* 'for-2.6.40' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu:
percpu: Unify input section names
percpu: Avoid extra NOP in percpu_cmpxchg16b_double
percpu: Cast away printk format warning
percpu: Always align percpu output section to PAGE_SIZE
Fix up fairly trivial conflict in arch/x86/include/asm/percpu.h as per Tejun
On 32-bit systems which don't happen to implicitly define or cast
VMALLOC_START and/or VMALLOC_END to long in their arch headers, the
printk in the percpu code will cause a warning to be emitted:
mm/percpu.c: In function 'pcpu_embed_first_chunk':
mm/percpu.c:1648: warning: format '%lx' expects type 'long unsigned int',
but argument 3 has type 'unsigned int'
So add an explicit cast to unsigned long here.
Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
per_cpu_ptr_to_phys() uses VMALLOC_START and VMALLOC_END to determine if an
address is in the vmalloc() region or not. This is incorrect on NOMMU as
there is no real vmalloc() capability (vmalloc() is emulated by kmalloc()).
The correct way to do this is to use is_vmalloc_addr(). This encapsulates the
vmalloc() region test in MMU mode and just returns 0 in NOMMU mode.
On FRV in NOMMU mode, the percpu compilation fails without this patch:
mm/percpu.c: In function 'per_cpu_ptr_to_phys':
mm/percpu.c:1011: error: 'VMALLOC_START' undeclared (first use in this function)
mm/percpu.c:1011: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
mm/percpu.c:1011: error: for each function it appears in.)
mm/percpu.c:1012: error: 'VMALLOC_END' undeclared (first use in this function)
mm/percpu.c:1018: warning: control reaches end of non-void function
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Percpu allocator honors alignment request upto PAGE_SIZE and both the
percpu addresses in the percpu address space and the translated kernel
addresses should be aligned accordingly. The calculation of the
former depends on the alignment of percpu output section in the kernel
image.
The linker script macros PERCPU_VADDR() and PERCPU() are used to
define this output section and the latter takes @align parameter.
Several architectures are using @align smaller than PAGE_SIZE breaking
percpu memory alignment.
This patch removes @align parameter from PERCPU(), renames it to
PERCPU_SECTION() and makes it always align to PAGE_SIZE. While at it,
add PCPU_SETUP_BUG_ON() checks such that alignment problems are
reliably detected and remove percpu alignment comment recently added
in workqueue.c as the condition would trigger BUG way before reaching
there.
For um, this patch raises the alignment of percpu area. As the area
is in .init, there shouldn't be any noticeable difference.
This problem was discovered by David Howells while debugging boot
failure on mn10300.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Cc: uclinux-dist-devel@blackfin.uclinux.org
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: user-mode-linux-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
* 'for-2.6.38' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu: (30 commits)
gameport: use this_cpu_read instead of lookup
x86: udelay: Use this_cpu_read to avoid address calculation
x86: Use this_cpu_inc_return for nmi counter
x86: Replace uses of current_cpu_data with this_cpu ops
x86: Use this_cpu_ops to optimize code
vmstat: User per cpu atomics to avoid interrupt disable / enable
irq_work: Use per cpu atomics instead of regular atomics
cpuops: Use cmpxchg for xchg to avoid lock semantics
x86: this_cpu_cmpxchg and this_cpu_xchg operations
percpu: Generic this_cpu_cmpxchg() and this_cpu_xchg support
percpu,x86: relocate this_cpu_add_return() and friends
connector: Use this_cpu operations
xen: Use this_cpu_inc_return
taskstats: Use this_cpu_ops
random: Use this_cpu_inc_return
fs: Use this_cpu_inc_return in buffer.c
highmem: Use this_cpu_xx_return() operations
vmstat: Use this_cpu_inc_return for vm statistics
x86: Support for this_cpu_add, sub, dec, inc_return
percpu: Generic support for this_cpu_add, sub, dec, inc_return
...
Fixed up conflicts: in arch/x86/kernel/{apic/nmi.c, apic/x2apic_uv_x.c, process.c}
as per Tejun.
Now that percpu allocator is mostly stable, there is no reason to
print alloc information with KERN_INFO and clutter the boot messages.
Switch it to KERN_DEBUG.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu:
percpu: update comments to reflect that percpu allocations are always zero-filled
percpu: Optimize __get_cpu_var()
x86, percpu: Optimize this_cpu_ptr
percpu: clear memory allocated with the km allocator
percpu: fix build breakage on s390 and cleanup build configuration tests
percpu: use percpu allocator on UP too
percpu: reduce PCPU_MIN_UNIT_SIZE to 32k
vmalloc: pcpu_get/free_vm_areas() aren't needed on UP
Fixed up trivial conflicts in include/linux/percpu.h
pcpu_first/last_unit_cpu are used to track which cpu has the first and
last units assigned. This in turn is used to determine the span of a
chunk for man/unmap cache flushes and whether an address belongs to
the first chunk or not in per_cpu_ptr_to_phys().
When the number of possible CPUs isn't power of two, a chunk may
contain unassigned units towards the end of a chunk. The logic to
determine pcpu_last_unit_cpu was incorrect when there was an unused
unit at the end of a chunk. It failed to ignore the unused unit and
assigned the unused marker NR_CPUS to pcpu_last_unit_cpu.
This was discovered through kdump failure which was caused by
malfunctioning per_cpu_ptr_to_phys() on a kvm setup with 50 possible
CPUs by CAI Qian.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: CAI Qian <caiqian@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Commit bbddff05 (percpu: use percpu allocator on UP too) incorrectly
excluded pcpu_build_alloc_info() on SMP configurations which use
generic setup_per_cpu_area() like s390. The config ifdefs are
becoming confusing. Fix and clean it up by,
* Move pcpu_build_alloc_info() right on top of its two users -
pcpu_{embed|page}_first_chunk() which are already in CONFIG_SMP
block.
* Define BUILD_{EMBED|PAGE}_FIRST_CHUNK which indicate whether each
first chunk function needs to be included and use them to control
inclusion of the three functions to reduce confusion.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Sachin Sant <sachinp@in.ibm.com>
On UP, percpu allocations were redirected to kmalloc. This has the
following problems.
* For certain amount of allocations (determined by
PERCPU_DYNAMIC_EARLY_SLOTS and PERCPU_DYNAMIC_EARLY_SIZE), percpu
allocator can be used before the usual kernel memory allocator is
brought online. On SMP, this is used to initialize the kernel
memory allocator.
* percpu allocator honors alignment upto PAGE_SIZE but kmalloc()
doesn't. For example, workqueue makes use of larger alignments for
cpu_workqueues.
Currently, users of percpu allocators need to handle UP differently,
which is somewhat fragile and ugly. Other than small amount of
memory, there isn't much to lose by enabling percpu allocator on UP.
It can simply use kernel memory based chunk allocation which was added
for SMP archs w/o MMUs.
This patch removes mm/percpu_up.c, builds mm/percpu.c on UP too and
makes UP build use percpu-km. As percpu addresses and kernel
addresses are always identity mapped and static percpu variables don't
need any special treatment, nothing is arch dependent and mm/percpu.c
implements generic setup_per_cpu_areas() for UP.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
When pcpu_build_alloc_info() searches best_upa value, it ignores current value
if the number of waste units exceeds 1/3 of the number of total cpus. But the
comment on the code says that it will ignore if wastage is over 25%.
Modify the comment.
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
The original code did not free the old map. This patch fixes it.
tj: use @old as memcpy source instead of @chunk->map, and indentation
and description update
Signed-off-by: Huang Shijie <shijie8@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
This patch updates percpu allocator such that it can serve limited
amount of allocation before slab comes online. This is primarily to
allow slab to depend on working percpu allocator.
Two parameters, PERCPU_DYNAMIC_EARLY_SIZE and SLOTS, determine how
much memory space and allocation map slots are reserved. If this
reserved area is exhausted, WARN_ON_ONCE() will trigger and allocation
will fail till slab comes online.
The following changes are made to implement early alloc.
* pcpu_mem_alloc() now checks slab_is_available()
* Chunks are allocated using pcpu_mem_alloc()
* Init paths make sure ai->dyn_size is at least as large as
PERCPU_DYNAMIC_EARLY_SIZE.
* Initial alloc maps are allocated in __initdata and copied to
kmalloc'd areas once slab is online.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
In pcpu_build_alloc_info() and pcpu_embed_first_chunk(), @dyn_size was
ssize_t, -1 meant auto-size, 0 forced 0 and positive meant minimum
size. There's no use case for forcing 0 and the upcoming early alloc
support always requires non-zero dynamic size. Make @dyn_size always
mean minimum dyn_size.
While at it, make pcpu_build_alloc_info() static which doesn't have
any external caller as suggested by David Rientjes.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
per_cpu_ptr_to_phys() determines whether the passed in @addr belongs
to the first_chunk or not by just matching the address against the
address range of the base unit (unit0, used by cpu0). When an adress
from another cpu was passed in, it will always determine that the
address doesn't belong to the first chunk even when it does. This
makes the function return a bogus physical address which may lead to
crash.
This problem was discovered by Cliff Wickman while investigating a
crash during kdump on a SGI UV system.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Cliff Wickman <cpw@sgi.com>
Tested-by: Cliff Wickman <cpw@sgi.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Fix the following two trivial bugs in pcpu_build_alloc_info()
* we should memset group_cnt to 0 by size of group_cnt, not size of
group_map (both are of the same size, so the bug isn't dangerous)
* we can delete useless variable group_cnt_max.
Signed-off-by: Pavel V. Panteleev <pp_84@mail.ru>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Implement an alternate percpu chunk management based on kernel memeory
for nommu SMP architectures. Instead of mapping into vmalloc area,
chunks are allocated as a contiguous kernel memory using
alloc_pages(). As such, percpu allocator on nommu will have the
following restrictions.
* It can't fill chunks on-demand page-by-page. It has to allocate
each chunk fully upfront.
* It can't support sparse chunk for NUMA configurations. SMP w/o mmu
is crazy enough. Let's hope no one does NUMA w/o mmu. :-P
* If chunk size isn't power-of-two multiple of PAGE_SIZE, the
unaligned amount will be wasted on each chunk. So, archs which use
this better align chunk size.
For instructions on how to use this, read the comment on top of
mm/percpu-km.c.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Graff Yang <graff.yang@gmail.com>
Cc: Sonic Zhang <sonic.adi@gmail.com>
