (80) and kMojikumiDefaultName2 OneEmIndentLineEndUkeOneHalfEmEnum (1). One paragraph range of one trustworthy pair (12.1) applies kMojikumiDefaultName14, LineEndPeriodOneEmEnum; the base table of custom tables adds kMojikumiDefaultName10, LineEndAllOneEmEnum (objects.md, custom mojikumi tables). With them the converter reproduces 1,251 of 1,251 TextDefault KinsokuSet and Mojikumi values, 1,430 of 1,430 KinsokuSet and 1,532 of 1,532 Mojikumi values of paragraph styles. Other built-in tables are not written. A custom mojikumi table (class 0x4203, objects.md) is the object MojikumiTable/<name>. In the trustworthy pairs of the corpus of 2026-10 this gives the IDML value for 576 paragraph ranges, 105 paragraph styles, 94 ranges in table cells, 19 story ranges and 11 text defaults, with no value that differs from the IDML.

Paragraph style counts include the 78 root styles [No paragraph style] of the compared pairs. For many attributes above the root holds the only value that is the same in every pair (for example RightIndent="0"), so the evidence that tells the attribute apart is in the other styles:

Attribute	Other styles or ranges with the attribute
BaselineShift	1 style with 0; 1 range with −16 in a story that compare.py does not align
RightIndent	8 styles in one pair, two different values
AppliedLanguage	10 styles in 2 pairs
NoBreak	1 style with 1 (true), in a pair whose IDML is from an older version
TabList	33 styles in 5 pairs, left and right stops, with and without leaders
OTFFigureStyle	60 styles in one pair (codes 1 and 2), 4 ranges in another (code 4)
Position	20 ranges in one pair
GradientFill*	3 styles in one pair (angle −90, distinct length and start), 2 ranges in another
RuleAbove*Indent, RuleAboveWidth	13 styles in one pair (left −1.13, right −2.83)
RuleBelowColor	36 styles in 2 pairs, four colours
RuleBelow	5 styles in one pair (4 true, 1 false)
ParagraphBreakType	19 ranges in one pair
SingleWordJustification	2 styles in one pair with code 0
EndJoin	8 styles in one pair
SpanColumnType	16 styles in 2 pairs, 46 ranges in one pair, both codes
SpanSplitColumnCount	13 ranges in one pair with 2
SpanColumnMinSpaceAfter	6 styles in one pair
ParagraphShading*, ParagraphBorder*	2 to 14 styles in one pair, several different offsets
SameParaStyleSpacing	30 styles and 16 ranges, each in 2 pairs
GridAlignment, GridAlignFirstLineOnly	8 and 3 styles in 3 pairs
BulletChar, BulletsFont, BulletsFontStyle, BulletsCharacterStyle	6 styles in 2 pairs, 1 range in another
NumberingExpression, NumberingCharacterStyle	1 style
NumberingContinue	2 ranges in 2 pairs
VerticalScale	1 style; see below

For codes, the root style gives the default: for example every root style has 0x1B6B = 3 and IDML SingleWordJustification="FullyJustified", and 0x1BBE = 1 with SpanSplitColumnCount All.

VerticalScale (0x1B15). The value is 1 (100%) wherever it appears, like HorizontalScale (0x1B06), so values do not tell them apart. Over all pairs, including those with an IDML from another version, 0x1B15 is present in exactly the 5 styles where IDML writes VerticalScale; 0x1B06 is identified separately by values other than 100%.

Languages (0x1B1D). The value is the UID of an object of class 0x2D07. Its chunk 0x2D0F is a flag byte, then the language name as an in-object string (English: USA), followed by other strings. IDML writes $ID/ and that name. Over all pairs, all 62 styles (root styles included) and 4 ranges with the attribute match, with 5 different languages.

The language named Neutral is the one exception: IDML writes it as [No Language], without $ID/, although its Language element is named $ID/[No Language] (objects.md, languages). Over the 1,252 trustworthy pairs of the corpus of 2026-10, AppliedLanguage has a value without $ID/ 514 times in 43 documents, always [No Language]; no IDML writes $ID/Neutral or $ID/[No Language] there. Each of the 490 values matched with an INDD object (31 text defaults, 54 paragraph styles, 4 character styles, 401 ranges) names a language object called Neutral.

Tab stops (0x1B29). u16 count, then for each stop: f64 position, u16 alignment (0 LeftAlign, 1 CenterAlign, 2 RightAlign, 3 CharacterAlign), for code 3 the alignment character as one UTF-16 unit, u16 leader length and the leader in UTF-16 code units. IDML writes each stop as a ListItem with Alignment, AlignmentCharacter, Leader and Position. A stop with another code stores no character, and IDML writes . for it in every sample. An empty list is a count of 0. The converter leaves out a list with another alignment code.

Evidence, corpus of 2026-10, the stops of paragraph styles matched by Self and of story paragraph ranges: 79 CenterAlign stops (59 in trustworthy pairs) and 36 CharacterAlign stops (34; 27 with ,, 9 with .) match in alignment, character, leader and position. Before code 3 was read, a list with such a stop was not read at all: the character made the record longer than the stops.

Nested styles (0x1B75). u32 count, then for each item: u32 character style UID, u32 length, and a delimiter code of that many characters stored as text segments (see objects.md). The code gives Delimiter, Inclusive and Repetition:

Code	IDML	Evidence
[c]	Delimiter string c, Inclusive="false"	13 items in one pair (. and :)
(c)	Delimiter string c, Inclusive="true"	1 item in the same pair
^c	Dropcap, Inclusive="true"	1 item in the same pair
digits after ) or ]	Repetition; no digits = 1	a sample and its print PDF
(^w)	AnyWord	a sample and its print PDF
(^?)	AnyCharacter	a sample and its print PDF
(^c)	Dropcap	54 Dropcap records in 18 pairs (with ^c)
^t in brackets	Tabs	9 records in 5 pairs ([^t], (^t), (^t)2 seen)
^L in brackets	Repeat; the digits are Repetition	41 records in 33 pairs ((^L)2, (^L)4 seen)
^p in brackets	EndNestedStyle	2 records in 1 pair
^9 in brackets	Digits	2 records in 1 pair ([^9], (^9))
^S in brackets	Sentence	1 record in 1 pair

The public pair has only single-character literals and repetition 1. The last three rows rest on a sample and its print PDF:

• A sample has nested items with (^?) and with (^w) followed by a number, the latter applying a character style with Capitalization code 3 (CapToSmallCap, see below).
• In the PDF, capitals in the first words of paragraphs in those styles are set at small-cap height (ink height measured on the rendered page), and capitals later in the same lines at full height. Small capitals reach at most one word past the number, and capitals a few words further on are at full height, so the number is the repetition. Of the counting delimiters in the IDML schema, only AnyWord gives a stretch of several words: AnyCharacter, Letters and Digits would end within the first word, and Sentence would run past sentence ends, which the PDF does not show.
• A paragraph-level override has (^?) followed by a number n, then (^w). In the PDF the first capital after the first n characters of that paragraph is a small cap. With a word delimiter, the first n words would keep full capitals, and that capital lies within them. So ^? counts characters: AnyCharacter.

The last six rows come from the 1,251 trustworthy pairs of the corpus after 2026-10. Their reference IDMLs have 265 nested style records in 72 documents (styles, text defaults and text ranges; the record counts above are these). The stored items map one to one onto the IDML records, with the bracket giving Inclusive and the digits Repetition as above: the converter reproduces AllNestedStyles of 124 of 124 paragraph styles, 10 of 10 text defaults, 274 of 274 text ranges and 7 of 7 Story/ParagraphStyleRange elements. Without these codes it reproduced 54 paragraph styles and 4 text defaults.

The converter leaves out a list that has any other code.

GREP styles (0x1BBA). The layout of nested styles, with a GREP expression in place of the delimiter code: u32 count, then for each item u32 character style UID (0 for none), u32 length n and the expression as n UTF-16 code units in text segments. IDML writes AllGREPStyles (type="list"), one ListItem type="record" per item in stored order, with AppliedCharacterStyle (object) and GrepExpression (string). Evidence over the 1,251 trustworthy pairs: every 0x1BBA value of the paragraph styles parses and ends exactly after its last item; the reference IDMLs have 494 such lists with 1,064 items, all of these two fields. The converter reproduces 152 of 152 paragraph styles, 48 of 48 text defaults, 320 of 320 text ranges (Story/ParagraphStyleRange 110, Cell/ParagraphStyleRange 94), with no extra value. A style's list is its own value; IDML does not write an inherited one.

Line styles (0x1BBB). u32 count, then 8 bytes per item: u32 character style UID and u32 line count. IDML writes AllLineStyles, one record per item: AppliedCharacterStyle (object), LineCount (long) and RepeatLast (long). RepeatLast is −1 in all 9 list items of the trustworthy reference IDMLs (3 documents) and no stored field holds it, so the converter writes −1. Reproduced: 6 of 6 paragraph styles and 9 of 9 text ranges.

Empty lists. None of the 1,251 trustworthy reference IDMLs has an AllGREPStyles, AllLineStyles or AllNestedStyles element without items. The converter writes no GREP or line style list without items.

Bullet character (0x1A406). Two u32: the character type (0 UnicodeOnly, 1 UnicodeWithFont, 2 GlyphWithFont) and the character value. IDML writes an empty BulletChar element with BulletCharacterType and BulletCharacterValue attributes. In the pairs, type 0 occurs in the root styles with value 8226 (•), type 1 in one range and type 2 in 6 styles, each with its value and a BulletsFont.

KeepLinesTogether (0x1B40). In every pair the root style has 0, and IDML writes KeepLinesTogether="false", KeepAllLinesTogether="false", KeepFirstLines="2" and KeepLastLines="2". No public style sets another value. The rest of the evidence is a sample and its print PDF:

• Some paragraph styles of the sample set 0x1B40 to 1. Apart from attributes identified above, they set nothing else.
• In the PDF, paragraphs in those styles that break across pages always leave at least two lines on each page. A paragraph of n lines broken at a random line leaves a single line on one side with probability 2/(n − 1), so this pattern does not come from chance.
• Such paragraphs do break across pages, so the attribute is not KeepAllLinesTogether. A boolean that keeps at least two lines together at both ends, with the defaults above, is KeepLinesTogether.

Capitalization codes 1, 3 and 4.

• Code 1 is SmallCaps. In one pair (InDesign 20.2, IDML from the same version), 8 of 8 paragraph styles with code 1 have Capitalization="SmallCaps". The same pair confirms code 2 (4 of 4 styles) and code 0.
• Code 3 is CapToSmallCap. No pair has it. The evidence is a sample and its print PDF. In the PDF, words set in a style with code 3 that start with a capital letter show that capital at the height of the letter after it, about two thirds of the height of word-initial capitals in ordinary text. Heights were measured on the rendered pages. So code 3 sets capital letters as small capitals too. Of the values in the IDML schema (Normal, SmallCaps, AllCaps, CapToSmallCap, LowerCase), only CapToSmallCap does that.
• Code 4 is LowerCase. No pair of the corpus has it: no IDML outside the privately held samples has LowerCase, and no paired INDD stores code 4. One privately held sample (DOM 21) has 1 paragraph style with code 4, and its IDML has Capitalization="LowerCase" (1 of 1).

The converter leaves out other codes.

Drop caps (0x1B0D, 0x1B0E). In every pair, the root style [No paragraph style] has 0 for both and IDML writes DropCapCharacters="0" and DropCapLines="0". One pair (InDesign 20.2, IDML from the same version) also has a style with 0x1B0D = 1 and 0x1B0E = 3; its IDML has DropCapCharacters="1" and DropCapLines="3". The different values tell the two attributes apart.

Letter spacing (0x1B31, 0x1B32). In every pair both are 0 in the root style, as are MaximumLetterSpacing and MinimumLetterSpacing in the IDML. That does not tell them apart from other attributes that are 0 there. The rest of the evidence is a sample and its print PDF:

• A paragraph style of the sample sets 0x1B31 to a positive fraction and 0x1B32 to a negative one. The style sets no tracking, and its other unidentified attributes are not fractions.
• In the PDF, justified lines in that style have a character spacing (Tc operator) that changes from line to line, both positive and negative. So the style lets letter spacing vary in both directions, which needs a negative minimum and a positive maximum.
• The values are stored as fractions, like word spacing (0x1B2E, 0x1B2F), so they are written ×100. The positive one is the maximum.

A layout of the converted sample with these two attributes reproduces noticeably more of the PDF's line breaks than one without them.

Ruby (0x422D, 0x422E). IDML writes neither attribute on the root style. In every pair the root style stores 0 for 0x422D and a 4-byte 0 for 0x422E. The first evidence was a sample typeset vertically and its print PDF:

• Character runs of the sample set 0x422D to 1 together with 0x422E, whose value is a u32 length in characters followed by text segments (as story text, objects.md). The text is a short reading of the run's characters.
• In the PDF, each such text appears in small type in a narrow column right beside the run's characters and centred on them, as ruby is set beside vertical text.
• The converter decodes the value of 0x422E by this layout, whatever its length.

The converter writes RubyString and writes RubyFlag with the stored number (1 in every such run; the schema type is an integer). Pairs with ruby were added later: in the corpus of 2026-10 the converter reproduces RubyFlag and RubyString in 185 of 185 IDML ruby ranges (15 distinct documents). Per-character ruby stores the readings of the base characters separated by U+3000, and IDML writes the same string. The other ruby settings are in "Ruby, kenten and warichu" below.

Tatechuyoko (0x425E). Every public style that stores it has 0, and IDML writes Tatechuyoko="false" on all 240 root paragraph styles of the corpus IDML files; no public range has the attribute. The evidence for 1 is a sample typeset vertically and its print PDF:

• Runs of a few Latin characters (letters or punctuation) set 0x425E to 1. Elsewhere in the same vertical stories, Latin text without it is drawn turned sideways: the PDF text matrix is a quarter turn, and the letters follow each other down the column.
• The glyphs of each run with 1 are drawn upright (identity text matrix), side by side on one baseline, and the group is centred on the column's centre line to 0.01 pt. That is horizontal-in-vertical setting.

Shatai (0x4278 to 0x427B). In every public file the root paragraph style stores 0x4278 = 0, 0x4279 = 45, 0x427A = 1 and 0x427B = 0, and IDML writes ShataiMagnification="0", ShataiDegreeAngle="4500", ShataiAdjustTsume="true" and ShataiAdjustRotation="false" on all 240 root styles; no other public style or range sets them. Only 45 and 4500 are not 0 or a boolean, so 0x4279 is the angle, written ×100. The rest of the evidence is a sample typeset vertically and its print PDF:

• Runs set 0x4278 = 20, 0x4279 = 60 and 0x427A = 0. Their glyphs have the text matrix (0.850, 0.0866, 0.0866, 0.950) × point size. That matrix scales by 1 along the direction at 60° and by 0.80 across it: a distortion of 20 % at 60°. So 0x4278 is the magnification in percent and 0x4279 the angle in degrees.
• A character style sets 0x4278 = 10, 0x4279 = 60 and 0x427B = 1. Its glyphs have the matrix (0.9222, 0.0843, 0, 0.9759) × point size. This is the 10 % distortion at 60°, turned so that the glyph's vertical axis stays vertical (the third value is 0). The runs above, with 0x427B = 0, are not turned. So 0x427B is ShataiAdjustRotation.
• That leaves 0x427A for ShataiAdjustTsume, which also matches the root values (1 and true; 0x427B 0 and false). With 0 the glyphs keep an advance of one em; no sample has 1 outside root styles.

The converter writes the angle and the two booleans. It leaves out ShataiMagnification: the sample stores the percentage, but the root value 0 does not show the unit IDML uses, and the angle shows that it need not be the stored number.

KerningValue (0x1B13). The value 1e8 means no manual kerning. IDML writes it KerningValue="1e+11" (1e8 × 1000, the scale of other values) on ranges and character styles:

• In every one of the 1,252 trustworthy pairs, the number of live story run records (chunk 0x262 of class 0xCA17) that store 1e8 equals the number of reference CharacterStyleRange elements with KerningValue="1e+11": 144 in 3 documents, 0 elsewhere.
• Of the 1,796 style objects (class 0x205, chunk 0x23F) that store 1e8, 1,767 are root paragraph styles (one or two per file) and 29 are character styles. The reference has KerningValue="1e+11" on exactly those 29 character styles (21 documents).
• The preferences object (class 0x2202) stores 1e8 in 1,251 files. The schema allows no KerningValue on paragraph styles or TextDefault, so the root paragraph styles and text defaults get none.
• The corpus IDMLs have 329 KerningValue="1e+11" (169 ranges, 160 character styles), always with that literal text.

IDML writes every other value as a whole number. Every KerningValue in every corpus IDML is an integer or 1e+11 (6,798 integers, none with a fraction). Stored values ×1000 such as −231.8, 26.9, 58.6, 59.9, 68.0066 and −29.9945 are −232, 27, 59, 60, 68 and −30 in the reference (18 ranges of the trustworthy pairs), each the nearest integer. Some runs store a tiny negative number (about −7e−18); IDML writes 0 (10 ranges in 4 documents), not -0. No sample stores a value exactly halfway between two integers, so how halves round is open; the converter rounds them away from zero.

The scale rests on a sample and its print PDF:

• Runs of one character set 0x1B13 to −0.1, −0.06, −0.12 and 0. In the PDF, the gap between that character and the next (start of the next glyph minus the end of the first glyph's advance width) is −0.1, −0.06, −0.12 and 0 times the point size, to 0.01 pt, once the letter spacing that every other gap in the same line shows is subtracted.
• The same letter pairs elsewhere, without the attribute, have other gaps, which come from the font's kerning. So the stored value replaces the font's kerning after that character.
• The value is in ems. The IDML schema types KerningValue as a plain number. Tracking (0x1B0B) is also stored in ems, and IDML writes it ×1000 (thousandths of an em, from the pairs); the converter writes KerningValue the same way. No sample shows this scale directly.
• The schema allows KerningValue on character styles and ranges, not on paragraph styles, so the converter leaves it out of paragraph styles (public samples without IDML have it there).

Manual kerning method. When a story run stores both 0x1B07 and 0x1B13, and 0x1B13 is not 1e8, IDML writes KerningMethod="$ID/Manual" if the written KerningValue is not 0 and KerningMethod="$ID/None" if it is 0, whatever method code is stored:

• Trustworthy pairs: 37 ranges in 7 documents are $ID/Manual (stored 79875 Optical in 34, 15972 Metrics in 3; values from −1000 to 200). 9 ranges in 2 documents with value 0 are $ID/None (stored Optical in 8, Metrics in 1). Runs that store a method and 1e8 keep the stored method (6 ranges, $ID/Optical). No range contradicts the rule. A stale pair adds 36 $ID/Manual ranges and 3 $ID/None ranges (those 3 store code 0x221 and value 0).
• Runs that store a value but no method get no KerningMethod in IDML (728 ranges with a non-zero value, 141 with 0).
• The corpus IDMLs have $ID/Manual 92 times, only on CharacterStyleRange, never on a style. No style stores a method together with a value other than 1e8, so the converter keeps the stored method on styles.
• No sample has a run with code 0x221 and a non-zero value; the rule gives $ID/Manual there.

Code 0x221 is $ID/None. In the trustworthy pairs it occurs 21 times in 7 documents (style lists and text defaults), and each document's count equals its number of reference styles and defaults with KerningMethod="$ID/None" (11 paragraph styles, 8 character styles, 2 TextDefault). Over all little-endian corpus files, 0x221 is the only 0x1B07 code not in the table (26 files in style lists, 12 in runs).

StartParagraph (0x1B37). In every pair the root style has 0 and IDML writes StartParagraph="Anywhere"; no pair has another value. Code 2 rests on a sample and its print PDF:

• Every paragraph whose style has code 2 is the first text on its page in the PDF, and the page before it often ends with room for more lines. Those styles set no other attribute that is unidentified.
• Such paragraphs start on both odd and even pages, so code 2 is not NextOddPage or NextEvenPage.
• In the sample, NextColumn, NextFrame and NextPage would give the same layout, so the PDF does not tell them apart. The converter writes NextPage.

Later samples show the other codes in pairs: 1 NextColumn (1 style), 3 NextFrame (1 run) and 4 NextOddPage (1 style), with no run or style that contradicts them.

The new codes of the table were found by aligning INDD runs with IDML ranges at the same offset over 17,914 trustworthy stories and styles by name over all 654 pairs; no run or style contradicts them, and every value converted with a new code equals the IDML. A run with manual kerning has KerningMethod="$ID/Manual" whatever code it stores (manual kerning method, above).

Percentages. IDML writes a fraction attribute (HorizontalScale, VerticalScale, AutoLeading, the word and letter spacing and glyph scaling attributes, RubyXScale, KentenXScale) as the stored f64 times 100 with every digit of the product, binary noise included: 112.99999999999999 for a stored 1.13. Over the paragraph and character styles and story ranges of the trustworthy pairs, 24,055 reference values of these attributes have more than 9 decimals; the full product gives 23,910 of them exactly (rounding to 9 decimals gave none), and the 140,887 exact matches among the 142,524 shorter values stay the same.

More paragraph and character attributes

Found by aligning styles by name over all pairs and runs with IDML ranges at the same offset (17,914 trustworthy stories). On styles other than the root styles, each ID is present exactly when the IDML style has the attribute, and every value matches. "Styles" counts the styles that have both, other than the root styles in brackets.

Encodings: bool = u16, 1 true; pct = f64 fraction, written × 100; num = f64 or u32 as is; swatch = u32 swatch UID, 0 = Text Color; stroke type = 8 bytes, u32 0 (a built-in style) then the stroke style code (StrokeStyle/$ID/ and the name of the code, as for page items). A code not listed leaves the attribute out.

ID	IDML	Encoding	Styles
0x1B14	HyphenateLadderLimit	num	780 (285)
0x1B68	HyphenateLastWord	bool	760 (265)
0x1B85	HyphenateAcrossColumns	bool	751 (256)
0x1B22	HyphenateCapitalizedWords	bool	709 (214)
0x1B34	MaximumGlyphScaling	pct	709 (214)
0x1B35	MinimumGlyphScaling	pct	709 (214)
0x1B20	HyphenateAfterFirst	num	651 (156)
0x1B23	HyphenateWordsLongerThan	num	636 (141)
0x1B39	KeepWithNext	num	619 (124)
0x1B2D	DesiredWordSpacing	pct	587 (92)
0x1B21	HyphenateBeforeLast	num	580 (85)
0x1B30	DesiredLetterSpacing	pct	559 (64)
0x1B38	KeepAllLinesTogether	bool	556 (61)
0x1B3E	CharacterAlignment	0 AlignBaseline, 1 AlignEmCenter, 2 AlignEmBottom, 3 AlignEmTop, 4 AlignICFTop, 5 AlignICFBottom (below)	551 (56)
0x1B4C	RuleAboveColor (Properties)	swatch	546 (51)
0x1B5C	RuleAbove	bool	541 (46)
0x1B83	HyphenWeight	num	541 (46)
0x1B71	RuleAboveType (Properties)	stroke type	520 (25)
0x1B95	UnderlineType (Properties)	stroke type	541 (46)
0x1B72	RuleBelowType (Properties)	stroke type	505 (10)
0x1B9D	StrikeThroughType (Properties)	stroke type	499 (4)
0x1A40B	NumberingFormat (Properties, string)	u32: 0x1A477 1, 2, 3, 4..., 0x1A479 i, ii, iii, iv..., 0x1A47A A, B, C, D..., 0x1A47B a, b, c, d..., 0x1A497 01,02,03..., 0x1A478 I, II, III, IV..., 0x1A4A7 $ID/Circle Numbering, 0 None; the last two: below	531 (36)
0x1B73	BalanceRaggedLines (Properties, enumeration)	0 NoBalancing, 1 VeeShape	528 (33)
0x1A422	NumberingAlignment	0 LeftAlign, 2 RightAlign	527 (32)
0x1A421	BulletsAlignment	0 LeftAlign, 1 CenterAlign, 2 RightAlign	505 (10)
0x1B4E	RuleAboveTint	num (−1 kept)	526 (31)
0x50F29	ParagraphDirection	0 LeftToRightDirection, 1 RightToLeftDirection	526 (31)
0x50F2A	ParagraphJustification	0 DefaultJustification, 6 NaskhKashidaJustificationFrac	495 roots (4 with 6)
0x50F1F	CharacterDirection	0 DefaultDirection, 1 LeftToRightDirection, 2 RightToLeftDirection	518 (23)
0x50F11	DigitsType	0 DefaultDigits, 2 HindiDigits	499 (4)
0x1A418	NumberingLevel	num	525 (30)
0x1A424	BulletsTextAfter	flagged string (as NumberingExpression)	512 (17)
0x1A41D	NumberingApplyRestartPolicy	bool	497 (2)
0x1BB8	StrokeAlignment	0 CenterAlignment, 2 OutsideAlignment	523 (28)
0x4297	LeadingModel	0 LeadingModelRoman, 1 LeadingModelAkiBelow, 2 LeadingModelAkiAbove, 3 LeadingModelCenter	523 (28)
0x1BC1	KeepWithPrevious	bool	522 (27)
0x1B93	UnderlineTint	num	519 (24)
0x1B8E	UnderlineGapColor (Properties)	swatch	518 (23)
0x1B77	RuleAboveGapColor (Properties)	swatch	506 (11)
0x1B96	StrikeThroughColor (Properties)	swatch	502 (7)
0x426C	Rensuuji	bool	518 (23)
0x4295	OTFProportionalMetrics	bool	516 (21)
0x1B57	RuleBelowLeftIndent	num	513 (18)
0x1B58	RuleBelowRightIndent	num	504 (9)
0x1B59	RuleBelowWidth	1 ColumnWidth, 2 TextWidth	507 (12)
0x1B86	KeepRuleAboveInFrame	bool	512 (17)
0x1B6F	OTFTitling	bool	508 (13)
0x1B6E	OTFDiscretionaryLigature	bool	501 (6)
0x1BCA	OTFSwash	bool	501 (6)
0x1B89	OTFStylisticSets	num	501 (6)
0x1B44	OverprintFill	bool	506 (11)
0x1B92	UnderlineOverprint	bool	506 (11)
0x1B8F	UnderlineGapOverprint	bool	500 (5)
0x1B3D	StrikeThru	bool	505 (10)
0x1B9A	StrikeThroughOffset	num (−9999 kept)	501 (6)
0x1B9E	StrikeThroughWeight	num (−9999 kept)	499 (4)
0x1B9C	StrikeThroughTint	num	497 (2)
0x1B78	RuleAboveGapTint	num	496 (1)
0x1B4B	Skew	num	500 (5)
0x1B65	LastLineIndent	num	497 (2)
0x1B81	PositionalForm	0 None, 1 Calculate, 2 Initial	500 (5)
0x1B87	IgnoreEdgeAlignment	bool	498 (3)
0x42AD	GlyphForm	0 None, 2 ExpertForm, 5 MonospacedHalfWidthForm, 9 ProportionalWidthForm, 10 FullWidthForm	501 (6); code 2 below
0x4222	LeadingAki	num (−1 kept)	502 (7)
0x4223	TrailingAki	num	504 (9)
0x4225	KinsokuType	0 KinsokuPushInFirst, 2 KinsokuPushOutOnly, 3 KinsokuPrioritizeAdjustmentAmount	502 (7)
0x4226	KinsokuHangType	0 None, 1 KinsokuHangRegular, 2 KinsokuHangForce	498 (3); code 1 below
0x4227	BunriKinshi	bool	499 (4)
0x421D	Tsume	num	499 (4)
0x42A6	CjkGridTracking	bool	497 (2)
0x422C	RubyOpenTypePro	bool	505 (10)
0x422F	RubyFontSize	num	500 (5)
0x4248	KentenFontSize	num	500 (5)
0x4232	RubyType	0 GroupRuby, 1 PerCharacterRuby	497 (2)
0x4247	KentenKind	0 None, 1 KentenSesameDot, 5 KentenSmallBlackCircle	496 (1); code 5 below
0x1DF1F	MergeConsecutiveParaBorders	bool	347
0x1DF1A	ParagraphBorderTopLineWeight	num	393 (67)
0x1DF1B	ParagraphBorderBottomLineWeight	num	395 (69)
0x1DF1C	ParagraphBorderLeftLineWeight	num	387 (61)
0x1DF1D	ParagraphBorderRightLineWeight	num	387 (61)
0x1DF01	ParagraphBorderLeftOffset	num	348 (22)
0x1DF02	ParagraphBorderRightOffset	num	347 (21)
0x1BF7	ParagraphBorderTint	num	336 (10)
0x1DF16	ParagraphBorderStrokeEndCap	0 ButtEndCap, 1 RoundEndCap	339 (13)
0x1DF17	ParagraphBorderWidth	0 ColumnWidth, 1 TextWidth	328 (2)
0x1DF20	ProviderHyphenationStyle	0 HyphAll, 3 HyphPreferredAesthetic	327 (1)
0x1BD9	ParagraphShadingLeftOffset	num	406 (26)
0x1BDA	ParagraphShadingRightOffset	num	406 (26)
0x1BD5	ParagraphShadingWidth	0 ColumnWidth, 1 TextWidth	386 (6)
0x1BD7	ParagraphShadingClipToFrame	bool	388 (8)

NumberingFormat codes from paragraph runs. Two codes occur in story paragraph runs of the trustworthy pairs, each run matching a reference ParagraphStyleRange with that value and no other:

• 0x1A478 is I, II, III, IV... (between 0x1A477 1, 2, 3, 4... and 0x1A479 i, ii, iii, iv...): 2 runs in one document, the only 2 ranges with that value in the corpus IDMLs.
• 0x1A4A7 is $ID/Circle Numbering: one run in each of 10 documents; a stale pair adds an eleventh. The corpus IDMLs have 11 such values.

Other codes occur only in files without IDML and are not decoded: 0xFFFFFFFF (11 files, styles), 0x1A473 (2), 0x1A472 (1), 0x1A4AA (1).

Found in the corpus of 2026-10. These IDs are in every text default list (chunk 0x23F of the preferences, 1,460 of 1,460 files, no contradiction) and in styles and runs. Counts are the converter's output over the 1,251 trustworthy pairs, all reproduced, with no extra value:

ID	IDML	Encoding	Text defaults; styles; ranges
0x1B3A	KeepFirstLines	num	1,251; 1,258 paragraph styles
0x1B3B	KeepLastLines	num	1,251; 1,258 paragraph styles
0x42C1	AllowArbitraryHyphenation	bool	1,251; 1,270; 30
0x4264	GridGyoudori	num	1,251; 1,323; 80
0x4268	RotateSingleByteCharacters	bool	1,251; 1,277; 329
0x4261	AutoTcy	num	1,251; 1,285; 241
0x42A3	ScaleAffectsLineHeight	bool	1,251; 1,359 paragraph and character styles; 879
0x1BD4	ParagraphShadingOverprint	bool	1,032; 1,033
0x1BFD	ParagraphBorderType (Properties)	stroke type	918; 919
0x4233	RubyFont (Properties)	u32 font family UID; 0 is $ID/ (as BulletsFont)	1,251; 1,255; 23
0x4257	KentenFillColor (Properties)	swatch	1,251; 1,262; 23

KeepFirstLines and KeepLastLines are equal in every list (2 in all but one file, 1 in that one), also in every paragraph style that has them, so which ID is which is assumed from their order. 0x1BD4 is told from 0x1BD8 by one document whose shading is overprinted (0x1BD4 1, 0x1BD8 0). 0x4233 and 0x4257 are told apart in the one document that sets them by the class of the stored UID: a font family (class 0x3E03) and a colour. ParagraphBorderType uses the stroke type codes of page items: 0x5A29 Solid in 1,042 files, 0x5A3F Japanese Dots in one. 0x1BD4 and 0x1BFD are absent exactly where IDML has no attribute.

MergeConsecutiveParaBorders is in IDML from version 13.1 (in none of the 3 trustworthy pairs of version 13.0, in all 46 of 13.1); the converter writes it when the header or the last session of the save history is 13.1 or later (objects.md, save history).

Evidence over the converter's output (trustworthy pairs): 121,196 values of these attributes in paragraph and character styles, text defaults and text ranges; 120,409 reproduced, 3 wrong (TextDefault DesiredLetterSpacing, DesiredWordSpacing and UnderlineType in one document each), the rest in stories whose text differs.

More codes, corpus of 2026-10. Over the 1,251 trustworthy pairs, the converter's output with these codes reproduces the IDML values below and adds no extra value:

ID	Code	IDML	Evidence (converter's output, trustworthy pairs)
0x4266	2	GridAlignment="AlignEmTop"	with code 3: 11,024 of 11,024 range values (2,333 more than before), 1,826 of 1,826 paragraph style values
0x4266	3	GridAlignment="AlignEmCenter"
0x1B3E	3	CharacterAlignment="AlignEmTop"	with codes 4 and 5: 9,603 of 9,605 range values (1,699 more)
0x1B3E	4, 5	AlignICFTop, AlignICFBottom	one run each, one document
0xB676 (cells)	3	FirstBaselineOffset="EmboxHeight"	6,668 of 6,668 cell values (2,143 more)

Page number type (0x1B09). A u16 enumeration: 0 AutoPageNumber, 2 NextPageNumber, 3 TextVariable, written as the range's PageNumberType. The root paragraph style has 0, the AutoPageNumber of IDML's root style. In the trustworthy pairs the ranges with TextVariable are those that hold a text variable instance; the converter reproduces 278 of 278 values with no extra value.

Custom glyph (0x1B5E). Value type 0x1B26: u16 length n, n bytes of a glyph name, u32 glyph ID. IDML writes Properties/CustomGlyph (type string) as $ID/ and the name, for example $ID/ampersand.smcp. The converter leaves out records with an empty name. It reproduces 1,499 of 1,499 values in the trustworthy pairs, with no extra value. The glyph ID is not used.

Alternate glyphs (0x42AE). A glyph chosen from the alternates of an OpenType feature (for example in the Glyphs panel) is stored on its run as attribute 0x42AE, value type 0x42DF: u16 count n, then per feature four bytes of the feature tag in reading order and a u32 number, in the file's byte order. IDML writes Properties/OpenTypeFeatures (type list) on the character range, after AppliedFont: one ListItem of type list per feature, holding a ListItem of type string with $ID/ and the tag and a ListItem of type long with the number:

<OpenTypeFeatures type="list">
  <ListItem type="list">
    <ListItem type="string">$ID/aalt</ListItem>
    <ListItem type="long">1</ListItem>
  </ListItem>
</OpenTypeFeatures>

Evidence, in the corpus of 2026-10: 127 of 127 runs in the trustworthy pairs (27 files) have the IDML value at the same story offset, with 11 tags (ss01 to ss07, aalt, ccmp, liga, nalt) and numbers 1, 2 and 8; no IDML range has OpenTypeFeatures without the attribute. Every run in the corpus stores one feature (n = 1). The tag order in both byte orders comes from 7 big-endian files (29 runs, no IDML): the count and number are big-endian there, the tag bytes are not reversed. Styles store the attribute with n = 0 (2,230 styles of the paired files); no IDML style has OpenTypeFeatures, and the converter writes nothing for them. The IDML form of several features is not shown, so the converter leaves out values with n other than 1, and values whose tag is not printable ASCII or that do not fill the value exactly.

Ruby, kenten and warichu

These attributes are in story runs (character and paragraph runs, chunk 0x262) and in style chunk 0x23F. They were found in the corpus of 2026-10 (803 pairs, 606 trustworthy) by aligning IDML character and paragraph ranges with the INDD run at the same text offset, and styles by kind and name. The evidence:

• 24 character ranges in 4 pairs store a full block of CJK attributes (150 to 152 attributes each), all with default values, and their IDML ranges write every ruby, kenten and warichu attribute. Values that occur only once in the block identify the field: 0.66 ↔ 66, 0.5 ↔ 50, 4 ↔ RubyJIS, 7 ↔ Auto.
• One paragraph style (a pair of version 13) sets eight ruby attributes to other values, and one ruby range (another pair of version 13) sets five others.
• 326 ranges and 9 styles in 6 pairs set RubyAutoAlign="false" and WarichuAlignment="LeftAlign".
• 205 trustworthy ranges in 13 documents have RubyXScale and KentenXScale, 44 have RubyAutoScaling, and 573 ranges and styles have an empty ruby and kenten font style.

Over all these items, each ID below is present exactly when the IDML element has the attribute, and every value matches. Encodings: bool = u16, 1 true; pct = f64 fraction, written ×100; code = u16, by the table; string = flag byte and in-object string.

ID	IDML	Encoding	Values seen (items)
0x4231	RubyAlignment	code: 1 RubyCenter, 2 RubyRight, 4 RubyJIS	4: 24 ranges; 2: 1 range; 1: 1 style
0x4235	RubyParentSpacing	code: 0 RubyParentNoAdjustment, 1 RubyParentBothSides, 2 RubyParent121Aki	2: 24; 0: 1; 1: 1
0x423C	RubyParentOverhangAmount	code: 0 None, 1 RubyOverhangOneRuby, 5 RubyOverhangNoLimit	1: 24; 5: 1; 0: 1
0x423A	RubyPosition	code: 0 AboveRight, 1 BelowLeft	0: 24; 1: 1
0x4239	RubyYOffset	f64, points	0: 24; −1.4173228: 1
0x423F	RubyParentScalingPercent	pct	0.66: 24; 0.4: 1
0x423E	RubyAutoScaling	bool	true: 21 ranges and 1 style; false: 24
0x423B	RubyAutoAlign	bool	false: 326 ranges and 9 styles; true: 24
0x42B1	RubyAutoTcyDigits	u16 number	0: 24; 2: 3 styles; 5: 1
0x42B2	RubyAutoTcyIncludeRoman	bool	false: 24; true: 1
0x4236	RubyXScale	pct	222 ranges and 1 style, 80.9 to 113.1
0x424C	KentenXScale	pct	the same items; always equal to 0x4236
0x4234	RubyFontStyle (Properties)	string; empty = enumeration Nothing	512 ranges and 61 styles, all empty
0x424B	KentenFontStyle (Properties)	as 0x4234	the same items
0x4281	WarichuAlignment	code: 0 LeftAlign, 7 Auto	0: 326 ranges and 9 styles; 7: 24
0x427D	Warichu	bool	false: 24 ranges; true: print PDF, below
0x427E	WarichuLines	u16 number	2: 24; see below
0x427F	WarichuSize	pct	0.5 ↔ 50: 24; print PDF, below
0x4280	WarichuLineSpacing	f64, points	0: 24; print PDF, below

KentenKind (0x4247) code 5 is KentenSmallBlackCircle (1 range). KinsokuHangType (0x4226) code 1 is KinsokuHangRegular: 31 styles and 120 ranges over all pairs (5 styles, 8 paragraph ranges and 6 story ranges in trustworthy pairs), and no other value goes with code 1. GlyphForm (0x42AD) code 2 is ExpertForm. Over the pairs of the corpus of 2026-10 that have the value, the converted output of each pair has GlyphForm="ExpertForm" on as many elements of each kind as its IDML: 41 character ranges in 13 pairs, 45 paragraph styles in 31 pairs and 4 text defaults (34 pairs with it in styles or text defaults). Codes 1, 3, 4, 11 and 12 occur only in samples without IDML; the converter leaves them out. With both codes, compare.py reports no wrong, missing or extra GlyphForm or OTFFigureStyle value in the pairs of the corpus of 2026-10, in styles, text defaults or ranges.

How IDs with equal values were told apart.

• RubyAutoAlign and WarichuAlignment are always present together, with (1, 7) for (true, Auto) and (0, 0) for (false, LeftAlign). 0x423B has value type 0x1B03, which 17 attributes use (booleans and RubyType), and over all styles the values of that type are 0 or 1 (9,186 of 9,186). 0x4281 has its own value type and holds 7. So 0x423B is the boolean.
• RubyYOffset, RubyPosition and RubyParentScalingPercent are in the same 25 items. The style's values −1.4173 (f64), 1 (u16) and 0.4 (fraction) fit only one attribute each.
• RubyAlignment, RubyParentSpacing, RubyParentOverhangAmount, RubyAutoTcyDigits and RubyAutoTcyIncludeRoman: the range sets (2, 0, 5, 5, 1) and the style (1, 1, 0, none, none). 0x423C and 0x42B1 are both 5 in the range; the 24 default ranges (1 ↔ RubyOverhangOneRuby, 0 ↔ RubyAutoTcyDigits="0") and the style (0x423C = 0 ↔ None, no 0x42B1) separate them.
• Ruby or kenten for 0x4234/0x424B and 0x4236/0x424C: the two values are equal in every pair item. The ruby strand (objects.md) decides it: its records hold only ruby attributes, including 0x4234 (5,145 runs) and 0x4236 (5,297 runs), and never 0x424B, 0x424C or a kenten ID (0x4247, 0x4248). So 0x4234 and 0x4236 are the ruby attributes.

Values without an IDML pair. 0x423C = 2 (6 styles), 0x4281 = 2 (5 styles), 0x423F = 0.75 (5 runs) and non-empty font styles (Regular in 104 runs) occur only in files without IDML. The converter leaves them out.

Warichu. No pair has warichu switched on. The evidence for Warichu, WarichuSize and WarichuLineSpacing is a third-party sample typeset vertically (version 21, no IDML) and its print PDF:

• A run of 7 characters sets only 0x427D = 1. In the PDF the paragraph is 8.504 pt and the run is set at 4.252 pt (50 %) in two rows of 3 and 4 characters, with baselines 4.252 pt apart (row pitch = size + 0), between full-size characters. The PDFs of three saved revisions show the same.
• A run of 36 characters sets 0x427D = 1, 0x427F = 0.6, 0x4280 = 0.708661, 0x4281 = 0, and 0x428E = 0x428F = 1. In the PDF the paragraph is 6.378 pt and the run is 3.827 pt (0.600 × 6.378) in two rows that start at the same position, with baselines 4.535 pt apart (3.827 + 0.708), and it continues on the next line in two rows again.

So 0x427D switches warichu on, 0x427F is the size as a fraction of the point size, and 0x4280 is the extra space between the rows in points. Both runs have two rows, the second with 0x428E and 0x428F set to 1, and the root style stores 0x427E = 2. So neither 0x428E nor 0x428F is the number of rows. 0x427E is WarichuLines: value type 0x1B10 is used only by 0x427E, 0x428E and 0x428F, and 0x427E is the remaining one.

Other IDs of the block. The 24 default ranges also hold IDs for the ruby and kenten fonts, colours, tints, overprint, weights, Y scales and offsets, kenten placement and characters, and two warichu IDs (0x428E, 0x428F; 2 and 2 in every IDML range). Each holds the default value in every pair, and several IDs hold the same value, so their values cannot tell them apart. Their order in IDML places them (attributes placed by order, below).

Attributes placed by order

IDML writes a style's text attributes in ascending order of their attribute ID: the XML attributes in that order, and the Properties children in that order among themselves. The style's own attributes (Self, Name, Imported, NextStyle, KeyboardShortcut and the like) are not part of this order. Evidence: the 11,983 paragraph and character styles of the trustworthy pairs that match an INDD style by kind and name (2,504 root styles, 6,671 other paragraph styles and 2,808 other character styles). Every one of their 0x23F lists is in ascending ID order, and the IDs of the other tables in this section appear in IDML in the same order:

Sequence	Adjacent pairs of IDs	Out of order
XML attributes	270,429	0
Properties children	44,683	0
XML attributes, with the table below	358,891	0
Properties children, with the table below	52,244	0

The IDs below were placed by this order. For each IDML attribute that no known ID explains, the candidates are the stored IDs without a mapping that lie between the nearest known IDs before and after it. Intersected over every trustworthy style that has the attribute, and assigned in order within each gap, this gives one assignment in every gap but four. The payload type has to fit: a true or false value needs a 2-byte value of type 0x1B03, 0x1B04, 0x1B09 or 0x1B1F, a number an f64 equal to the IDML value (or to it divided by 100 for a percentage), and a colour or font in Properties a UID (type 0x1B05). In the four gaps the type decides:

• 0x1B79–0x1B7D, five IDs for four attributes: 0x1B7A has type 0x1B0D (0 in 1,252 of 1,252 roots), not a boolean type, so RuleAboveGapOverprint is 0x1B79. 0x1B7B is the only UID: RuleBelowGapColor.
• 0x1BFB, 0x1BFC and 0x1BFE for ParagraphBorderGapTint (-1) and ParagraphBorderGapOverprint (false): 0x1BFE is an f64 of 1.0 in 919 of the 919 roots that store it, which fits neither.
• the ruby IDs 0x4237–0x4246, ten IDs for eight XML attributes and two Properties children: 0x4240 and 0x4243 are the only UIDs.
• the kenten, tatechuyoko, warichu and OpenType IDs 0x424D–0x42B3, 23 IDs for 22 XML attributes and one Properties child: 0x425A is the only UID.

The table counts the trustworthy pairs: styles (the root paragraph style and others) and character or paragraph ranges whose stored value the converter writes equal to the reference IDML's, and those it writes with another value or where the IDML has none (Differ). Every value of these attributes that the IDML has on a matched style or range is written. Encodings: bool = u16, 0 false, 1 true; pct = f64 fraction, written ×100; colour = swatch UID, 0 Text Color; code = u16 or u32, by the listed codes. The second part of the encoding column is the value type.

"Order only" marks an ID whose value is the same in every trustworthy item, so only the order and the payload type place it. The four OpenType alternates vary, but always together, so the order alone separates them too.

ID	IDML	Encoding, type	Equal: root styles	other styles	ranges	Differ	Values seen	Placed by
0x1B41	StrokeTint	f64, 0x1BB1	1,252	9	23	0	-1 (1,282), 100 (2)	order, values
0x1B43	OverprintStroke	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	12	23	0	false (1,287)	order only
0x1B45	GradientStrokeAngle	f64, 0x1B2C	1,252	7	23	0	0 (1,282)	order only
0x1B47	GradientStrokeLength	f64, 0x1B13	1,252	7	23	0	-1 (1,282)	order only
0x1B49	GradientStrokeStart	two f64, 0x1B22	1,252	7	23	0	0 0 (1,282)	order only
0x1B5A	RuleAboveOverprint	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	–	–	0	false (1,252)	order only
0x1B5B	RuleBelowOverprint	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	–	–	0	false (1,252)	order only
0x1B6C	OTFOrdinal	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	8	23	0	false (1,283)	order only
0x1B6D	OTFFraction	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	8	56	0	false (1,283), true (33)	order, values
0x1B79	RuleAboveGapOverprint	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	–	–	0	false (1,252)	order only
0x1B7B	RuleBelowGapColor (Properties)	colour, 0x1B05	1,252	10	357	0	Swatch/None (1,252), Text Color (367)	order, values
0x1B7C	RuleBelowGapTint	f64, 0x1BB1	1,252	–	–	0	-1 (1,252)	order only
0x1B7D	RuleBelowGapOverprint	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	–	–	0	false (1,252)	order only
0x1B82	OTFMark	bool, 0x1B03	1,252	–	23	0	true (1,275)	order only
0x1B84	OTFLocale	bool, 0x1B03	1,252	–	23	0	true (1,275)	order only
0x1B88	OTFSlashedZero	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	7	32	0	false (1,282), true (9)	order, values
0x1B8A	OTFHistorical	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	7	23	0	false (1,282)	order only
0x1B90	UnderlineGapTint	f64, 0x1BB1	1,252	7	23	0	-1 (1,282)	order only
0x1B97	StrikeThroughGapColor (Properties)	colour, 0x1B05	1,252	17	729	0	Swatch/None (1,282), Text Color (716)	order, values
0x1B98	StrikeThroughGapOverprint	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	7	23	0	false (1,282)	order only
0x1B99	StrikeThroughGapTint	f64, 0x1BB1	1,252	7	23	0	-1 (1,282)	order only
0x1B9B	StrikeThroughOverprint	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	7	23	0	false (1,282)	order only
0x1BC0	SplitColumnOutsideGutter	f64, 0x1BA8	1,252	–	–	0	0 (1,252)	order only
0x1BC3	SpanColumnMinSpaceBefore	f64, 0x1BA8	1,252	–	–	0	0 (1,252)	order only
0x1BD8	ParagraphShadingSuppressPrinting	bool, 0x1B04	1,033	–	–	0	false (1,033)	order only
0x1BF8	ParagraphBorderOverprint	bool, 0x1B04	919	–	–	0	false (919)	order only
0x1BFB	ParagraphBorderGapTint	f64, 0x1BB1	919	–	–	0	-1 (919)	order only
0x1BFC	ParagraphBorderGapOverprint	bool, 0x1B04	919	–	–	0	false (919)	order only
0x4237	RubyYScale	pct, 0x1B16	1,252	7	23	0	100 (1,282)	order only
0x4238	RubyXOffset	f64, 0x1B14	1,252	7	23	0	0 (1,282)	order only
0x423D	RubyOverhang	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	7	23	0	false (1,282)	order only
0x4240	RubyFill (Properties)	colour, 0x1B05	1,252	7	23	0	Text Color (1,282)	order only
0x4241	RubyTint	f64, 0x1BB1	1,252	7	23	0	-1 (1,282)	order only
0x4242	RubyOverprintFill	u16 code 0xFFFF Auto; 0x1BBB	1,252	–	23	0	Auto (1,275)	order only
0x4243	RubyStroke (Properties)	colour, 0x1B05	1,252	7	23	0	Text Color (1,282)	order only
0x4244	RubyStrokeTint	f64, 0x1BB1	1,252	7	23	0	-1 (1,282)	order only
0x4245	RubyOverprintStroke	u16 code 0xFFFF Auto; 0x1BBB	1,252	–	23	0	Auto (1,275)	order only
0x4246	RubyWeight	f64, 0x1BB6	1,252	7	23	0	-1 (1,282)	order only
0x424A	KentenFont (Properties)	font family UID, 0 $ID/; 0x1B05	1,252	1	23	0	$ID/ (1,275), a composite font (1)	order, values
0x424D	KentenYScale	pct, 0x1B16	1,252	7	23	0	100 (1,282)	order only
0x424F	KentenPlacement	f64, 0x1B14	1,252	10	23	0	0 (1,285)	order only
0x4250	KentenAlignment	u16 code 1 AlignKentenCenter; 0x4238	1,252	10	23	0	AlignKentenCenter (1,285)	order only
0x4251	KentenPosition	u16 code 0 AboveRight; 0x1B04	1,252	10	23	0	AboveRight (1,285)	order only
0x4252	KentenCustomCharacter	u16 code 0 empty; 0x1B0D	1,252	7	23	0	empty (1,282)	order only
0x4253	KentenCharacterSet	u16 code 0 CharacterInput; 0x1B0D	1,252	7	23	0	CharacterInput (1,282)	order only
0x4258	KentenTint	f64, 0x1BB1	1,252	7	23	0	-1 (1,282)	order only
0x4259	KentenOverprintFill	u16 code 0xFFFF Auto; 0x1BBB	1,252	–	23	0	Auto (1,275)	order only
0x425A	KentenStrokeColor (Properties)	colour, 0x1B05	1,252	7	23	0	Text Color (1,282)	order only
0x425B	KentenStrokeTint	f64, 0x1BB1	1,252	7	23	0	-1 (1,282)	order only
0x425C	KentenOverprintStroke	u16 code 0xFFFF Auto; 0x1BBB	1,252	–	23	0	Auto (1,275)	order only
0x425D	KentenWeight	f64, 0x1BB6	1,252	7	23	0	-1 (1,282)	order only
0x425F	TatechuyokoXOffset	f64, 0x1B14	1,252	7	23	0	0 (1,282)	order only
0x4260	TatechuyokoYOffset	f64, 0x1B14	1,252	7	23	0	0 (1,282)	order only
0x4262	AutoTcyIncludeRoman	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	–	–	0	false (1,252)	order only
0x4263	Jidori	u16, 0x1B0D	1,252	7	23	0	0 (1,282)	order only
0x4267	CharacterRotation	f64, 0x1B14	1,252	7	25	0	0 (1,282), 3 (2)	order, values
0x4278	ShataiMagnification	f64, 0x42A4	1,252	7	23	0	0 (1,282)	order only
0x428E	WarichuCharsBeforeBreak	u16, 0x1B10	1,252	7	23	0	2 (1,282)	order only
0x428F	WarichuCharsAfterBreak	u16, 0x1B10	1,252	7	23	0	2 (1,282)	order only
0x4294	OTFHVKana	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	8	23	0	false (1,283)	order only
0x4296	OTFRomanItalics	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	8	23	0	false (1,283)	order only
0x42A4	ParagraphGyoudori	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	12	1	0	false (1,252), true (13)	order, values
0x42B3	RubyAutoTcyAutoScale	bool, 0x1B03	1,252	7	23	0	true (1,282)	order only
0x1A407	NumberingStartAt	u32, 0x1B00	1,252	–	7	0	1 (1,252), 2 (5), 3 (2)	order, values
0x1A41E	NumberingRestartPolicies (Properties)	three u32 (below), 0x1A4A6	1,252	1	–	0	AnyPreviousLevel 0 0 (1,252), AfterSpecificLevel 1 1 (1)	order, values
0x1DF05	ParagraphBorderStrokeEndJoin	u32 code 0 MiterEndJoin; 0x1DF3B	919	–	–	0	MiterEndJoin (919)	order only
0x1DF06	ParagraphBorderTopLeftCornerOption	u32 code 0 None; 0x1DF51	919	–	–	0	None (919)	order only
0x1DF07	ParagraphBorderTopRightCornerOption	u32 code 0 None; 0x1DF51	919	–	–	0	None (919)	order only
0x1DF08	ParagraphBorderBottomLeftCornerOption	u32 code 0 None; 0x1DF51	919	–	–	0	None (919)	order only
0x1DF09	ParagraphBorderBottomRightCornerOption	u32 code 0 None; 0x1DF51	919	–	–	0	None (919)	order only
0x1DF1E	ParagraphBorderDisplayIfSplits	bool, 0x1B04	919	–	–	0	false (919)	order only
0x50F15	Kashidas	u32 code 0 DefaultKashidas; 0x50F1B	1,252	–	23	0	DefaultKashidas (1,275)	order only
0x50F2B	ParagraphKashidaWidth	f64, 0x1DF21	1,243	–	–	0	2 (1,243)	order only
0x50F2F	XOffsetDiacritic	f64, 0x1B14	1,252	–	–	0	0 (1,252)	order only
0x50F30	YOffsetDiacritic	f64, 0x1B14	1,252	–	–	0	0 (1,252)	order only
0x50F3C	OTFOverlapSwash	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	–	25	0	false (1,275), true (2)	order only (the four vary together)
0x50F3D	OTFStylisticAlternate	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	–	25	0	false (1,275), true (2)	order only (the four vary together)
0x50F3E	OTFJustificationAlternate	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	–	25	0	false (1,275), true (2)	order only (the four vary together)
0x50F3F	OTFStretchedAlternate	bool, 0x1B04	1,252	–	25	0	false (1,275), true (2)	order only (the four vary together)
0x50F40	KeyboardDirection	u32 code 0 DefaultDirection, 1 LeftToRightDirection; 0x50F2E	1,252	–	34	0	DefaultDirection (1,252), LeftToRightDirection (34)	order, values

Notes:

• Tints, weights and lengths are written as stored (-1, and 100 for the 2 StrokeTint values that store 100), not by the page item tint rule.
• KentenPosition has a boolean value type but an enumeration value (0 = AboveRight).
• The enumerations list only the codes seen. Other codes are left out and reported by indd audit. Each has one code in the trustworthy pairs, except KeyboardDirection: code 1 is LeftToRightDirection in 34 of 34 character ranges of one pair. It has the value type of CharacterDirection (0x50F2E), whose code 1 is the same value.
• NumberingRestartPolicies is a Properties child with three XML attributes and no text. Its value is three u32: (0, 0, 0) in the 1,252 roots is RestartPolicy="AnyPreviousLevel" LowerLevel="0" UpperLevel="0", and (1, 1, 1) in one other paragraph style is RestartPolicy="AfterSpecificLevel" LowerLevel="1" UpperLevel="1". The second triple does not show which word is the lower level and which the upper, so the converter writes these two triples only.

Stored but never written. The root paragraph styles also store IDs that no IDML attribute matches: after this table, every text attribute of the trustworthy IDML styles is explained by a stored ID except Label (6 styles) and HyphenQuality (7 styles). Such IDs, with the number of the 1,252 trustworthy roots that store each: 0x1B36, 0x1B3F, 0x1B5F–0x1B63, 0x1B7A, 0x4228, 0x4230, 0x4249, 0x4269–0x426B, 0x4290, 0x429F, 0x1300F, 0x13516, 0x13549 and 0x20714 (1,252 each), 0x1A405 and 0x1A415 (1,228), 0x1BFE (919), and in later versions 0xBA429, 0xBA42A and eight IDs from 0x16923C to 0x16924A (24 each) and 18 IDs from 0x5351D to 0x58820 (2 each). The converter does not write them.

Root styles and text defaults

The root paragraph style [No paragraph style] and the document's text defaults (TextDefault in Resources/Preferences.xml) take their values from attribute lists like other styles, but IDML leaves some of them out. Over the 489 trustworthy pairs (measurement.md):

Value	IDML
NextStyle of the root paragraph style	never (0 of 489)
AllNestedStyles of the root paragraph style	never (0 of 489)
AllNestedStyles of TextDefault	only when the list has items: absent in 485, written in the 4 with items
AllNestedStyles of other paragraph styles	only when the list has items: written on 115 of 115 trustworthy styles with items, on 0 of the 2 that store a count of 0
AllGREPStyles and AllLineStyles of the root paragraph style	never (0 of 1,251 trustworthy pairs after 2026-10); the root style stores a count of 0 in all 1,251
AllGREPStyles of TextDefault	only when the list has items (48 of 48 such lists written, 1,251 trustworthy pairs)
Empty TabList of the root paragraph style	DOM 8 on: 482 of 482; DOM 7: 0 of 7
TabList of TextDefault	DOM 8 on: in 482 of 482 (459 empty); DOM 7: 0 of 7

The converter leaves out these values accordingly; it writes a non-empty TabList in any version.

Paragraph borders and shading: corners and origins

ID	IDML	Styles with both (other than the root)
0x1DF12	ParagraphShadingTopLeftCornerRadius	452 (126)
0x1DF14	ParagraphShadingBottomLeftCornerRadius	452 (126)

On every style other than the root the ID is present exactly when the IDML style has the attribute, and every value matches. The two are told apart by 8 styles (4.5 against 0).

Tied groups. The IDs of each group below have the same value in every style, so which ID belongs to which attribute is not known. The converter writes a group only when all its IDs are present and equal:

IDs	IDML	Styles
0x1DF0A–0x1DF0D	the four ParagraphBorder…CornerRadius	446 (120)
0x1DF13, 0x1DF15	ParagraphShadingTopRightCornerRadius, ParagraphShadingBottomRightCornerRadius	444 (118)
0x1DF0E, 0x1DF10	ParagraphShadingTopLeftCornerOption, ParagraphShadingBottomLeftCornerOption	339 (13)
0x1DF0F, 0x1DF11	ParagraphShadingTopRightCornerOption, ParagraphShadingBottomRightCornerOption	331 (5)

The shading corner option codes are 0 None, 0x5A15 RoundedCorner and 0x5A18 BevelCorner.

Origins. The two IDs of each pair always change together; the converter writes a pair only for these combinations of codes:

IDs	IDML	Codes → values	Styles
0x1BDD, 0x1BDE	ParagraphShadingTopOrigin, ParagraphShadingBottomOrigin	0, 0 → AscentTopOrigin, DescentBottomOrigin; 3, 2 → EmBoxTopOrigin, EmBoxBottomOrigin; 1, 1 → BaselineTopOrigin, BaselineBottomOrigin	378, 14, 4
0x1DF18, 0x1DF19	ParagraphBorderTopOrigin, ParagraphBorderBottomOrigin	0, 0 → AscentTopOrigin, DescentBottomOrigin; 3, 2 → EmBoxTopOrigin, EmBoxBottomOrigin	325, 13

Attributes whose value never varies in the corpus cannot be located this way. The converter writes the root styles' values for them from IDML observation (idml-values.md); styles and ranges inherit them. Many others are placed by their order in IDML (attributes placed by order, above). The attributes left include KeepFirstLines, KeepLastLines, KeepAllLinesTogether, KeepWithNext, KeepWithPrevious, Skew, StrikeThru, LastLineIndent, RuleAbove, RuleAboveColor, the RuleBelow indents and width, and the hyphenation and word-spacing settings other than those in the table. Some attributes vary but cannot be told apart from another attribute, because both always have the same value or appear in the same styles:

• left and right shading offsets, left and right border offsets, and the four border line weights (equal in every sample);
• KeepRuleAboveInFrame and RuleAboveType (always set together, with other attributes, in one pair);
• TreatIdeographicSpaceAsSpace and DiacriticPosition.

OTFFigureStyle code 3 is TabularOldstyle. One pair has it, on one character range, and its IDML has TabularOldstyle on that range. The value occurs in 3 more IDMLs of the corpus of 2026-10, none with an INDD.

ParagraphBreakType (0x1B6A) codes. The codes are those of StartParagraph. The evidence is the 112 pairs of the corpus of 2026-10 whose IDML has a CharacterStyleRange with a value other than Anywhere (no paragraph range has one). In each story the runs with a code other than 0 were aligned in order with those ranges; every story of these pairs aligns:

Code	IDML value	Trustworthy pairs	Stale pairs
1	NextColumn	642 ranges in 74 documents	80 in 11
2	NextPage	159 in 19	16 in 8
3	NextFrame	76 in 19	0
4	NextOddPage	5 in 1 (version 20.1)	0

NextEvenPage occurs in no IDML. Its code is not known, and the converter leaves other codes out.

Empty font styles. A list can store an empty FontStyle (0x1B02). IDML then writes the style of a font of the list's AppliedFont family: the font whose style is Regular, or the family's first font if none is. Over the 1,251 trustworthy pairs, writing the stored empty string gave 294 wrong FontStyle values (ParagraphStyle 69, CharacterStyle 35, TextDefault 11, text ranges 179); with this rule 243 of them match and no value that matched before changes. 20 of the 243 come from the first-font case (a family of Light and LightItalic, IDML Light). So every empty value that IDML also writes empty is in a list without an AppliedFont, or in a family without a Regular font whose first font has an empty style. Not explained: 22 empty values that IDML writes as Nothing, and lists without an AppliedFont, which keep the empty string.

Font family names. AppliedFont and BulletsFont name a font family (class 0x3E03), and IDML writes the family's name. An AppliedFont whose family stands for a composite font is written as a reference to the composite font, except in character styles. See fonts.md, composite fonts as applied fonts.