ASCII/surrogateescape codec is now used, instead of the locale encoding, to
decode the command line arguments. This change fixes inconsistencies with
os.fsencode() and os.fsdecode() because these operating systems announces an
ASCII locale encoding, whereas the ISO-8859-1 encoding is used in practice.
* Simplify the code: replace 4 steps with one unique step using the
_PyUnicodeWriter API. PyUnicode_Format() has the same design. It avoids to
store intermediate results which require to allocate an array of pointers on
the heap.
* Use the _PyUnicodeWriter API for speed (and its convinient API):
overallocate the buffer to reduce the number of "realloc()"
* Implement "width" and "precision" in Python, don't rely on sprintf(). It
avoids to need of a temporary buffer allocated on the heap: only use a small
buffer allocated in the stack.
* Add _PyUnicodeWriter_WriteCstr() function
* Split PyUnicode_FromFormatV() into two functions: add
unicode_fromformat_arg().
* Inline parse_format_flags(): the format of an argument is now only parsed
once, it's no more needed to have a subfunction.
* Optimize PyUnicode_FromFormatV() for characters between two "%" arguments:
search the next "%" and copy the substring in one chunk, instead of copying
character per character.
* Formatting string, int, float and complex use the _PyUnicodeWriter API. It
avoids a temporary buffer in most cases.
* Add _PyUnicodeWriter_WriteStr() to restore the PyAccu optimization: just
keep a reference to the string if the output is only composed of one string
* Disable overallocation when formatting the last argument of str%args and
str.format(args)
* Overallocation allocates at least 100 characters: add min_length attribute
to the _PyUnicodeWriter structure
* Add new private functions: _PyUnicode_FastCopyCharacters(),
_PyUnicode_FastFill() and _PyUnicode_FromASCII()
The speed up is around 20% in average.
* Decode thousands separator and decimal point using PyUnicode_DecodeLocale()
(from the locale encoding), instead of decoding them implicitly from latin1
* Remove _PyUnicode_InsertThousandsGroupingLocale(), it was not used
* Change _PyUnicode_InsertThousandsGrouping() API to return the maximum
character if unicode is NULL
* Replace MIN/MAX macros by Py_MIN/Py_MAX
* stringlib/undef.h undefines STRINGLIB_IS_UNICODE
* stringlib/localeutil.h only supports Unicode
