Pull staging/IIO updates from Greg KH:
"Here is the big staging and IIO driver update for 4.18-rc1.
It was delayed as I wanted to make sure the final driver deletions did
not cause any major merge issues, and all now looks good.
There are a lot of patches here, just over 1000. The diffstat summary
shows the major changes here:
1007 files changed, 16828 insertions(+), 227770 deletions(-)
Because of this, we might be close to shrinking the overall kernel
source code size for two releases in a row.
There was loads of work in this release cycle, primarily:
- tons of ks7010 driver cleanups
- lots of mt7621 driver fixes and cleanups
- most driver cleanups
- wilc1000 fixes and cleanups
- lots and lots of IIO driver cleanups and new additions
- debugfs cleanups for all staging drivers
- lots of other staging driver cleanups and fixes, the shortlog has
the full details.
but the big user-visable things here are the removal of 3 chunks of
code:
- ncpfs and ipx were removed on schedule, no one has cared about this
code since it moved to staging last year, and if it needs to come
back, it can be reverted.
- lustre file system is removed.
I've ranted at the lustre developers about once a year for the past
5 years, with no real forward progress at all to clean things up
and get the code into the "real" part of the kernel.
Given that the lustre developers continue to work on an external
tree and try to port those changes to the in-kernel tree every once
in a while, this whole thing really really is not working out at
all. So I'm deleting it so that the developers can spend the time
working in their out-of-tree location and get things cleaned up
properly to get merged into the tree correctly at a later date.
Because of these file removals, you will have merge issues on some of
these files (2 in the ipx code, 1 in the ncpfs code, and 1 in the
atomisp driver). Just delete those files, it's a simple merge :)
All of this has been in linux-next for a while with no reported
problems"
* tag 'staging-4.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/staging: (1011 commits)
staging: ipx: delete it from the tree
ncpfs: remove uapi .h files
ncpfs: remove Documentation
ncpfs: remove compat functionality
staging: ncpfs: delete it
staging: lustre: delete the filesystem from the tree.
staging: vc04_services: no need to save the log debufs dentries
staging: vc04_services: vchiq_debugfs_log_entry can be a void *
staging: vc04_services: remove struct vchiq_debugfs_info
staging: vc04_services: move client dbg directory into static variable
staging: vc04_services: remove odd vchiq_debugfs_top() wrapper
staging: vc04_services: no need to check debugfs return values
staging: mt7621-gpio: reorder includes alphabetically
staging: mt7621-gpio: change gc_map to don't use pointers
staging: mt7621-gpio: use GPIOF_DIR_OUT and GPIOF_DIR_IN macros instead of custom values
staging: mt7621-gpio: change 'to_mediatek_gpio' to make just a one line return
staging: mt7621-gpio: dt-bindings: update documentation for #interrupt-cells property
staging: mt7621-gpio: update #interrupt-cells for the gpio node
staging: mt7621-gpio: dt-bindings: complete documentation for the gpio
staging: mt7621-dts: add missing properties to gpio node
...
timekeeping suspend/resume calls read_persistent_clock() which takes
rtc_lock. That results in might sleep warnings because at that point
we run with interrupts disabled.
We cannot convert rtc_lock to a raw spinlock as that would trigger
other might sleep warnings.
As a workaround we disable the might sleep warnings by setting
system_state to SYSTEM_SUSPEND before calling sysdev_suspend() and
restoring it to SYSTEM_RUNNING afer sysdev_resume(). There is no lock
contention because hibernate / suspend to RAM is single-CPU at this
point.
In s2idle's case the system_state is set to SYSTEM_SUSPEND before
timekeeping_suspend() which is invoked by the last CPU. In the resume
case it set back to SYSTEM_RUNNING after timekeeping_resume() which is
invoked by the first CPU in the resume case. The other CPUs will block
on tick_freeze_lock.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
[bigeasy: cover s2idle in tick_freeze() / tick_unfreeze()]
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
There aren't many users of this so it doesn't cause a problem, but we
obviously want to use "__mptr" here instead of "ptr" to prevent the
parameter from being executed twice.
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Acked-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Luster has a container_of0() function which is similar to
container_of() but passes an IS_ERR_OR_NULL() pointer through
unchanged.
This could be generally useful: bcache at last has a similar function.
Naming is hard, but the precedent set by hlist_entry_safe() suggests
a _safe suffix might be most consistent.
So add container_of_safe() to kernel.h, and replace all occurrences of
container_of0() with one of
- list_first_entry, list_next_entry, when that is a better fit,
- container_of(), when the pointer is used as a validpointer in
surrounding code,
- container_of_safe() when there is no obviously better alternative.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: James Simmons <jsimmons@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
seq_put_decimal_ull_w(m, str, val, width) prints a decimal number with a
specified minimal field width.
It is equivalent of seq_printf(m, "%s%*d", str, width, val), but it
works much faster.
== test_smaps.py
num = 0
with open("/proc/1/smaps") as f:
for x in xrange(10000):
data = f.read()
f.seek(0, 0)
==
== Before patch ==
$ time python test_smaps.py
real 0m4.593s
user 0m0.398s
sys 0m4.158s
== After patch ==
$ time python test_smaps.py
real 0m3.828s
user 0m0.413s
sys 0m3.408s
$ perf -g record python test_smaps.py
== Before patch ==
- 79.01% 3.36% python [kernel.kallsyms] [k] show_smap.isra.33
- 75.65% show_smap.isra.33
+ 48.85% seq_printf
+ 15.75% __walk_page_range
+ 9.70% show_map_vma.isra.23
0.61% seq_puts
== After patch ==
- 75.51% 4.62% python [kernel.kallsyms] [k] show_smap.isra.33
- 70.88% show_smap.isra.33
+ 24.82% seq_put_decimal_ull_w
+ 19.78% __walk_page_range
+ 12.74% seq_printf
+ 11.08% show_map_vma.isra.23
+ 1.68% seq_puts
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix drivers/of/unittest.c build]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180212074931.7227-1-avagin@openvz.org
Signed-off-by: Andrei Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 3c8ba0d61d ("kernel.h: Retain constant expression output for
max()/min()") rewrote our min/max macros to be very clever, but in the
meantime resurrected a variable name shadow issue that we had had
previously fixed in commit 589a9785ee ("min/max: remove sparse
warnings when they're nested").
That commit talks about the sparse warnings that this shadowing causes,
which we ignored as just a minor annoyance. But it turns out that the
sparse warning is the least of our problems. We actually have a real
bug due to the shadowing through the interaction with "min_not_zero()",
which ends up doing
min(__x, __y)
internally, and then the new declaration of "__x" and "__y" as new
variables in __cmp_once() results in a complete mess of an expression,
and "min_not_zero()" doesn't work at all.
For some odd reason, this only ever caused (reported) problems on s390,
even though it is a generic issue and most of the (obviously successful)
testing of the problematic commit had happened on other architectures.
Quoting Sebastian Ott:
"What happened is that the bio build by the partition detection code
was attempted to be split by the block layer because the block queue
had a max_sector setting of 0. blk_queue_max_hw_sectors uses
min_not_zero."
So re-introduce the use of __UNIQUE_ID() to make sure that the min/max
macros do not have these kinds of clashes.
[ That said, __UNIQUE_ID() itself has several issues that make it less
than wonderful.
In particular, the "uniqueness" has a fallback on the line number,
which means that it's not actually unique in more complex cases if you
don't build with gcc or clang (which have working unique counters that
aren't tied to line numbers).
That historical broken fallback also means that we have that pointless
"prefix" argument that doesn't actually make much sense _except_ for
the known-broken case. Oh well. ]
Fixes: 3c8ba0d61d ("kernel.h: Retain constant expression output for max()/min()")
Reported-and-tested-by: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Miguel Ojeda <miguel.ojeda.sandonis@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In the effort to remove all VLAs from the kernel[1], it is desirable to
build with -Wvla. However, this warning is overly pessimistic, in that
it is only happy with stack array sizes that are declared as constant
expressions, and not constant values. One case of this is the
evaluation of the max() macro which, due to its construction, ends up
converting constant expression arguments into a constant value result.
All attempts to rewrite this macro with __builtin_constant_p() failed
with older compilers (e.g. gcc 4.4)[2]. However, Martin Uecker,
constructed[3] a mind-shattering solution that works everywhere.
Cthulhu fhtagn!
This patch updates the min()/max() macros to evaluate to a constant
expression when called on constant expression arguments. This removes
several false-positive stack VLA warnings from an x86 allmodconfig build
when -Wvla is added:
$ diff -u before.txt after.txt | grep ^-
-drivers/input/touchscreen/cyttsp4_core.c:871:2: warning: ISO C90 forbids variable length array ‘ids’ [-Wvla]
-fs/btrfs/tree-checker.c:344:4: warning: ISO C90 forbids variable length array ‘namebuf’ [-Wvla]
-lib/vsprintf.c:747:2: warning: ISO C90 forbids variable length array ‘sym’ [-Wvla]
-net/ipv4/proc.c:403:2: warning: ISO C90 forbids variable length array ‘buff’ [-Wvla]
-net/ipv6/proc.c:198:2: warning: ISO C90 forbids variable length array ‘buff’ [-Wvla]
-net/ipv6/proc.c:218:2: warning: ISO C90 forbids variable length array ‘buff64’ [-Wvla]
This also updates two cases where different enums were being compared
and explicitly casts them to int (which matches the old side-effect of
the single-evaluation code): one in tpm/tpm_tis_core.h, and one in
drm/drm_color_mgmt.c.
[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/3/7/621
[2] https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/3/10/170
[3] https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/3/20/845
Co-Developed-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Co-Developed-by: Martin Uecker <Martin.Uecker@med.uni-goettingen.de>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Miguel Ojeda <miguel.ojeda.sandonis@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull staging/IIO updates from Greg KH:
"Here is the big set of Staging/IIO driver patches for 4.17-rc1.
It is a lot, over 500 changes, but not huge by previous kernel release
standards. We deleted more lines than we added again (27k added vs.
91k remvoed), thanks to finally being able to delete the IRDA drivers
and networking code.
We also deleted the ccree crypto driver, but that's coming back in
through the crypto tree to you, in a much cleaned-up form.
Added this round is at lot of "mt7621" device support, which is for an
embedded device that Neil Brown cares about, and of course a handful
of new IIO drivers as well.
And finally, the fsl-mc core code moved out of the staging tree to the
"real" part of the kernel, which is nice to see happen as well.
Full details are in the shortlog, which has all of the tiny cleanup
patches described.
All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported
issues"
* tag 'staging-4.17-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/staging: (579 commits)
staging: rtl8723bs: Remove yield call, replace with cond_resched()
staging: rtl8723bs: Replace yield() call with cond_resched()
staging: rtl8723bs: Remove unecessary newlines from 'odm.h'.
staging: rtl8723bs: Rework 'struct _ODM_Phy_Status_Info_' coding style.
staging: rtl8723bs: Rework 'struct _ODM_Per_Pkt_Info_' coding style.
staging: rtl8723bs: Replace NULL pointer comparison with '!'.
staging: rtl8723bs: Factor out rtl8723bs_recv_tasklet() sections.
staging: rtl8723bs: Fix function signature that goes over 80 characters.
staging: rtl8723bs: Fix lines too long in update_recvframe_attrib().
staging: rtl8723bs: Remove unnecessary blank lines in 'rtl8723bs_recv.c'.
staging: rtl8723bs: Change camel case to snake case in 'rtl8723bs_recv.c'.
staging: rtl8723bs: Add missing braces in else statement.
staging: rtl8723bs: Add spaces around ternary operators.
staging: rtl8723bs: Fix lines with trailing open parentheses.
staging: rtl8723bs: Remove unnecessary length #define's.
staging: rtl8723bs: Fix IEEE80211 authentication algorithm constants.
staging: rtl8723bs: Fix alignment in rtw_wx_set_auth().
staging: rtl8723bs: Remove braces from single statement conditionals.
staging: rtl8723bs: Remove unecessary braces from switch statement.
staging: rtl8723bs: Fix newlines in rtw_wx_set_auth().
...
move COUNT_ARGS() macro from apparmor to generic header and extend it
to count till twelve.
COUNT() was an alternative name for this logic, but it's used for
different purpose in many other places.
Similarly for CONCATENATE() macro.
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
There is no option to perform 64bit integer sqrt on 32bit platform.
Added stronger typed int_sqrt64 enables the 64bit calculations to
be performed on 32bit platforms. Using same algorithm as int_sqrt()
with strong typing provides enough precision also on 32bit platforms,
but it sacrifices some performance. In case values are smaller than
ULONG_MAX the standard int_sqrt is used for calculation to maximize the
performance due to more native calculations.
Signed-off-by: Crt Mori <cmo@melexis.com>
Acked-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Cameron <Jonathan.Cameron@huawei.com>
This is the gist of a patch which we've been forward-porting in our
kernels for a long time now and it probably would make a good sense to
have such TAINT_AUX flag upstream which can be used by each distro etc,
how they see fit. This way, we won't need to forward-port a distro-only
version indefinitely.
Add an auxiliary taint flag to be used by distros and others. This
obviates the need to forward-port whatever internal solutions people
have in favor of a single flag which they can map arbitrarily to a
definition of their pleasing.
The "X" mnemonic could also mean eXternal, which would be taint from a
distro or something else but not the upstream kernel. We will use it to
mark modules for which we don't provide support. I.e., a really
eXternal module.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170911134533.dp5mtyku5bongx4c@pd.tnic
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Jessica Yu <jeyu@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This implements refcount_t overflow protection on x86 without a noticeable
performance impact, though without the fuller checking of REFCOUNT_FULL.
This is done by duplicating the existing atomic_t refcount implementation
but with normally a single instruction added to detect if the refcount
has gone negative (e.g. wrapped past INT_MAX or below zero). When detected,
the handler saturates the refcount_t to INT_MIN / 2. With this overflow
protection, the erroneous reference release that would follow a wrap back
to zero is blocked from happening, avoiding the class of refcount-overflow
use-after-free vulnerabilities entirely.
Only the overflow case of refcounting can be perfectly protected, since
it can be detected and stopped before the reference is freed and left to
be abused by an attacker. There isn't a way to block early decrements,
and while REFCOUNT_FULL stops increment-from-zero cases (which would
be the state _after_ an early decrement and stops potential double-free
conditions), this fast implementation does not, since it would require
the more expensive cmpxchg loops. Since the overflow case is much more
common (e.g. missing a "put" during an error path), this protection
provides real-world protection. For example, the two public refcount
overflow use-after-free exploits published in 2016 would have been
rendered unexploitable:
http://perception-point.io/2016/01/14/analysis-and-exploitation-of-a-linux-kernel-vulnerability-cve-2016-0728/http://cyseclabs.com/page?n=02012016
This implementation does, however, notice an unchecked decrement to zero
(i.e. caller used refcount_dec() instead of refcount_dec_and_test() and it
resulted in a zero). Decrements under zero are noticed (since they will
have resulted in a negative value), though this only indicates that a
use-after-free may have already happened. Such notifications are likely
avoidable by an attacker that has already exploited a use-after-free
vulnerability, but it's better to have them reported than allow such
conditions to remain universally silent.
On first overflow detection, the refcount value is reset to INT_MIN / 2
(which serves as a saturation value) and a report and stack trace are
produced. When operations detect only negative value results (such as
changing an already saturated value), saturation still happens but no
notification is performed (since the value was already saturated).
On the matter of races, since the entire range beyond INT_MAX but before
0 is negative, every operation at INT_MIN / 2 will trap, leaving no
overflow-only race condition.
As for performance, this implementation adds a single "js" instruction
to the regular execution flow of a copy of the standard atomic_t refcount
operations. (The non-"and_test" refcount_dec() function, which is uncommon
in regular refcount design patterns, has an additional "jz" instruction
to detect reaching exactly zero.) Since this is a forward jump, it is by
default the non-predicted path, which will be reinforced by dynamic branch
prediction. The result is this protection having virtually no measurable
change in performance over standard atomic_t operations. The error path,
located in .text.unlikely, saves the refcount location and then uses UD0
to fire a refcount exception handler, which resets the refcount, handles
reporting, and returns to regular execution. This keeps the changes to
.text size minimal, avoiding return jumps and open-coded calls to the
error reporting routine.
Example assembly comparison:
refcount_inc() before:
.text:
ffffffff81546149: f0 ff 45 f4 lock incl -0xc(%rbp)
refcount_inc() after:
.text:
ffffffff81546149: f0 ff 45 f4 lock incl -0xc(%rbp)
ffffffff8154614d: 0f 88 80 d5 17 00 js ffffffff816c36d3
...
.text.unlikely:
ffffffff816c36d3: 48 8d 4d f4 lea -0xc(%rbp),%rcx
ffffffff816c36d7: 0f ff (bad)
These are the cycle counts comparing a loop of refcount_inc() from 1
to INT_MAX and back down to 0 (via refcount_dec_and_test()), between
unprotected refcount_t (atomic_t), fully protected REFCOUNT_FULL
(refcount_t-full), and this overflow-protected refcount (refcount_t-fast):
2147483646 refcount_inc()s and 2147483647 refcount_dec_and_test()s:
cycles protections
atomic_t 82249267387 none
refcount_t-fast 82211446892 overflow, untested dec-to-zero
refcount_t-full 144814735193 overflow, untested dec-to-zero, inc-from-zero
This code is a modified version of the x86 PAX_REFCOUNT atomic_t
overflow defense from the last public patch of PaX/grsecurity, based
on my understanding of the code. Changes or omissions from the original
code are mine and don't reflect the original grsecurity/PaX code. Thanks
to PaX Team for various suggestions for improvement for repurposing this
code to be a refcount-only protection.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com>
Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers3@gmail.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Greg KH <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Hans Liljestrand <ishkamiel@gmail.com>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@hansenpartnership.com>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: arozansk@redhat.com
Cc: axboe@kernel.dk
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Cc: linux-arch <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170815161924.GA133115@beast
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
If the first parameter of container_of() is a pointer to a
non-const-qualified array type (and the third parameter names a
non-const-qualified array member), the local variable __mptr will be
defined with a const-qualified array type. In ISO C, these types are
incompatible. They work as expected in GNU C, but some versions will
issue warnings. For example, GCC 4.9 produces the warning
"initialization from incompatible pointer type".
Here is an example of where the problem occurs:
-------------------------------------------------------
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
struct st {
int a;
char b[16];
};
static int __init example_init(void) {
struct st t = { .a = 101, .b = "hello" };
char (*p)[16] = &t.b;
struct st *x = container_of(p, struct st, b);
printk(KERN_DEBUG "%p %p\n", (void *)&t, (void *)x);
return 0;
}
static void __exit example_exit(void) {
}
module_init(example_init);
module_exit(example_exit);
-------------------------------------------------------
Building the module with gcc-4.9 results in these warnings (where '{m}'
is the module source and '{k}' is the kernel source):
-------------------------------------------------------
In file included from {m}/example.c:1:0:
{m}/example.c: In function `example_init':
{k}/include/linux/kernel.h:854:48: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type
const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr); \
^
{m}/example.c:14:17: note: in expansion of macro `container_of'
struct st *x = container_of(p, struct st, b);
^
{k}/include/linux/kernel.h:854:48: warning: (near initialization for `x')
const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr); \
^
{m}/example.c:14:17: note: in expansion of macro `container_of'
struct st *x = container_of(p, struct st, b);
^
-------------------------------------------------------
Replace the type checking performed by the macro to avoid these
warnings. Make sure `*(ptr)` either has type compatible with the
member, or has type compatible with `void`, ignoring qualifiers. Raise
compiler errors if this is not true. This is stronger than the previous
behaviour, which only resulted in compiler warnings for a type mismatch.
[arnd@arndb.de: fix new warnings for container_of()]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170620200940.90557-1-arnd@arndb.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170525120316.24473-7-abbotti@mev.co.uk
Signed-off-by: Ian Abbott <abbotti@mev.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
