Adds configure flags for msan and ubsan builds to make it easier to enable.
These also encode the detail that address sanitizer and memory sanitizer
should disable pymalloc.
Define MEMORY_SANITIZER when appropriate at build time and adds workarounds
to existing code to mark things as initialized where the sanitizer is otherwise unable to
determine that. This lets our build succeed under the memory sanitizer. not all tests
pass without sanitizer failures yet but we're in pretty good shape after this.
When os.fork() is called (on platforms that support it) all threads but the current one are destroyed in the child process. Consequently we must ensure that all but the associated interpreter are likewise destroyed. The main interpreter is critical for runtime operation, so we must ensure that fork only happens in the main interpreter.
https://bugs.python.org/issue34651
[bpo-34658](https://www.bugs.python.org/issue34658): Fix a rare interpreter unhandled exception state SystemError only
seen when using subprocess with a preexec_fn while an after_parent handler has
been registered with os.register_at_fork and the fork system call fails.
https://bugs.python.org/issue34658
When subprocess.Popen() stdin= stdout= or stderr= handles are specified
and appear in pass_fds=, don't close the original fds after dup'ing them.
This implementation and unittest primarily came from @izbyshev (see the PR)
See also b89b52f284
This also removes the old manual p2cread, c2pwrite, and errwrite closing logic
as inheritable flags and _close_open_fds takes care of that properly today without special treatment.
This code is within child_exec() where it is the only thread so there is no
race condition between the dup and _Py_set_inheritable_async_safe call.
bpo-32844: subprocess: Fix a potential misredirection of a low fd to stderr.
When redirecting, subprocess attempts to achieve the following state:
each fd to be redirected to is less than or equal to the fd
it is redirected from, which is necessary because redirection
occurs in the ascending order of destination descriptors.
It fails to do so in a couple of corner cases,
for example, if 1 is redirected to 2 and 0 is closed in the parent.
Fix a rare but potential pre-exec child process deadlock in subprocess on POSIX systems when marking file descriptors inheritable on exec in the child process. This bug appears to have been introduced in 3.4 with the inheritable file descriptors support.
This also changes Python/fileutils.c `set_inheritable` to use the "slow" two `fcntl` syscall path instead of the "fast" single `ioctl` syscall path when asked to be async signal safe (by way of being asked not to raise exceptions). `ioctl` is not a POSIX async-signal-safe approved function.
ref: http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/V2_chap02.html
* bpo-16500: Allow registering at-fork handlers
* Address Serhiy's comments
* Add doc for new C API
* Add doc for new Python-facing function
* Add NEWS entry + doc nit
