The radix-tree and idr preload mechanisms use preempt_disable() to protect
the complete operation between xxx_preload() and xxx_preload_end().
As the code inside the preempt disabled section acquires regular spinlocks,
which are converted to 'sleeping' spinlocks on a PREEMPT_RT kernel and
eventually calls into a memory allocator, this conflicts with the RT
semantics.
Convert it to a local_lock which allows RT kernels to substitute them with
a real per CPU lock. On non RT kernels this maps to preempt_disable() as
before, but provides also lockdep coverage of the critical region.
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200527201119.1692513-3-bigeasy@linutronix.de
Pull XArray fixes from Matthew Wilcox:
"These all fix various bugs, some of which people have tripped over and
some of which have been caught by automatic tools"
* tag 'xarray-5.4' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/linux-dax:
idr: Fix idr_alloc_u32 on 32-bit systems
idr: Fix integer overflow in idr_for_each_entry
radix tree: Remove radix_tree_iter_find
idr: Fix idr_get_next_ul race with idr_remove
XArray: Fix xas_next() with a single entry at 0
If there is an entry at INT_MAX then idr_for_each_entry() will increment
id after handling it. This is undefined behaviour, and is caught by
UBSAN. Adding 1U to id forces the operation to be carried out as an
unsigned addition which (when assigned to id) will result in INT_MIN.
Since there is never an entry stored at INT_MIN, idr_get_next() will
return NULL, ending the loop as expected.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Similarly, other callers of idr_get_next_ul() suffer the same
overflow bug as they don't handle it properly either.
Introduce idr_for_each_entry_continue_ul() to help these callers
iterate from a given ID.
cls_flower needs more care here because it still has overflow when
does arg->cookie++, we have to fold its nested loops into one
and remove the arg->cookie++.
Fixes: 01683a1469 ("net: sched: refactor flower walk to iterate over idr")
Fixes: 12d6066c3b ("net/mlx5: Add flow counters idr")
Reported-by: Li Shuang <shuali@redhat.com>
Cc: Davide Caratti <dcaratti@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlad Buslov <vladbu@mellanox.com>
Cc: Chris Mi <chrism@mellanox.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Davide Caratti <dcaratti@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
idr_for_each_entry_ul() is buggy as it can't handle overflow
case correctly. When we have an ID == UINT_MAX, it becomes an
infinite loop. This happens when running on 32-bit CPU where
unsigned long has the same size with unsigned int.
There is no better way to fix this than casting it to a larger
integer, but we can't just 64 bit integer on 32 bit CPU. Instead
we could just use an additional integer to help us to detect this
overflow case, that is, adding a new parameter to this macro.
Fortunately tc action is its only user right now.
Fixes: 65a206c01e ("net/sched: Change act_api and act_xxx modules to use IDR")
Reported-by: Li Shuang <shuali@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Davide Caratti <dcaratti@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Chris Mi <chrism@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Use the XA_TRACK_FREE ability to track which entries have a free bit,
similarly to how it uses the radix tree's IDR_FREE tag. This eliminates
the per-cpu ida_bitmap preload, and fixes the memory consumption
regression I introduced when making the IDR able to store any pointer.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Pull IDA updates from Matthew Wilcox:
"A better IDA API:
id = ida_alloc(ida, GFP_xxx);
ida_free(ida, id);
rather than the cumbersome ida_simple_get(), ida_simple_remove().
The new IDA API is similar to ida_simple_get() but better named. The
internal restructuring of the IDA code removes the bitmap
preallocation nonsense.
I hope the net -200 lines of code is convincing"
* 'ida-4.19' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/linux-dax: (29 commits)
ida: Change ida_get_new_above to return the id
ida: Remove old API
test_ida: check_ida_destroy and check_ida_alloc
test_ida: Convert check_ida_conv to new API
test_ida: Move ida_check_max
test_ida: Move ida_check_leaf
idr-test: Convert ida_check_nomem to new API
ida: Start new test_ida module
target/iscsi: Allocate session IDs from an IDA
iscsi target: fix session creation failure handling
drm/vmwgfx: Convert to new IDA API
dmaengine: Convert to new IDA API
ppc: Convert vas ID allocation to new IDA API
media: Convert entity ID allocation to new IDA API
ppc: Convert mmu context allocation to new IDA API
Convert net_namespace to new IDA API
cb710: Convert to new IDA API
rsxx: Convert to new IDA API
osd: Convert to new IDA API
sd: Convert to new IDA API
...
Delete ida_pre_get(), ida_get_new(), ida_get_new_above() and ida_remove()
from the public API. Some of these functions still exist as internal
helpers, but they should not be called by consumers.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Add ida_alloc(), ida_alloc_min(), ida_alloc_max(), ida_alloc_range()
and ida_free(). The ida_alloc_max() and ida_alloc_range() functions
differ from ida_simple_get() in that they take an inclusive 'max'
parameter instead of an exclusive 'end' parameter. Callers are about
evenly split whether they'd like inclusive or exclusive parameters and
'max' is easier to document than 'end'.
Change the IDA allocation to first attempt to allocate a bit using
existing memory, and only allocate memory afterwards. Also change the
behaviour of 'min' > INT_MAX from being a BUG() to returning -ENOSPC.
Leave compatibility wrappers in place for ida_simple_get() and
ida_simple_remove() to avoid changing all callers.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Allow users of the IDR to use the XArray lock for their own
synchronisation purposes. The IDR continues to rely on the caller to
handle locking, but this lets the caller use the lock embedded in the
IDR data structure instead of allocating their own lock.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@mellanox.com>
This results in no change in structure size on 64-bit machines as it
fits in the padding between the gfp_t and the void *. 32-bit machines
will grow the structure from 8 to 12 bytes. Almost all radix trees are
protected with (at least) a spinlock, so as they are converted from
radix trees to xarrays, the data structures will shrink again.
Initialising the spinlock requires a name for the benefit of lockdep, so
RADIX_TREE_INIT() now needs to know the name of the radix tree it's
initialising, and so do IDR_INIT() and IDA_INIT().
Also add the xa_lock() and xa_unlock() family of wrappers to make it
easier to use the lock. If we could rely on -fplan9-extensions in the
compiler, we could avoid all of this syntactic sugar, but that wasn't
added until gcc 4.6.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180313132639.17387-8-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Cc: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "XArray", v9. (First part thereof).
This patchset is, I believe, appropriate for merging for 4.17. It
contains the XArray implementation, to eventually replace the radix
tree, and converts the page cache to use it.
This conversion keeps the radix tree and XArray data structures in sync
at all times. That allows us to convert the page cache one function at
a time and should allow for easier bisection. Other than renaming some
elements of the structures, the data structures are fundamentally
unchanged; a radix tree walk and an XArray walk will touch the same
number of cachelines. I have changes planned to the XArray data
structure, but those will happen in future patches.
Improvements the XArray has over the radix tree:
- The radix tree provides operations like other trees do; 'insert' and
'delete'. But what most users really want is an automatically
resizing array, and so it makes more sense to give users an API that
is like an array -- 'load' and 'store'. We still have an 'insert'
operation for users that really want that semantic.
- The XArray considers locking as part of its API. This simplifies a
lot of users who formerly had to manage their own locking just for
the radix tree. It also improves code generation as we can now tell
RCU that we're holding a lock and it doesn't need to generate as much
fencing code. The other advantage is that tree nodes can be moved
(not yet implemented).
- GFP flags are now parameters to calls which may need to allocate
memory. The radix tree forced users to decide what the allocation
flags would be at creation time. It's much clearer to specify them at
allocation time.
- Memory is not preloaded; we don't tie up dozens of pages on the off
chance that the slab allocator fails. Instead, we drop the lock,
allocate a new node and retry the operation. We have to convert all
the radix tree, IDA and IDR preload users before we can realise this
benefit, but I have not yet found a user which cannot be converted.
- The XArray provides a cmpxchg operation. The radix tree forces users
to roll their own (and at least four have).
- Iterators take a 'max' parameter. That simplifies many users and will
reduce the amount of iteration done.
- Iteration can proceed backwards. We only have one user for this, but
since it's called as part of the pagefault readahead algorithm, that
seemed worth mentioning.
- RCU-protected pointers are not exposed as part of the API. There are
some fun bugs where the page cache forgets to use rcu_dereference()
in the current codebase.
- Value entries gain an extra bit compared to radix tree exceptional
entries. That gives us the extra bit we need to put huge page swap
entries in the page cache.
- Some iterators now take a 'filter' argument instead of having
separate iterators for tagged/untagged iterations.
The page cache is improved by this:
- Shorter, easier to read code
- More efficient iterations
- Reduction in size of struct address_space
- Fewer walks from the top of the data structure; the XArray API
encourages staying at the leaf node and conducting operations there.
This patch (of 8):
None of these bits may be used for slab allocations, so we can use them
as radix tree flags as long as we mask them off before passing them to
the slab allocator. Move the IDR flag from the high bits to the
GFP_ZONEMASK bits.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180313132639.17387-3-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Cc: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Move the idr kernel-doc to its own idr.rst file and add a few
paragraphs about how to use it. Also add some more kernel-doc.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
About 20% of the IDR users in the kernel want the allocated IDs to start
at 1. The implementation currently searches all the way down the left
hand side of the tree, finds no free ID other than ID 0, walks all the
way back up, and then all the way down again. This patch 'rebases' the
ID so we fill the entire radix tree, rather than leave a gap at 0.
Chris Wilson says: "I did the quick hack of allocating index 0 of the
idr and that eradicated idr_get_free() from being at the top of the
profiles for the many-object stress tests. This improvement will be
much appreciated."
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Most places in the kernel that we need to distinguish functions by the
type of their arguments, we use '_ul' as a suffix for the unsigned long
variant, not '_ext'. Also add kernel-doc.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
It has no more users, so remove it. Move idr_alloc() back into idr.c,
move the guts of idr_alloc_cmn() into idr_alloc_u32(), remove the
wrappers around idr_get_free_cmn() and rename it to idr_get_free().
While there is now no interface to allocate IDs larger than a u32,
the IDR internals remain ready to handle a larger ID should a need arise.
These changes make it possible to provide the guarantee that, if the
nextid pointer points into the object, the object's ID will be initialised
before a concurrent lookup can find the object.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
All current users of idr_alloc_ext() actually want to allocate a u32
and idr_alloc_u32() fits their needs better.
Like idr_get_next(), it uses a 'nextid' argument which serves as both
a pointer to the start ID and the assigned ID (instead of a separate
minimum and pointer-to-assigned-ID argument). It uses a 'max' argument
rather than 'end' because the semantics that idr_alloc has for 'end'
don't work well for unsigned types.
Since idr_alloc_u32() returns an errno instead of the allocated ID, mark
it as __must_check to help callers use it correctly. Include copious
kernel-doc. Chris Mi <chrism@mellanox.com> has promised to contribute
test-cases for idr_alloc_u32.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Changing idr_replace's 'id' argument to 'unsigned long' works for all
callers. Callers which passed a negative ID now get -ENOENT instead of
-EINVAL. No callers relied on this error value.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
The following new APIs are added:
int idr_alloc_ext(struct idr *idr, void *ptr, unsigned long *index,
unsigned long start, unsigned long end, gfp_t gfp);
void *idr_remove_ext(struct idr *idr, unsigned long id);
void *idr_find_ext(const struct idr *idr, unsigned long id);
void *idr_replace_ext(struct idr *idr, void *ptr, unsigned long id);
void *idr_get_next_ext(struct idr *idr, unsigned long *nextid);
Signed-off-by: Chris Mi <chrism@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
