The efi boot stub tries to read the entire initrd in 1 go, however
some efi implementations hang if too much if asked to read too much
data at the same time. After some experimentation I found out that my
asrock p67 board will hang if asked to read chunks of 4MiB, so use a
safe value.
elilo reads in chunks of 16KiB, but since that requires many read
calls I use a value of 1 MiB. hpa suggested adding individual
blacklists for when systems are found where this value causes a crash.
Signed-off-by: Maarten Lankhorst <m.b.lankhorst@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4EEB3A02.3090201@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
There is currently a large divide between kernel development and the
development of EFI boot loaders. The idea behind this patch is to give
the kernel developers full control over the EFI boot process. As
H. Peter Anvin put it,
"The 'kernel carries its own stub' approach been very successful in
dealing with BIOS, and would make a lot of sense to me for EFI as
well."
This patch introduces an EFI boot stub that allows an x86 bzImage to
be loaded and executed by EFI firmware. The bzImage appears to the
firmware as an EFI application. Luckily there are enough free bits
within the bzImage header so that it can masquerade as an EFI
application, thereby coercing the EFI firmware into loading it and
jumping to its entry point. The beauty of this masquerading approach
is that both BIOS and EFI boot loaders can still load and run the same
bzImage, thereby allowing a single kernel image to work in any boot
environment.
The EFI boot stub supports multiple initrds, but they must exist on
the same partition as the bzImage. Command-line arguments for the
kernel can be appended after the bzImage name when run from the EFI
shell, e.g.
Shell> bzImage console=ttyS0 root=/dev/sdb initrd=initrd.img
v7:
- Fix checkpatch warnings.
v6:
- Try to allocate initrd memory just below hdr->inird_addr_max.
v5:
- load_options_size is UTF-16, which needs dividing by 2 to convert
to the corresponding ASCII size.
v4:
- Don't read more than image->load_options_size
v3:
- Fix following warnings when compiling CONFIG_EFI_STUB=n
arch/x86/boot/tools/build.c: In function ‘main’:
arch/x86/boot/tools/build.c:138:24: warning: unused variable ‘pe_header’
arch/x86/boot/tools/build.c:138:15: warning: unused variable ‘file_sz’
- As reported by Matthew Garrett, some Apple machines have GOPs that
don't have hardware attached. We need to weed these out by
searching for ones that handle the PCIIO protocol.
- Don't allocate memory if no initrds are on cmdline
- Don't trust image->load_options_size
Maarten Lankhorst noted:
- Don't strip first argument when booted from efibootmgr
- Don't allocate too much memory for cmdline
- Don't update cmdline_size, the kernel considers it read-only
- Don't accept '\n' for initrd names
v2:
- File alignment was too large, was 8192 should be 512. Reported by
Maarten Lankhorst on LKML.
- Added UGA support for graphics
- Use VIDEO_TYPE_EFI instead of hard-coded number.
- Move linelength assignment until after we've assigned depth
- Dynamically fill out AddressOfEntryPoint in tools/build.c
- Don't use magic number for GDT/TSS stuff. Requested by Andi Kleen
- The bzImage may need to be relocated as it may have been loaded at
a high address address by the firmware. This was required to get my
macbook booting because the firmware loaded it at 0x7cxxxxxx, which
triggers this error in decompress_kernel(),
if (heap > ((-__PAGE_OFFSET-(128<<20)-1) & 0x7fffffff))
error("Destination address too large");
Cc: Mike Waychison <mikew@google.com>
Cc: Matthew Garrett <mjg@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Henrik Rydberg <rydberg@euromail.se>
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1321383097.2657.9.camel@mfleming-mobl1.ger.corp.intel.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
This integrates the XZ decompression code to the x86 pre-boot code.
mkpiggy.c is updated to reserve about 32 KiB more buffer safety margin for
kernel decompression. It is done unconditionally for all decompressors to
keep the code simpler.
The XZ decompressor needs around 30 KiB of heap, so the heap size is
increased to 32 KiB on both x86-32 and x86-64.
Documentation/x86/boot.txt is updated to list the XZ magic number.
With the x86 BCJ filter in XZ, XZ-compressed x86 kernel tends to be a few
percent smaller than the equivalent LZMA-compressed kernel.
Signed-off-by: Lasse Collin <lasse.collin@tukaani.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Alain Knaff <alain@knaff.lu>
Cc: Albin Tonnerre <albin.tonnerre@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Phillip Lougher <phillip@lougher.demon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'x86-cpu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86: Fix included-by file reference comments
x86, cpu: Only CPU features determine NX capabilities
x86, cpu: Call verify_cpu during 32bit CPU startup
x86, cpu: Clear XD_DISABLED flag on Intel to regain NX
x86, cpu: Rename verify_cpu_64.S to verify_cpu.S
A relocatable kernel can be anywhere in lowmem -- and in the case of a
kdump kernel, is likely to be fairly high. Since the early page
tables map everything from address zero up we need to make sure we
allocate enough brk that we can map all of lowmem if we need to.
Reported-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <4D0AD3ED.8070607@kernel.org>
The kernel decompression code parses the ELF header and then copies
the segment to the corresponding destination. Currently it uses slow
byte-copy code. This patch makes it use the string copy operations
instead.
In the test the copy performance can be improved very significantly after using
the string copy operation mechanism.
1. The copy time can be reduced from 150ms to 20ms on one Atom machine
2. The copy time can be reduced about 80% on another machine
The time is reduced from 7ms to 1.5ms when using 32-bit kernel.
The time is reduced from 10ms to 2ms when using 64-bit kernel.
Signed-off-by: Zhao Yakui <yakui.zhao@intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <1286502453-7043-1-git-send-email-yakui.zhao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
It is a subset of <ctype.h> functionality, so name it ctype.h. Also,
reorganize header files so #include statements are clustered near the
top as they should be.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
LKML-Reference: <4C5752F2.8030206@kernel.org>
This enables the decompressor output to be seen on the serial console.
Most of the code is shared with the regular boot code.
We could add printf to the decompressor if needed, but currently there
is no sufficiently compelling user.
-v2: define BOOT_BOOT_H to avoid include boot.h
-v3: early_serial_base need to be static in misc.c ?
-v4: create seperate string.c printf.c cmdline.c early_serial_console.c
after hpa's patch that allow global variables in compressed/misc stage
-v5: remove printf.c related
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
In order for global variables and functions to work in the
decompressor, we need to fix up the GOT in assembly code.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <4C57382E.8050501@zytor.com>
* 'for-35' of git://repo.or.cz/linux-kbuild: (81 commits)
kbuild: Revert part of e8d400a to resolve a conflict
kbuild: Fix checking of scm-identifier variable
gconfig: add support to show hidden options that have prompts
menuconfig: add support to show hidden options which have prompts
gconfig: remove show_debug option
gconfig: remove dbg_print_ptype() and dbg_print_stype()
kconfig: fix zconfdump()
kconfig: some small fixes
add random binaries to .gitignore
kbuild: Include gen_initramfs_list.sh and the file list in the .d file
kconfig: recalc symbol value before showing search results
.gitignore: ignore *.lzo files
headerdep: perlcritic warning
scripts/Makefile.lib: Align the output of LZO
kbuild: Generate modules.builtin in make modules_install
Revert "kbuild: specify absolute paths for cscope"
kbuild: Do not unnecessarily regenerate modules.builtin
headers_install: use local file handles
headers_check: fix perl warnings
export_report: fix perl warnings
...
This reverts commit b3b77c8cae, which was
also totally broken (see commit 0d2daf5cc8 that reverted the crc32
version of it). As reported by Stephen Rothwell, it causes problems on
big-endian machines:
> In file included from fs/jfs/jfs_types.h:33,
> from fs/jfs/jfs_incore.h:26,
> from fs/jfs/file.c:22:
> fs/jfs/endian24.h:36:101: warning: "__LITTLE_ENDIAN" is not defined
The kernel has never had that crazy "__BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN"
model. It's not how we do things, and it isn't how we _should_ do
things. So don't go there.
Requested-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Linux does not define __BYTE_ORDER in its endian header files which makes
some header files bend backwards to get at the current endian. Lets
#define __BYTE_ORDER in big_endian.h/litte_endian.h to make it easier for
header files that are used in user space too.
In userspace the convention is that
1. _both_ __LITTLE_ENDIAN and __BIG_ENDIAN are defined,
2. you have to test for e.g. __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN.
Signed-off-by: Joakim Tjernlund <Joakim.Tjernlund@transmode.se>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'x86-setup-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86, setup: Don't skip mode setting for the standard VGA modes
x86-64, setup: Inhibit decompressor output if video info is invalid
x86, setup: When restoring the screen, update boot_params.screen_info
Inhibit output from the kernel decompressor if the video information
is invalid. This was already the case for 32 bits, make 64 bits
match.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
LKML-Reference: <tip-*@git.kernel.org>
Iomem has no special significance on x86. Use the standard mem*
functions instead of trying to call other versions. Some fixups
are needed to match the function prototypes.
Signed-off-by: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <1265380629-3212-6-git-send-email-brgerst@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Recently, some distros have started shipping versions of gcc which
default to -march=i686. This breaks building kernels for pre-i686
machines, even if they have been selected in Kconfig, due to the
generation of CMOV instructions.
There isn't enough benefit to try to preserve the generation of these
instructions even when selected, so simply force -march=i386 for the
decompressor when building a 32-bit kernel.
Reported-and-tested-by: Chris Rankin <rankincj@yahoo.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
LKML-Reference: <219280.97558.qm@web52907.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
This adds a new category of symbols to the relocs program: symbols
which are known to be relative, even though the linker emits them as
absolute; this is the case for symbols that live in the linker script,
which currently applies to _end.
Unfortunately the previous workaround of putting _end in its own empty
section was defeated by newer binutils, which remove empty sections
completely.
This patch also changes the symbol matching to use regular expressions
instead of hardcoded C for specific patterns.
This is a decidedly non-minimal patch: a modified version of the
relocs program is used as part of the Syslinux build, and this is
basically a backport to Linux of some of those changes; they have
thus been well tested.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
LKML-Reference: <4AF86211.3070103@zytor.com>
Acked-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Rather than having X86_L1_CACHE_BYTES and X86_L1_CACHE_SHIFT
(with inconsistent defaults), just having the latter suffices as
the former can be easily calculated from it.
To be consistent, also change X86_INTERNODE_CACHE_BYTES to
X86_INTERNODE_CACHE_SHIFT, and set it to 7 (128 bytes) for NUMA
to account for last level cache line size (which here matters
more than L1 cache line size).
Finally, make sure the default value for X86_L1_CACHE_SHIFT,
when X86_GENERIC is selected, is being seen before that for the
individual CPU model options (other than on x86-64, where
GENERIC_CPU is part of the choice construct, X86_GENERIC is a
separate option on ix86).
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Acked-by: Ravikiran Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org>
Acked-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
LKML-Reference: <4AFD5710020000780001F8F0@vpn.id2.novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This has the consequence of changing the section name use for head
code from ".text.head" to ".head.text".
Linus suggested that we merge the ".text.head" section with ".text"
(presumably while preserving the fact that the head code starts at 0).
When I tried this it caused the kernel to not boot.
Signed-off-by: Tim Abbott <tabbott@ksplice.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Jesper Juhl
Maarten Lankhorst
Matt Fleming
Daniel J Blueman
Lasse Collin
Linus Torvalds
H. Peter Anvin
Kees Cook
Zhao Yakui
H. Peter Anvin
Yinghai Lu
Joakim Tjernlund
Denys Vlasenko
Brian Gerst
Albin Tonnerre
Jan Beulich
Alexander Potashev
Tim Abbott