Currently a number of Makefiles break when used with toolchains that
pass extra flags in CC and other cross-compile related variables (such
as --sysroot).
Thus we get this error when we use a toolchain that puts --sysroot in
the CC var:
~/src/linux/tools$ make iio
[snip]
iio_event_monitor.c:18:10: fatal error: unistd.h: No such file or directory
#include <unistd.h>
^~~~~~~~~~
This occurs because we clobber several env vars related to
cross-compiling with lines like this:
CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
Although this will point to a valid cross-compiler, we lose any extra
flags that might exist in the CC variable, which can break toolchains
that rely on them (for example, those that use --sysroot).
This easily shows up using a Yocto SDK:
$ . [snip]/sdk/environment-setup-cortexa8hf-neon-poky-linux-gnueabi
$ echo $CC
arm-poky-linux-gnueabi-gcc -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon -mfloat-abi=hard
-mcpu=cortex-a8
--sysroot=[snip]/sdk/sysroots/cortexa8hf-neon-poky-linux-gnueabi
$ echo $CROSS_COMPILE
arm-poky-linux-gnueabi-
$ echo ${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc
krm-poky-linux-gnueabi-gcc
Although arm-poky-linux-gnueabi-gcc is a cross-compiler, we've lost the
--sysroot and other flags that enable us to find the right libraries to
link against, so we can't find unistd.h and other libraries and headers.
Normally with the --sysroot flag we would find unistd.h in the sdk
directory in the sysroot:
$ find [snip]/sdk/sysroots -path '*/usr/include/unistd.h'
[snip]/sdk/sysroots/cortexa8hf-neon-poky-linux-gnueabi/usr/include/unistd.h
The perf Makefile adds CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc if and only if CC is not
already set, and it compiles correctly with the above toolchain.
So, generalize the logic that perf uses in the common Makefile and
remove the manual CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc lines from each Makefile.
Note that this patch does not fix cross-compile for all the tools (some
have other bugs), but it does fix it for all except usb and acpi, which
still have other unrelated issues.
I tested both with and without the patch on native and cross-build and
there appear to be no regressions.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180107214028.23771-1-martin@martingkelly.com
Signed-off-by: Martin Kelly <martin@martingkelly.com>
Acked-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Cc: "K. Y. Srinivasan" <kys@microsoft.com>
Cc: Haiyang Zhang <haiyangz@microsoft.com>
Cc: Stephen Hemminger <sthemmin@microsoft.com>
Cc: Jonathan Cameron <jic23@kernel.org>
Cc: Pali Rohar <pali.rohar@gmail.com>
Cc: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Cc: Jacek Anaszewski <jacek.anaszewski@gmail.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Robert Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Cc: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Valentina Manea <valentina.manea.m@gmail.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Cc: Mario Limonciello <mario.limonciello@dell.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "oom: capture unreclaimable slab info in oom message", v10.
Recently we ran into a oom issue, kernel panic due to no killable
process. The dmesg shows huge unreclaimable slabs used almost 100%
memory, but kdump doesn't capture vmcore due to some reason.
So, it may sound better to capture unreclaimable slab info in oom
message when kernel panic to aid trouble shooting and cover the corner
case. Since kernel already panic, so capturing more information sounds
worthy and doesn't bother normal oom killer.
With the patchset, tools/vm/slabinfo has a new option, "-U", to show
unreclaimable slab only.
And, oom will print all non zero (num_objs * size != 0) unreclaimable
slabs in oom killer message.
This patch (of 3):
Add "-U" option to show unreclaimable slabs only.
"-U" and "-S" together can tell us what unreclaimable slabs use the most
memory to help debug huge unreclaimable slabs issue.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507152550-46205-2-git-send-email-yang.s@alibaba-inc.com
Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.s@alibaba-inc.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Currently the tools/vm Makefile has a rather arbitrary implicit build
rule; page-types is the first value in TARGETS so lets just build that
one! Additionally there is no install rule and this is needed for make -C
tools vm_install to work properly.
Provide a more sensible implicit build rule and a new install rule.
Note that the variables names used by the install rule (DESTDIR and
sbindir) are copied from prior-art in tools/power/cpupower.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170113165630.27541-1-daniel.thompson@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I found that page-types is very slow and my testing shows many timeout
errors. Here's an example with a simple program allocating 1000 thps.
$ time ./page-types -p $(pgrep -f test_alloc)
...
real 0m17.201s
user 0m16.889s
sys 0m0.312s
Most of time is spent in memset(). Currently memset() clears over whole
buffer for every walk_pfn() call, which is inefficient when walk_pfn()
is called from walk_vma(), because in that case walk_pfn() is called for
each pfn. So this patch limits the zero initialization only for the
first element.
$ time ./page-types.patched -p $(pgrep -f test_alloc)
...
real 0m0.182s
user 0m0.046s
sys 0m0.135s
Fixes: 954e95584579 ("tools/vm/page-types.c: add memory cgroup dumping and filtering")
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Suggested-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This adds two command line keys:
-c|--cgroup path|@inode Walk only pages owned by this memory cgroup
-C|--list-cgroup Show memory cgroup inodes
[vdavydov@virtuozzo.com: opt_cgroup should be uint64_t. Fix conflicts with "tools/vm/page-types.c: support swap entry"]
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
GNUplot `slabinfo -X' stats, collected, for example, using the
following command:
while [ 1 ]; do slabinfo -X >> stats; sleep 1; done
`slabinfo-gnuplot.sh stats' pre-processes collected records
and generate graphs (totals, slabs sorted by size, slabs
sorted by size).
Graphs can be [individually] regenerate with different samples
range and graph width-heigh (-r %d,%d and -s %d,%d options).
To visually compare N `totals' graphs:
slabinfo-gnuplot.sh -t FILE1-totals FILE2-totals ... FILEN-totals
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patchset adds 'extended' slabinfo mode that provides additional
information:
-- totals summary
-- slabs sorted by size
-- slabs sorted by loss (waste)
The patches also introduces several new slabinfo options to limit the
number of slabs reported, sort slabs by loss (waste); and some fixes.
Extended output example (slabinfo -X -N 2):
Slabcache Totals
----------------
Slabcaches : 91 Aliases : 119->69 Active: 63
Memory used: 199798784 # Loss : 10689376 MRatio: 5%
# Objects : 324301 # PartObj: 18151 ORatio: 5%
Per Cache Average Min Max Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#Objects 5147 1 89068 324301
#Slabs 199 1 3886 12537
#PartSlab 12 0 240 778
%PartSlab 32% 0% 100% 6%
PartObjs 5 0 4569 18151
% PartObj 26% 0% 100% 5%
Memory 3171409 8192 127336448 199798784
Used 3001736 160 121429728 189109408
Loss 169672 0 5906720 10689376
Per Object Average Min Max
-----------------------------------------------------------
Memory 585 8 8192
User 583 8 8192
Loss 2 0 64
Slabs sorted by size
--------------------
Name Objects Objsize Space Slabs/Part/Cpu O/S O %Fr %Ef Flg
ext4_inode_cache 69948 1736 127336448 3871/0/15 18 3 0 95 a
dentry 89068 288 26058752 3164/0/17 28 1 0 98 a
Slabs sorted by loss
--------------------
Name Objects Objsize Loss Slabs/Part/Cpu O/S O %Fr %Ef Flg
ext4_inode_cache 69948 1736 5906720 3871/0/15 18 3 0 95 a
inode_cache 11628 864 537472 642/0/4 18 2 0 94 a
The last patch in the series addresses Linus' comment from
http://marc.info/?l=linux-mm&m=144148518703321&w=2
(well, it's been some time. sorry.)
gnuplot script takes the slabinfo records file, where every record is a `slabinfo -X'
output. So the basic workflow is, for example, as follows:
while [ 1 ]; do slabinfo -X -N 2 >> stats; sleep 1; done
^C
slabinfo-gnuplot.sh stats
The last command will produce 3 png files (and 3 stats files)
-- graph of slabinfo totals
-- graph of slabs by size
-- graph of slabs by loss
It's also possible to select a range of records for plotting (a range of collected
slabinfo outputs) via `-r 10,100` (for example); and compare totals from several
measurements (to visially compare slabs behaviour (10,50 range)) using
pre-parsed totals files:
slabinfo-gnuplot.sh -r 10,50 -t stats-totals1 .. stats-totals2
This also, technically, supports ktest. Upload new slabinfo to target,
collect the stats and give the resulting stats file to slabinfo-gnuplot
This patch (of 8):
Use getopt constants in `struct option' ->has_arg instead of numerical
representations.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There were some changes in how this debugfs mounting helper is
implemented/exported and we forgot to check if there were other users
besides perf, fix it.
Need to do a make -C tools/ everytime we do changes to
tools/{lib,include} and other places where we're moving things from
tools/perf/ to be used by other tools/ living code.
Fixed:
$ make -C tools/vm
make: Entering directory '/home/git/linux/tools/vm'
make -C ../lib/api
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/git/linux/tools/lib/api'
CC fd/array.o
LD fd/libapi-in.o
CC fs/fs.o
CC fs/tracing_path.o
LD fs/libapi-in.o
CC cpu.o
LD libapi-in.o
AR libapi.a
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/git/linux/tools/lib/api'
gcc -Wall -Wextra -I../lib/ -o page-types page-types.c ../lib/api/libapi.a
make: Leaving directory '/home/git/linux/tools/vm'
$
Reported-by: Vinson Lee <vlee@twopensource.com>
Tested-by: Vinson Lee <vlee@twopensource.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Raphael Beamonte <raphael.beamonte@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Fixes: 60a1133a5b ("tools lib api fs: Remove debugfs, tracefs and findfs objects")
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
This patch sets bit 56 in pagemap if this page is mapped only once. It
allows to detect exclusively used pages without exposing PFN:
present file exclusive state
0 0 0 non-present
1 1 0 file page mapped somewhere else
1 1 1 file page mapped only here
1 0 0 anon non-CoWed page (shared with parent/child)
1 0 1 anon CoWed page (or never forked)
CoWed pages in (MAP_FILE | MAP_PRIVATE) areas are anon in this context.
MMap-exclusive bit doesn't reflect potential page-sharing via swapcache:
page could be mapped once but has several swap-ptes which point to it.
Application could detect that by swap bit in pagemap entry and touch that
pte via /proc/pid/mem to get real information.
See http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAEVpBa+_RyACkhODZrRvQLs80iy0sqpdrd0AaP_-tgnX3Y9yNQ@mail.gmail.com
Requested by Mark Williamson.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix spello]
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Reviewed-by: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Tested-by: Mark Williamson <mwilliamson@undo-software.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
