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<h1 id="automatic-first-boot-configuration">Automatic first boot configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#automatic-first-boot-configuration" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<h2 id="reading-presets-from-local-config">Reading presets from local config<a class="headerlink" href="#reading-presets-from-local-config" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>It is possible to configure your device automatically at first boot. Settings like: root password, IP address, connecting to wireless.</p>
<p>After flashing an image to boot media, mount it and add a file containing your config to <code>/root/.not_logged_in_yet</code></p>
<details class="tip" open="open">
<summary>Tip</summary>
<p>You may also mount the image and edit it prior to flashing, if this is preferable.</p>
</details>
<h2 id="loading-a-remote-config">Loading a remote config<a class="headerlink" href="#loading-a-remote-config" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>It is also possible to load this config file from a remote server, as above, however the <strong>only</strong> directive you should include is:</p>
<div class="language-bash highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><th colspan="2" class="filename"><span class="filename">/root/.not_logged_in_yet</span></th></tr><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span></span><span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-0-1">1</a></span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-0-1"><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_CONFIGURATION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;http://path/to/config/file&quot;</span>
</span></code></pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
<h2 id="configuration-directives">Configuration directives<a class="headerlink" href="#configuration-directives" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<ul>
<li>The directives in this file are specified using <code>key="value"</code> format. </li>
<li>To ask for a value interactively, leave it unset or comment out the directive. </li>
<li>For fully-unattended setup, specify all values. </li>
</ul>
<div class="admonition caution">
<p class="admonition-title">Caution</p>
<p>No validation of this network config is performed, wrong settings will lead to broken network.<br />
Armbian supports <a href="https://netplan.io">netplan.io</a>, this is the preferred config method.<br />
See <a href="https://netplan.readthedocs.io/en/stable/examples/">netplan guides</a> for various example configurations.<br />
Netplan config is stored in <code>/etc/netplan/</code>. </p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">Configuration directive</th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><code>[default]</code> | <code>option</code></th>
<th style="text-align: left;">Description:</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_CONFIGURATION</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>http://path/to/config/file</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">See <a href="#loading-a-remote-config">Loading a remote config</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_NET_CHANGE_DEFAULTS</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>[0]</code> | <code>1</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Change default network settings<br>if unset, <strong>no network changes will be applied</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_NET_ETHERNET_ENABLED</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>0</code> | <code>1</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Enable Ethernet, ignored if WiFi enabled</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_NET_WIFI_ENABLED</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>0</code> | <code>1</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Enable WiFi, <strong>takes priority over Ethernet</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_NET_WIFI_SSID</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>MySSID</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">WiFi SSID</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_NET_WIFI_KEY</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>MyWPA-PSK</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">WiFi Pre-Shared Key (Password), <strong>stored in plaintext</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_NET_WIFI_COUNTRYCODE</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>CC</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Country code, <strong>required</strong> for WiFi<br>e.g. <code>GB</code>, <code>US</code>, <code>DE</code>; see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2">Wikipedia/ISO_3166</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_CONNECT_WIRELESS</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>Y</code> | <code>n</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Set to <code>Y</code> for interactive mode, <code>n</code> uses values from file</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_NET_USE_STATIC</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>[0]</code> | <code>1</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Use the static IP provided, DHCP is the default<br>Leaving <strong>any</strong> value unset will result in a broken config</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_NET_STATIC_IP</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Static IPv4 address, dotted decimal notation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_NET_STATIC_MASK</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Subnet mask, typically <code>255.255.255.0</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_NET_STATIC_GATEWAY</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Default gateway address</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_NET_STATIC_DNS</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>x.x.x.x x.x.x.x</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">DNS Servers to use, separated by a space. If unsure:<br>CloudFlare is <code>1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1</code><br>Google is <code>8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>SET_LANG_BASED_ON_LOCATION</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>Y</code> | <code>n</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&ldquo;Set user language based on your location?&rdquo;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_LOCALE</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>locale</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Locale e.g. <code>en_GB.UTF-8</code>, <code>de_DE.UTF-8</code>, <code>zh_TW.UTF-8</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_TIMEZONE</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>timezone</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Timezone e.g. <code>Etc/UTC</code>,</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_ROOT_PASSWORD</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>[1234]</code> | <code>password</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Preset <code>root</code> password<br><strong>Stored in plaintext</strong>, <em>SSH keys are safer!</em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_ROOT_KEY</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>https://path/to/key.file</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Fetches public key from specified URL for <code>root</code> user</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_USER_NAME</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>username</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Username to create</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_USER_PASSWORD</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>password</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Preset created user password<br><strong>Stored in plaintext</strong>, <em>SSH keys are safer!</em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_USER_KEY</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>https://path/to/key.file</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Fetches public key from specified URL for created user</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_DEFAULT_REALNAME</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>Real Name</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">RealName to use for created user</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>PRESET_USER_SHELL</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>shell</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;">Currently only <code>bash</code> (default) or <code>zsh</code> (<code>armbian-zsh</code>) supported</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sample-config-file">Sample config file<a class="headerlink" href="#sample-config-file" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>The following is an example configuration, it may be used as a template </p>
<div class="language-bash highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><th colspan="2" class="filename"><span class="filename">/root/.not_logged_in_yet</span></th></tr><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span></span><span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-1"> 1</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-2"> 2</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-3"> 3</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-4"> 4</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-5"> 5</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-6"> 6</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-7"> 7</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-8"> 8</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-9"> 9</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-10">10</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-11">11</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-12">12</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-13">13</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-14">14</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-15">15</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-16">16</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-17">17</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-18">18</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-19">19</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-20">20</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-21">21</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-22">22</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-23">23</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-24">24</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-25">25</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-26">26</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-27">27</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-28">28</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-29">29</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-30">30</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-31">31</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-32">32</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-33">33</a></span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-1-1"><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="c1">#/root/.not_logged_in_yet</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-2"><a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="c1"># Network Settings</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-3"><a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_NET_CHANGE_DEFAULTS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;1&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-4"><a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="c1">## Ethernet</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-5"><a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_NET_ETHERNET_ENABLED</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Ignored due to WiFi</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-6"><a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="c1">## WiFi</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-7"><a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_NET_WIFI_ENABLED</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;1&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-8"><a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_NET_WIFI_SSID</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;MySSID&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-9"><a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_NET_WIFI_KEY</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;MyWiFiKEY&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-10"><a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_NET_WIFI_COUNTRYCODE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;GB&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-11"><a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_CONNECT_WIRELESS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;n&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-12"><a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="c1">## Static IP</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-13"><a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_NET_USE_STATIC</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;1&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-14"><a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_NET_STATIC_IP</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;192.168.0.100&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-15"><a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_NET_STATIC_MASK</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;255.255.255.0&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-16"><a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_NET_STATIC_GATEWAY</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;192.168.0.1&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-17"><a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_NET_STATIC_DNS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-18"><a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18"></a>
</span><span id="__span-1-19"><a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="c1"># System</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-20"><a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="nv">SET_LANG_BASED_ON_LOCATION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;y&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-21"><a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_LOCALE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;en_US.UTF-8&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-22"><a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_TIMEZONE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;Etc/UTC&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-23"><a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23"></a>
</span><span id="__span-1-24"><a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="c1"># Root</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-25"><a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_ROOT_PASSWORD</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;RootPassword&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-26"><a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_ROOT_KEY</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-27"><a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27"></a>
</span><span id="__span-1-28"><a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="c1"># User</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-29"><a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_USER_NAME</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;armbian&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-30"><a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_USER_PASSWORD</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;UserPassword&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-31"><a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_USER_KEY</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-32"><a id="__codelineno-1-32" name="__codelineno-1-32"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_DEFAULT_REALNAME</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;Armbian user&quot;</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-33"><a id="__codelineno-1-33" name="__codelineno-1-33"></a><span class="nv">PRESET_USER_SHELL</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;bash&quot;</span>
</span></code></pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
<details class="tip" open="open">
<summary>Tip</summary>
<p>If you want to use first run automatic configuration at build time, <a href="https://github.com/armbian/build/pull/6194">check this GitHub pull request</a>.</p>
<p>tl;dr;</p>
<ol>
<li>Copy the template with <code>cp extensions/preset-firstrun.sh userpatches/extensions/</code></li>
<li>Edit the template <code>userpatches/extensions/preset-firstrun.sh</code> according to your situation</li>
<li>Build your Armbian image using the additional parameter <code>ENABLE_EXTENSIONS=preset-firstrun</code></li>
</ol>
</details>
</article>
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