This reverts commit 0ac0c0d0f8, which
caused cross-architecture build problems for all the wrong reasons.
IA64 already added its own version of __node_random(), but the fact is,
there is nothing architectural about the function, and the original
commit was just badly done. Revert it, since no fix is forthcoming.
Requested-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
copy_process(pid => &init_struct_pid) doesn't do attach_pid/etc.
It shouldn't, but this means that the idle threads run with the wrong
pids copied from the caller's task_struct. In x86 case the caller is
either kernel_init() thread or keventd.
In particular, this means that after the series of cpu_up/cpu_down an
idle thread (which never exits) can run with .pid pointing to nowhere.
Change fork_idle() to initialize idle->pids[] correctly. We only set
.pid = &init_struct_pid but do not add .node to list, INIT_TASK() does
the same for the boot-cpu idle thread (swapper).
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Cedric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Herbert Poetzl <herbert@13thfloor.at>
Cc: Mathias Krause <Mathias.Krause@secunet.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu <sukadev@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
No functional changes, just s/atomic_t count/int nr_threads/.
With the recent changes this counter has a single user, get_nr_threads()
And, none of its callers need the really accurate number of threads, not
to mention each caller obviously races with fork/exit. It is only used to
report this value to the user-space, except first_tid() uses it to avoid
the unnecessary while_each_thread() loop in the unlikely case.
It is a bit sad we need a word in struct signal_struct for this, perhaps
we can change get_nr_threads() to approximate the number of threads using
signal->live and kill ->nr_threads later.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
check_unshare_flags(CLONE_SIGHAND) adds CLONE_THREAD to *flags_ptr if the
task is multithreaded to ensure unshare_thread() will fail.
Not only this is a bit strange way to return the error, this is absolutely
meaningless. If signal->count > 1 then sighand->count must be also > 1,
and unshare_sighand() will fail anyway.
In fact, all CLONE_THREAD/SIGHAND/VM checks inside sys_unshare() do not
look right. Fortunately this code doesn't really work anyway.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Veaceslav Falico <vfalico@redhat.com>
Cc: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have a lot of problems with accessing task_struct->signal, it can
"disappear" at any moment. Even current can't use its ->signal safely
after exit_notify(). ->siglock helps, but it is not convenient, not
always possible, and sometimes it makes sense to use task->signal even
after this task has already dead.
This patch adds the reference counter, sigcnt, into signal_struct. This
reference is owned by task_struct and it is dropped in
__put_task_struct(). Perhaps it makes sense to export
get/put_signal_struct() later, but currently I don't see the immediate
reason.
Rename __cleanup_signal() to free_signal_struct() and unexport it. With
the previous changes it does nothing except kmem_cache_free().
Change __exit_signal() to not clear/free ->signal, it will be freed when
the last reference to any thread in the thread group goes away.
Note:
- when the last thead exits signal->tty can point to nowhere, see
the next patch.
- with or without this patch signal_struct->count should go away,
or at least it should be "int nr_threads" for fs/proc. This will
be addressed later.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
tty_kref_put() has two callsites in copy_process() paths,
1. if copy_process() suceeds it is called before we copy
signal->tty from parent
2. otherwise it is called from __cleanup_signal() under
bad_fork_cleanup_signal: label
In both cases tty_kref_put() is not right and unneeded because we don't
have the balancing tty_kref_get(). Fortunately, this is harmless because
this can only happen without CLONE_THREAD, and in this case signal->tty
must be NULL.
Remove tty_kref_put() from copy_process() and __cleanup_signal(), and
change another caller of __cleanup_signal(), __exit_signal(), to call
tty_kref_put() by hand.
I hope this change makes sense by itself, but it is also needed to make
->signal refcountable.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Some workloads that create a large number of small files tend to assign
too many pages to node 0 (multi-node systems). Part of the reason is that
the rotor (in cpuset_mem_spread_node()) used to assign nodes starts at
node 0 for newly created tasks.
This patch changes the rotor to be initialized to a random node number of
the cpuset.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix layout]
[Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com: Define stub numa_random() for !NUMA configuration]
Signed-off-by: Jack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Jack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Cc: Robin Holt <holt@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'perf-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: (311 commits)
perf tools: Add mode to build without newt support
perf symbols: symbol inconsistency message should be done only at verbose=1
perf tui: Add explicit -lslang option
perf options: Type check all the remaining OPT_ variants
perf options: Type check OPT_BOOLEAN and fix the offenders
perf options: Check v type in OPT_U?INTEGER
perf options: Introduce OPT_UINTEGER
perf tui: Add workaround for slang < 2.1.4
perf record: Fix bug mismatch with -c option definition
perf options: Introduce OPT_U64
perf tui: Add help window to show key associations
perf tui: Make <- exit menus too
perf newt: Add single key shortcuts for zoom into DSO and threads
perf newt: Exit browser unconditionally when CTRL+C, q or Q is pressed
perf newt: Fix the 'A'/'a' shortcut for annotate
perf newt: Make <- exit the ui_browser
x86, perf: P4 PMU - fix counters management logic
perf newt: Make <- zoom out filters
perf report: Report number of events, not samples
perf hist: Clarify events_stats fields usage
...
Fix up trivial conflicts in kernel/fork.c and tools/perf/builtin-record.c
Originally, commit d899bf7b ("procfs: provide stack information for
threads") attempted to introduce a new feature for showing where the
threadstack was located and how many pages are being utilized by the
stack.
Commit c44972f1 ("procfs: disable per-task stack usage on NOMMU") was
applied to fix the NO_MMU case.
Commit 89240ba0 ("x86, fs: Fix x86 procfs stack information for threads on
64-bit") was applied to fix a bug in ia32 executables being loaded.
Commit 9ebd4eba7 ("procfs: fix /proc/<pid>/stat stack pointer for kernel
threads") was applied to fix a bug which had kernel threads printing a
userland stack address.
Commit 1306d603f ('proc: partially revert "procfs: provide stack
information for threads"') was then applied to revert the stack pages
being used to solve a significant performance regression.
This patch nearly undoes the effect of all these patches.
The reason for reverting these is it provides an unusable value in
field 28. For x86_64, a fork will result in the task->stack_start
value being updated to the current user top of stack and not the stack
start address. This unpredictability of the stack_start value makes
it worthless. That includes the intended use of showing how much stack
space a thread has.
Other architectures will get different values. As an example, ia64
gets 0. The do_fork() and copy_process() functions appear to treat the
stack_start and stack_size parameters as architecture specific.
I only partially reverted c44972f1 ("procfs: disable per-task stack usage
on NOMMU") . If I had completely reverted it, I would have had to change
mm/Makefile only build pagewalk.o when CONFIG_PROC_PAGE_MONITOR is
configured. Since I could not test the builds without significant effort,
I decided to not change mm/Makefile.
I only partially reverted 89240ba0 ("x86, fs: Fix x86 procfs stack
information for threads on 64-bit") . I left the KSTK_ESP() change in
place as that seemed worthwhile.
Signed-off-by: Robin Holt <holt@sgi.com>
Cc: Stefani Seibold <stefani@seibold.net>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- We weren't zeroing p->rss_stat[] at fork()
- Consequently sync_mm_rss() was dereferencing tsk->mm for kernel
threads and was oopsing.
- Make __sync_task_rss_stat() static, too.
Addresses https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15648
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove the BUG_ON(!mm->rss)]
Reported-by: Troels Liebe Bentsen <tlb@rapanden.dk>
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
"Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Support for the PMU's BTS features has been upstreamed in
v2.6.32, but we still have the old and disabled ptrace-BTS,
as Linus noticed it not so long ago.
It's buggy: TIF_DEBUGCTLMSR is trampling all over that MSR without
regard for other uses (perf) and doesn't provide the flexibility
needed for perf either.
Its users are ptrace-block-step and ptrace-bts, since ptrace-bts
was never used and ptrace-block-step can be implemented using a
much simpler approach.
So axe all 3000 lines of it. That includes the *locked_memory*()
APIs in mm/mlock.c as well.
Reported-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Markus Metzger <markus.t.metzger@intel.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <20100325135413.938004390@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* 'core-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
locking: Make sparse work with inline spinlocks and rwlocks
x86/mce: Fix RCU lockdep splats
rcu: Increase RCU CPU stall timeouts if PROVE_RCU
ftrace: Replace read_barrier_depends() with rcu_dereference_raw()
rcu: Suppress RCU lockdep warnings during early boot
rcu, ftrace: Fix RCU lockdep splat in ftrace_perf_buf_prepare()
rcu: Suppress __mpol_dup() false positive from RCU lockdep
rcu: Make rcu_read_lock_sched_held() handle !PREEMPT
rcu: Add control variables to lockdep_rcu_dereference() diagnostics
rcu, cgroup: Relax the check in task_subsys_state() as early boot is now handled by lockdep-RCU
rcu: Use wrapper function instead of exporting tasklist_lock
sched, rcu: Fix rcu_dereference() for RCU-lockdep
rcu: Make task_subsys_state() RCU-lockdep checks handle boot-time use
rcu: Fix holdoff for accelerated GPs for last non-dynticked CPU
x86/gart: Unexport gart_iommu_aperture
Fix trivial conflicts in kernel/trace/ftrace.c
Remove unneeded initializations in thread_group_cputime_init() and in
posix_cpu_timers_init_group(). They are useless after kmem_cache_zalloc()
was used in copy_signal().
Signed-off-by: Veaceslav Falico <vfalico@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Make sure compiler won't do weird things with limits. E.g. fetching them
twice may return 2 different values after writable limits are implemented.
I.e. either use rlimit helpers added in commit 3e10e716ab ("resource:
add helpers for fetching rlimits") or ACCESS_ONCE if not applicable.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The old anon_vma code can lead to scalability issues with heavily forking
workloads. Specifically, each anon_vma will be shared between the parent
process and all its child processes.
In a workload with 1000 child processes and a VMA with 1000 anonymous
pages per process that get COWed, this leads to a system with a million
anonymous pages in the same anon_vma, each of which is mapped in just one
of the 1000 processes. However, the current rmap code needs to walk them
all, leading to O(N) scanning complexity for each page.
This can result in systems where one CPU is walking the page tables of
1000 processes in page_referenced_one, while all other CPUs are stuck on
the anon_vma lock. This leads to catastrophic failure for a benchmark
like AIM7, where the total number of processes can reach in the tens of
thousands. Real workloads are still a factor 10 less process intensive
than AIM7, but they are catching up.
This patch changes the way anon_vmas and VMAs are linked, which allows us
to associate multiple anon_vmas with a VMA. At fork time, each child
process gets its own anon_vmas, in which its COWed pages will be
instantiated. The parents' anon_vma is also linked to the VMA, because
non-COWed pages could be present in any of the children.
This reduces rmap scanning complexity to O(1) for the pages of the 1000
child processes, with O(N) complexity for at most 1/N pages in the system.
This reduces the average scanning cost in heavily forking workloads from
O(N) to 2.
The only real complexity in this patch stems from the fact that linking a
VMA to anon_vmas now involves memory allocations. This means vma_adjust
can fail, if it needs to attach a VMA to anon_vma structures. This in
turn means error handling needs to be added to the calling functions.
A second source of complexity is that, because there can be multiple
anon_vmas, the anon_vma linking in vma_adjust can no longer be done under
"the" anon_vma lock. To prevent the rmap code from walking up an
incomplete VMA, this patch introduces the VM_LOCK_RMAP VMA flag. This bit
flag uses the same slot as the NOMMU VM_MAPPED_COPY, with an ifdef in mm.h
to make sure it is impossible to compile a kernel that needs both symbolic
values for the same bitflag.
Some test results:
Without the anon_vma changes, when AIM7 hits around 9.7k users (on a test
box with 16GB RAM and not quite enough IO), the system ends up running
>99% in system time, with every CPU on the same anon_vma lock in the
pageout code.
With these changes, AIM7 hits the cross-over point around 29.7k users.
This happens with ~99% IO wait time, there never seems to be any spike in
system time. The anon_vma lock contention appears to be resolved.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Larry Woodman <lwoodman@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are a number of issues:
1) TASK_WAKING vs cgroup_clone (cpusets)
copy_process():
sched_fork()
child->state = TASK_WAKING; /* waiting for wake_up_new_task() */
if (current->nsproxy != p->nsproxy)
ns_cgroup_clone()
cgroup_clone()
mutex_lock(inode->i_mutex)
mutex_lock(cgroup_mutex)
cgroup_attach_task()
ss->can_attach()
ss->attach() [ -> cpuset_attach() ]
cpuset_attach_task()
set_cpus_allowed_ptr();
while (child->state == TASK_WAKING)
cpu_relax();
will deadlock the system.
2) cgroup_clone (cpusets) vs copy_process
So even if the above would work we still have:
copy_process():
if (current->nsproxy != p->nsproxy)
ns_cgroup_clone()
cgroup_clone()
mutex_lock(inode->i_mutex)
mutex_lock(cgroup_mutex)
cgroup_attach_task()
ss->can_attach()
ss->attach() [ -> cpuset_attach() ]
cpuset_attach_task()
set_cpus_allowed_ptr();
...
p->cpus_allowed = current->cpus_allowed
over-writing the modified cpus_allowed.
3) fork() vs hotplug
if we unplug the child's cpu after the sanity check when the child
gets attached to the task_list but before wake_up_new_task() shit
will meet with fan.
Solve all these issues by moving fork cpu selection into
wake_up_new_task().
Reported-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <1264106190.4283.1314.camel@laptop>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Thanks to Roland who pointed out de_thread() issues.
Currently we add sub-threads to ->real_parent->children list. This buys
nothing but slows down do_wait().
With this patch ->children contains only main threads (group leaders).
The only complication is that forget_original_parent() should iterate over
sub-threads by hand, and de_thread() needs another list_replace() when it
changes ->group_leader.
Henceforth do_wait_thread() can never see task_detached() && !EXIT_DEAD
tasks, we can remove this check (and we can unify do_wait_thread() and
ptrace_do_wait()).
This change can confuse the optimistic search in mm_update_next_owner(),
but this is fixable and minor.
Perhaps badness() and oom_kill_process() should be updated, but they
should be fixed in any case.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Ratan Nalumasu <rnalumasu@gmail.com>
Cc: Vitaly Mayatskikh <vmayatsk@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If the tracee calls fork() after PTRACE_SINGLESTEP, the forked child
starts with TIF_SINGLESTEP/X86_EFLAGS_TF bits copied from ptraced parent.
This is not right, especially when the new child is not auto-attaced: in
this case it is killed by SIGTRAP.
Change copy_process() to call user_disable_single_step(). Tested on x86.
Test-case:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/ptrace.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <assert.h>
int main(void)
{
int pid, status;
if (!(pid = fork())) {
assert(ptrace(PTRACE_TRACEME) == 0);
kill(getpid(), SIGSTOP);
if (!fork()) {
/* kernel bug: this child will be killed by SIGTRAP */
printf("Hello world\n");
return 43;
}
wait(&status);
return WEXITSTATUS(status);
}
for (;;) {
assert(pid == wait(&status));
if (WIFEXITED(status))
break;
assert(ptrace(PTRACE_SINGLESTEP, pid, 0,0) == 0);
}
assert(WEXITSTATUS(status) == 43);
return 0;
}
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
