This patch fixes a hang observed with 2.6.32 kernels where timers got enqueued
on offline cpus.
printk_needs_cpu() may return 1 if called on offline cpus. When a cpu gets
offlined it schedules the idle process which, before killing its own cpu, will
call tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(). That function in turn will call
printk_needs_cpu() in order to check if the local tick can be disabled. On
offline cpus this function should naturally return 0 since regardless if the
tick gets disabled or not the cpu will be dead short after. That is besides the
fact that __cpu_disable() should already have made sure that no interrupts on
the offlined cpu will be delivered anyway.
In this case it prevents tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick() to call
select_nohz_load_balancer(). No idea if that really is a problem. However what
made me debug this is that on 2.6.32 the function get_nohz_load_balancer() is
used within __mod_timer() to select a cpu on which a timer gets enqueued. If
printk_needs_cpu() returns 1 then the nohz_load_balancer cpu doesn't get
updated when a cpu gets offlined. It may contain the cpu number of an offline
cpu. In turn timers get enqueued on an offline cpu and not very surprisingly
they never expire and cause system hangs.
This has been observed 2.6.32 kernels. On current kernels __mod_timer() uses
get_nohz_timer_target() which doesn't have that problem. However there might be
other problems because of the too early exit tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick() in
case a cpu goes offline.
Easiest way to fix this is just to test if the current cpu is offline and call
printk_tick() directly which clears the condition.
Alternatively I tried a cpu hotplug notifier which would clear the condition,
however between calling the notifier function and printk_needs_cpu() something
could have called printk() again and the problem is back again. This seems to
be the safest fix.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
LKML-Reference: <20101126120235.406766476@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
wake_up_klogd() may get called from preemptible context but uses
__raw_get_cpu_var() to write to a per cpu variable. If it gets preempted
between getting the address and writing to it, the cpu in question could be
offline if the process gets scheduled back and hence writes to the per cpu data
of an offline cpu.
This buggy behaviour was introduced with fa33507a "printk: robustify
printk, fix#2" which was supposed to fix a "using smp_processor_id() in
preemptible" warning.
Let's use this_cpu_write() instead which disables preemption and makes sure
that the outlined scenario cannot happen.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <20101126124247.GC7023@osiris.boeblingen.de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The addition of CONFIG_SECURITY_DMESG_RESTRICT resulted in a build
failure when CONFIG_PRINTK=n. This is because the capabilities code
which used the new option was built even though the variable in question
didn't exist.
The patch here fixes this by moving the capabilities checks out of the
LSM and into the caller. All (known) LSMs should have been calling the
capabilities hook already so it actually makes the code organization
better to eliminate the hook altogether.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The kernel syslog contains debugging information that is often useful
during exploitation of other vulnerabilities, such as kernel heap
addresses. Rather than futilely attempt to sanitize hundreds (or
thousands) of printk statements and simultaneously cripple useful
debugging functionality, it is far simpler to create an option that
prevents unprivileged users from reading the syslog.
This patch, loosely based on grsecurity's GRKERNSEC_DMESG, creates the
dmesg_restrict sysctl. When set to "0", the default, no restrictions are
enforced. When set to "1", only users with CAP_SYS_ADMIN can read the
kernel syslog via dmesg(8) or other mechanisms.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: explain the config option in kernel.txt]
Signed-off-by: Dan Rosenberg <drosenberg@vsecurity.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Eugene Teo <eugeneteo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
get_option() takes its 2nd arg as int * so passing boot_delay to it
caused following warnings from sparse:
kernel/printk.c:223:27: warning: incorrect type in argument 2 (different signedness)
kernel/printk.c:223:27: expected int *pint
kernel/printk.c:223:27: got unsigned int static [toplevel] *<noident>
Since boot_delay can't grow more than 10,000 changing it to 'int *'
will not produce any problem.
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
kmsg_dump takes care to sample the global variables
inside a spinlock, but then goes on to use the same
variables outside the spinlock region too.
Use the correct variable. This will make the race
window smaller.
Found by gcc 4.6's new warnings.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Certain calls from the kdb shell will call out to printk(), and any of
these calls should get vectored back to the kdb_printf() so that the
kdb pager and processing can be used, as well as to properly channel
I/O to the polled I/O devices.
CC: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
This patch contains the hooks and instrumentation into kernel which
live outside the kernel/debug directory, which the kdb core
will call to run commands like lsmod, dmesg, bt etc...
CC: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Hicks <mort@sgi.com>
Right now the syslog "type" action are just raw numbers which makes
the source difficult to follow. This patch replaces the raw numbers
with defined constants for some level of sanity.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
This allows the LSM to distinguish between syslog functions originating
from /proc/kmsg access and direct syscalls. By default, the commoncaps
will now no longer require CAP_SYS_ADMIN to read an opened /proc/kmsg
file descriptor. For example the kernel syslog reader can now drop
privileges after opening /proc/kmsg, instead of staying privileged with
CAP_SYS_ADMIN. MAC systems that implement security_syslog have unchanged
behavior.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
* git://git.infradead.org/~dwmw2/mtd-2.6.33:
mtd: tests: fix read, speed and stress tests on NOR flash
mtd: Really add ARM pismo support
kmsg_dump: Dump on crash_kexec as well
crash_kexec gets called before kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_OOPS) if
panic_on_oops is set, so the kernel log buffer is not stored
for this case.
This patch adds a KMSG_DUMP_KEXEC dump type which gets called
when crash_kexec() is invoked. To avoid getting double dumps,
the old KMSG_DUMP_PANIC is moved below crash_kexec(). The
mtdoops driver is modified to handle KMSG_DUMP_KEXEC in the
same way as a panic.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Simon Kagstrom <simon.kagstrom@netinsight.net>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Fix kernel-doc warnings in printk.c:
Warning(kernel/printk.c:1422): No description found for parameter 'dumper'
Warning(kernel/printk.c:1422): Excess function parameter 'dump' description in 'kmsg_dump_register'
Warning(kernel/printk.c:1451): No description found for parameter 'dumper'
Warning(kernel/printk.c:1451): Excess function parameter 'dump' description in 'kmsg_dump_unregister'
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* git://git.infradead.org/mtd-2.6: (90 commits)
jffs2: Fix long-standing bug with symlink garbage collection.
mtd: OneNAND: Fix test of unsigned in onenand_otp_walk()
mtd: cfi_cmdset_0002, fix lock imbalance
Revert "mtd: move mxcnd_remove to .exit.text"
mtd: m25p80: add support for Macronix MX25L4005A
kmsg_dump: fix build for CONFIG_PRINTK=n
mtd: nandsim: add support for 4KiB pages
mtd: mtdoops: refactor as a kmsg_dumper
mtd: mtdoops: make record size configurable
mtd: mtdoops: limit the maximum mtd partition size
mtd: mtdoops: keep track of used/unused pages in an array
mtd: mtdoops: several minor cleanups
core: Add kernel message dumper to call on oopses and panics
mtd: add ARM pismo support
mtd: pxa3xx_nand: Fix PIO data transfer
mtd: nand: fix multi-chip suspend problem
mtd: add support for switching old SST chips into QRY mode
mtd: fix M29W800D dev_id and uaddr
mtd: don't use PF_MEMALLOC
mtd: Add bad block table overrides to Davinci NAND driver
...
Fixed up conflicts (mostly trivial) in
drivers/mtd/devices/m25p80.c
drivers/mtd/maps/pcmciamtd.c
drivers/mtd/nand/pxa3xx_nand.c
kernel/printk.c
* 'core-printk-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
ratelimit: Make suppressed output messages more useful
printk: Remove ratelimit.h from kernel.h
ratelimit: Fix/allow use in atomic contexts
ratelimit: Use per ratelimit context locking
kmsg_dump() fails to build when CONFIG_PRINTK=n; provide stubs
for the kmsg_dump*() functions when CONFIG_PRINTK=n.
kernel/printk.c: In function 'kmsg_dump':
kernel/printk.c:1501: error: 'log_buf_len' undeclared (first use in this function)
kernel/printk.c:1502: error: 'logged_chars' undeclared (first use in this function)
kernel/printk.c:1506: error: 'log_buf' undeclared (first use in this function)
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Simon Kagstrom <simon.kagstrom@netinsight.net>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Today I got:
[39648.224782] Registered led device: iwl-phy0::TX
[40676.545099] __ratelimit: 246 callbacks suppressed
[40676.545103] abcdef[23675]: segfault at 0 ...
as you can see the ratelimit message contains a function prefix.
Since this is always __ratelimit, this wont help much.
This patch changes __ratelimit and printk_ratelimit to print the
function name that calls ratelimit.
This will pinpoint the responsible function, as long as not several
different places call ratelimit with the same ratelimit state at
the same time. In that case we catch only one random function that
calls ratelimit after the wait period.
Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Young <hidave.darkstar@gmail.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
CC: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <200910231458.11832.borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
When syslog is not possible, at the same time there's no serial/net
console available, it will be hard to read the printk messages. For
example oops/panic/warning messages in shutdown phase.
Add a printk delay feature, we can make each printk message delay some
milliseconds.
Setting the delay by proc/sysctl interface: /proc/sys/kernel/printk_delay
The value range from 0 - 10000, default value is 0
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix a few things]
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <hidave.darkstar@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Heiko Carstens
Eric Paris
Dan Rosenberg
Namhyung Kim
Thomas Gleixner
Andi Kleen
Kevin Cernekee
Jason Wessel
Gustavo F. Padovan
James Morris
Kees Cook
Linus Torvalds
KOSAKI Motohiro
Randy Dunlap
Simon Kagstrom
Christian Borntraeger
Dave Young