Alan is no longer maintaining this list through the Linux assigned
numbers authority. Make it a collective document by referring to
"the maintainers" in plural throughout, and naming the chardev and
block layer maintainers in particular as parties of involvement.
Cut down and remove some sections that pertained to the process of
maintaining the list at lanana.org and contacting Alan directly.
Make it clear that this document, in the kernel, is the master
document.
Also move paragraphs around so as to emphasize dynamic major number
allocation.
Remove paragraph on 2.6 deprecation, that tag no longer appears
anywhere in the file.
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Currently a dynamically allocated character device major is taken
from 254 and downward. This mechanism is used for RTC, IIO and a
few other subsystems.
The kernel currently has no check prevening these dynamic
allocations from eating into the assigned numbers at 233 and
downward.
In a recent test it was reported that so many dynamic device
majors were used on a test server, that the major number for
infiniband (231) was stolen. This occurred when allocating a new
major number for GPIO chips. The error messages from the kernel
were not helpful. (See: https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/2/14/124)
This patch adds a defined lower limit of the dynamic major
allocation region will henceforth emit a warning if we start to
eat into the assigned numbers. It does not do any semantic
changes and will not change the kernels behaviour: numbers will
still continue to be stolen, but we will know from dmesg what
is going on.
This also updates the Documentation/devices.txt to clearly
reflect that we are using this range of major numbers for dynamic
allocation.
Reported-by: Ying Huang <ying.huang@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Pull media updates from Mauro Carvalho Chehab:
"The main set of series of patches for media subsystem, including:
- document RC sysfs class
- added an API to setup scancode to allow waking up systems using the
Remote Controller
- add API for SDR devices. Drivers are still on staging
- some API improvements for getting EDID data from media
inputs/outputs
- new DVB frontend driver for drx-j (ATSC)
- one driver (it913x/it9137) got removed, in favor of an improvement
on another driver (af9035)
- added a skeleton V4L2 PCI driver at documentation
- added a dual flash driver (lm3646)
- added a new IR driver (img-ir)
- added an IR scancode decoder for the Sharp protocol
- some improvements at the usbtv driver, to allow its core to be
reused.
- added a new SDR driver (rtl2832u_sdr)
- added a new tuner driver (msi001)
- several improvements at em28xx driver to fix PM support, device
removal and to split the V4L2 specific bits into a separate
sub-driver
- one driver got converted to videobuf2 (s2255drv)
- the e4000 tuner driver now follows an improved binding model
- some fixes at V4L2 compat32 code
- several fixes and enhancements at videobuf2 code
- some cleanups at V4L2 API documentation
- usual driver enhancements, new board additions and misc fixups"
[ NOTE! This merge effective drops commit 4329b93b28 ("of: Reduce
indentation in of_graph_get_next_endpoint").
The of_graph_get_next_endpoint() function was moved and renamed by
commit fd9fdb78a9 ("[media] of: move graph helpers from
drivers/media/v4l2-core to drivers/of"). It was originally called
v4l2_of_get_next_endpoint() and lived in the file
drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-of.c.
In that original location, it was then fixed to support empty port
nodes by commit b9db140c1e ("[media] v4l: of: Support empty port
nodes"), and that commit clashes badly with the dropped "Reduce
intendation" commit. I had to choose one or the other, and decided
that the "Support empty port nodes" commit was more important ]
* 'v4l_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-media: (426 commits)
[media] em28xx-dvb: fix PCTV 461e tuner I2C binding
Revert "[media] em28xx-dvb: fix PCTV 461e tuner I2C binding"
[media] em28xx: fix PCTV 290e LNA oops
[media] em28xx-dvb: fix PCTV 461e tuner I2C binding
[media] m88ds3103: fix bug on .set_tone()
[media] saa7134: fix WARN_ON during resume
[media] v4l2-dv-timings: add module name, description, license
[media] videodev2.h: add parenthesis around macro arguments
[media] saa6752hs: depends on CRC32
[media] si4713: fix Kconfig dependencies
[media] Sensoray 2255 uses videobuf2
[media] adv7180: free an interrupt on failure paths in init_device()
[media] e4000: make VIDEO_V4L2 dependency optional
[media] af9033: Don't export functions for the hardware filter
[media] af9035: use af9033 PID filters
[media] af9033: implement PID filter
[media] rtl2832_sdr: do not use dynamic stack allocation
[media] e4000: fix 32-bit build error
[media] em28xx-audio: make sure audio is unmuted on open()
[media] DocBook media: v4l2_format_sdr was renamed to v4l2_sdr_format
...
Pull networking updates from David Miller:
"Here is my initial pull request for the networking subsystem during
this merge window:
1) Support for ESN in AH (RFC 4302) from Fan Du.
2) Add full kernel doc for ethtool command structures, from Ben
Hutchings.
3) Add BCM7xxx PHY driver, from Florian Fainelli.
4) Export computed TCP rate information in netlink socket dumps, from
Eric Dumazet.
5) Allow IPSEC SA to be dumped partially using a filter, from Nicolas
Dichtel.
6) Convert many drivers to pci_enable_msix_range(), from Alexander
Gordeev.
7) Record SKB timestamps more efficiently, from Eric Dumazet.
8) Switch to microsecond resolution for TCP round trip times, also
from Eric Dumazet.
9) Clean up and fix 6lowpan fragmentation handling by making use of
the existing inet_frag api for it's implementation.
10) Add TX grant mapping to xen-netback driver, from Zoltan Kiss.
11) Auto size SKB lengths when composing netlink messages based upon
past message sizes used, from Eric Dumazet.
12) qdisc dumps can take a long time, add a cond_resched(), From Eric
Dumazet.
13) Sanitize netpoll core and drivers wrt. SKB handling semantics.
Get rid of never-used-in-tree netpoll RX handling. From Eric W
Biederman.
14) Support inter-address-family and namespace changing in VTI tunnel
driver(s). From Steffen Klassert.
15) Add Altera TSE driver, from Vince Bridgers.
16) Optimizing csum_replace2() so that it doesn't adjust the checksum
by checksumming the entire header, from Eric Dumazet.
17) Expand BPF internal implementation for faster interpreting, more
direct translations into JIT'd code, and much cleaner uses of BPF
filtering in non-socket ocntexts. From Daniel Borkmann and Alexei
Starovoitov"
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-next: (1976 commits)
netpoll: Use skb_irq_freeable to make zap_completion_queue safe.
net: Add a test to see if a skb is freeable in irq context
qlcnic: Fix build failure due to undefined reference to `vxlan_get_rx_port'
net: ptp: move PTP classifier in its own file
net: sxgbe: make "core_ops" static
net: sxgbe: fix logical vs bitwise operation
net: sxgbe: sxgbe_mdio_register() frees the bus
Call efx_set_channels() before efx->type->dimension_resources()
xen-netback: disable rogue vif in kthread context
net/mlx4: Set proper build dependancy with vxlan
be2net: fix build dependency on VxLAN
mac802154: make csma/cca parameters per-wpan
mac802154: allow only one WPAN to be up at any given time
net: filter: minor: fix kdoc in __sk_run_filter
netlink: don't compare the nul-termination in nla_strcmp
can: c_can: Avoid led toggling for every packet.
can: c_can: Simplify TX interrupt cleanup
can: c_can: Store dlc private
can: c_can: Reduce register access
can: c_can: Make the code readable
...
Add new video4linux device named /dev/swradio for Software Defined
Radio use. V4L device minor numbers are allocated dynamically
nowadays, but there is still configuration option for old fixed style.
Add note to mention that configuration option too.
Signed-off-by: Antti Palosaari <crope@iki.fi>
Acked-by: Hans Verkuil <hans.verkuil@cisco.com>
Acked-by: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <m.chehab@samsung.com>
Commit bfacbb9 (Bluetooth: Use devname:vhci module alias for virtual HCI
driver) added the module alias to hci_vhci module so it's possible to
create the /dev/vhci node. However creating an alias without
specifying the minor doesn't allow us to create the node ahead,
triggerring module auto-load when it's first accessed.
Starting with depmod from kmod 16 we started to warn if there's a
devname alias without specifying the major and minor.
Let's do the same done for uhid, kvm, fuse and others, specifying a
fixed minor. In systems with systemd as the init the following will
happen: on early boot systemd will call "kmod static-nodes" to read
/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/modules.devname and then create the nodes. When
first accessed these "dead" nodes will trigger the module loading.
Signed-off-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@intel.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
VFIO currently allocates it's own dynamic chardev range, reserving the
first minor for the control part of the interface (/dev/vfio/vfio) and
the remainder for VFIO groups (/dev/vfio/$GROUP). This works, but it
doesn't support auto loading. For instance when libvirt checks for
VFIO support it looks for /dev/vfio/vfio, which currently doesn't
exist unless the vfio module is loaded. By converting the control
device to a misc driver and reserving a static minor, we can enable
auto loading.
Reserving the minor is a prerequist to that conversion. Minor 196
is unused by anything currently in the kernel.
Suggested-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This allows udev (or more recently systemd-tmpfiles) to create /dev/cuse on
boot, in the same way as /dev/fuse is currently created, and the corresponding
module to be loaded on first access.
The corresponding functionalty was introduced for fuse in commit 578454f.
Signed-off-by: Tom Gundersen <teg@jklm.no>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
/dev/oldmem provides the interface for us to access the "old memory" in
the dump-capture kernel. Unfortunately, no one actually uses this
interface.
And this interface could actually cause some real problems if used on ia64
where the cached/uncached accesses are mixed. See the discussion from the
link: https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/4/12/386.
So Eric suggested that we should remove /dev/oldmem as an unused piece of
code.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: mention /dev/oldmem obsolescence in devices.txt]
Suggested-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Cc: Michael Holzheu <holzheu@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit d1a6f4f197
"block: delete super ancient PC-XT driver for 1980's hardware"
deleted the XD disk driver, but there are still a few
references to it in the documentation directory. Delete
the remnants and thus also free up the major block device
13 for reuse.
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Documenting description about max minor number of raw devices.
Signed-off-by: Kazuo Moriwaka <moriwaka@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Pull the MCA deletion branch from Paul Gortmaker:
"It was good that we could support MCA machines back in the day, but
realistically, nobody is using them anymore. They were mostly limited
to 386-sx 16MHz CPU and some 486 class machines and never more than
64MB of RAM. Even the enthusiast hobbyist community seems to have
dried up close to ten years ago, based on what you can find searching
various websites dedicated to the relatively short lived hardware.
So lets remove the support relating to CONFIG_MCA. There is no point
carrying this forward, wasting cycles doing routine maintenance on it;
wasting allyesconfig build time on validating it, wasting I/O on git
grep'ping over it, and so on."
Let's see if anybody screams. It generally has compiled, and James
Bottomley pointed out that there was a MCA extension from NCR that
allowed for up to 4GB of memory and PPro-class machines. So in *theory*
there may be users out there.
But even James (technically listed as a maintainer) doesn't actually
have a system, and while Alan Cox claims to have a machine in his cellar
that he offered to anybody who wants to take it off his hands, he didn't
argue for keeping MCA support either.
So we could bring it back. But somebody had better speak up and talk
about how they have actually been using said MCA hardware with modern
kernels for us to do that. And David already took the patch to delete
all the networking driver code (commit a5e371f61a: "drivers/net:
delete all code/drivers depending on CONFIG_MCA").
* 'delete-mca' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulg/linux:
MCA: delete all remaining traces of microchannel bus support.
scsi: delete the MCA specific drivers and driver code
serial: delete the MCA specific 8250 support.
arm: remove ability to select CONFIG_MCA
Hardware with MCA bus is limited to 386 and 486 class machines
that are now 20+ years old and typically with less than 32MB
of memory. A quick search on the internet, and you see that
even the MCA hobbyist/enthusiast community has lost interest
in the early 2000 era and never really even moved ahead from
the 2.4 kernels to the 2.6 series.
This deletes anything remaining related to CONFIG_MCA from core
kernel code and from the x86 architecture. There is no point in
carrying this any further into the future.
One complication to watch for is inadvertently scooping up
stuff relating to machine check, since there is overlap in
the TLA name space (e.g. arch/x86/boot/mca.c).
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Parallels.com>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
By adding some module aliases, programs (or users) won't have to explicitly
call modprobe. Vhost-net will always be available if built into the kernel.
It does require assigning a permanent minor number for depmod to work.
Also:
- use C99 style initialization.
- add missing entry in documentation for loop-control
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Acked-By: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* 'v4l_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-2.6: (505 commits)
[media] af9015: Fix max I2C message size when used with tda18271
[media] IR: initialize ir_raw_event in few more drivers
[media] Guard a divide in v4l1 compat layer
[media] imon: fix nomouse modprobe option
[media] imon: remove redundant change_protocol call
[media] imon: fix my egregious brown paper bag w/rdev/idev split
[media] cafe_ccic: Configure ov7670 correctly
[media] ov7670: allow configuration of image size, clock speed, and I/O method
[media] af9015: support for DigitalNow TinyTwin v3 [1f4d:9016]
[media] af9015: map DigitalNow TinyTwin v2 remote
[media] DigitalNow TinyTwin remote controller
[media] af9015: RC fixes and improvements
videodev2.h.xml: Update to reflect the latest changes at videodev2.h
[media] v4l: document new Bayer and monochrome pixel formats
[media] DocBook/v4l: Add missing formats used on gspca cpia1 and sn9c2028
[media] firedtv: add parameter to fake ca_system_ids in CA_INFO
[media] tm6000: fix a macro coding style issue
tm6000: Remove some ugly debug code
[media] Nova-S-Plus audio line input
[media] [RFC,1/1] V4L2: Use new CAP bits in existing RDS capable drivers
...
The old limit of number of minor numbers per mmcblk device was hardcoded
at 8. This isn't enough for some of the more elaborate partitioning
schemes, for example those used by Chrome OS.
Since there might be a bunch of systems out there with static /dev
contents that relies on the old numbering scheme, let's make it a
build-time option with the default set to the previous 8.
Also provide a boot/modprobe-time parameter to override the config
default: mmcblk.perdev_minors.
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
Cc: Mandeep Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: <linux-mmc@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb-2.6: (141 commits)
USB: mct_u232: fix broken close
USB: gadget: amd5536udc.c: fix error path
USB: imx21-hcd - fix off by one resource size calculation
usb: gadget: fix Kconfig warning
usb: r8a66597-udc: Add processing when USB was removed.
mxc_udc: add workaround for ENGcm09152 for i.MX35
USB: ftdi_sio: add device ids for ScienceScope
USB: musb: AM35x: Workaround for fifo read issue
USB: musb: add musb support for AM35x
USB: AM35x: Add musb support
usb: Fix linker errors with CONFIG_PM=n
USB: ohci-sh - use resource_size instead of defining its own resource_len macro
USB: isp1362-hcd - use resource_size instead of defining its own resource_len macro
USB: isp116x-hcd - use resource_size instead of defining its own resource_len macro
USB: xhci: Fix compile error when CONFIG_PM=n
USB: accept some invalid ep0-maxpacket values
USB: xHCI: PCI power management implementation
USB: xHCI: bus power management implementation
USB: xHCI: port remote wakeup implementation
USB: xHCI: port power management implementation
...
Manually fix up (non-data) conflict: the SCSI merge gad renamed the
'hw_sector_size' member to 'physical_block_size', and the USB tree
brought a new use of it.
This assigns the minor number 192 to the yurex driver.
We also fix up the previous usb minor number entry, it was wrong.
Cc: Tomoki Sekiyama <tomoki.sekiyama@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Ttyprintk is a pseudo TTY driver, which allows users to make printk
messages, via output to ttyprintk device. It is possible to store
"console" messages inline with kernel messages for better analyses of
the boot process, for example.
Signed-off-by: Samo Pogacnik <samo_pogacnik@t-2.net>
Acked-by: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Teletext interface is provided via VBI interface for a long time. There's no
need nor is there any known program using those old /dev/vtx nodes.
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
Add devname:mapper/control and MAPPER_CTRL_MINOR module alias
to support dm-mod module autoloading.
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Rajnoha <prajnoha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Linus Walleij
Linus Torvalds
Antti Palosaari
Lucas De Marchi
Alex Williamson
Tom Gundersen
Zhang Yanfei
Tim Gardner
Kazuo Moriwaka
Paul Gortmaker
Kay Sievers
stephen hemminger
Vinson Lee
Olof Johansson
Greg Kroah-Hartman
Samo Pogacnik
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
Peter Rajnoha